石油与天然气地质 ›› 2025, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (5): 1504-1521.doi: 10.11743/ogg20250508
• 油气地质 • 上一篇
王琳茜1,2(
), 赵靖舟1,2(
), 高振东3, 魏繁荣3, 周世琪1,2, 孟选刚3, 闫新智3, 徐宁3
收稿日期:2025-06-17
修回日期:2025-08-14
出版日期:2025-10-30
发布日期:2025-10-29
通讯作者:
赵靖舟
E-mail:1474153226@qq.com;jzzhao@xsyu.edu.cn
第一作者简介:王琳茜(2002—),女,硕士研究生,地质资源与地质工程。E-mail: 1474153226@qq.com。
基金项目:
Linxi WANG1,2(
), Jingzhou ZHAO1,2(
), Zhendong GAO3, Fanrong WEI3, Shiqi ZHOU1,2, Xuangang MENG3, Xinzhi YAN3, Ning XU3
Received:2025-06-17
Revised:2025-08-14
Online:2025-10-30
Published:2025-10-29
Contact:
Jingzhou ZHAO
E-mail:1474153226@qq.com;jzzhao@xsyu.edu.cn
摘要:
三叠系延长组7—9油层组(长7—长9油层组)是鄂尔多斯盆地富县地区石油资源潜力较大的层系,以往研究多认为该套地层的砂岩主要为三角洲沉积,近年研究虽然在长7油层组发现了重力流沉积,但长7—长9油层组是否都有重力流沉积及其分布范围如何仍不清楚。综合岩心观察、粒度分析和薄片观察等手段,判识重力流沉积的主要类型及其分布,并对不同类型重力流沉积的储层特征与含油性进行对比分析,结果显示:①富县地区长7—长9油层组普遍发育重力流沉积,包括砂质碎屑流沉积、浊流沉积和滑动-滑塌沉积3种类型。其中砂质碎屑流沉积砂体厚度较大,发育块状层理,可见泥岩撕裂屑,概率累积曲线主要为偏粗的一段式、短尾两段式和悬浮组分含量较高的两段式;浊流沉积较薄,岩心中可观察到不完整鲍玛序列,概率累积曲线主要为偏细的一段式;滑动-滑塌沉积以揉皱变形、包卷层理和阶梯状断层为特征。②砂质碎屑流沉积普遍优于浊流沉积,具有储层品质佳、含油性好和试油产量高等特征。③富县地区长7—长9油层组普遍发育重力流沉积,砂质碎屑流沉积最为发育,其储层物性和含油性也最好,建议作为今后该地区致密油勘探开发的主要目标。
中图分类号:
图2
富县地区长7—长9油层组砂质碎屑流沉积典型岩心照片(a—d,i图引自文献[31])a. 砂岩,块状层理,FX191井,埋深1 548.95 ~ 1 549.05 m,长72油层亚组;b. 砂岩,块状层理,L241井,埋深1 549.76 ~ 1 550.16 m,长72油层亚组;c. 砂岩,块状层理,L230井,埋深1 787.00 m,长71油层亚组;d. 砂岩,块状层理,L256井,埋深1 305.35 ~ 1 305.58 m,长71油层亚组;e. 砂岩,块状层理,L271井,埋深1 861.80 m,长81油层亚组;f. 砂岩,块状层理,L234井,埋深1 732.80 ~ 1 733.03 m,长82油层亚组;g. 砂岩,块状层理,下部有平行层理,L234井,埋深1 736.07 ~ 1 736.18 m,长82油层亚组;h. 砂岩,块状层理,L277井,埋深1 562.45 m,长91油层亚组;i. 泥质粉砂岩,漂浮泥砾,FX191井,埋深1 568.10 ~ 1 568.30 m,长72油层亚组"
图3
富县地区长7—长9油层组浊流沉积典型岩心照片(a,b图引自文献[31])a. 泥质粉砂岩,鲍玛序列,L230井,埋深1 789.68 m,长71油层亚组;b. 泥质粉砂岩,鲍玛序列,L256井,埋深1 288.02 ~ 1 288.22 m,长71油层亚组;c. 泥质粉砂岩,鲍玛序列,L277井,埋深1 510.23 ~ 1 510.43 m,长82油层亚组;d. 灰色泥质粉砂岩,下部发育交错层理,上部为鲍玛序列,L241井,埋深1 692.23 m,长82油层亚组;e. 细砂岩,鲍玛序列,顶部有泥岩,下部发育平行层理,L372井,埋深1 777.51 m,长91油层亚组;f. 细砂岩,鲍玛序列,L372井,埋深1 782.18 m,长91油层亚组;g. 粉砂质泥岩,鲍玛序列,L234井,埋深1 799.94 m,长91油层亚组;h. 泥质粉砂岩,鲍玛序列,L225井,埋深1 804.22 m,长91油层亚组;i. 粉砂质泥岩,鲍玛序列,L235井,埋深1 537.65 m,长91油层亚组;j. 粉砂质泥岩,鲍玛序列,L234井,埋深1 799.84 m,长91油层亚组(A为块状、粒序层;C为波状纹层;D为上平行纹层;E为远洋深水沉积的页岩或泥岩。)"
图4
富县地区长7—长9油层组滑动-滑塌沉积典型岩心照片(a,c和d图引自文献[31])a. 粉砂质泥岩,滑动面,FX191井,埋深1 569.60 ~ 1 569.70 m,长72油层亚组;b. 粉砂质泥岩,砂质注入体,L277井,埋深1 511.01 ~ 1 511.36 m,长82油层亚组;c. 粉砂质泥岩,包卷层理,L241井,埋深1 560.70 ~ 1 560.96 m,长72油层亚组;d. 粉砂质泥岩,包卷层理和变形构造,L241井,埋深1 561.90 ~ 1 562.26 m,长72油层亚组; e. 粉砂质泥岩,变形构造,L277井,埋深1 532.38 m,长82油层亚组;f. 泥质粉砂岩,球枕状构造和包卷层理,L241井,埋深1 691.36 m,长82油层亚组;g. 泥质粉砂岩,球枕状构造和包卷层理,L241井,埋深1 691.36 m,长82油层亚组;h. 泥质粉砂岩,包卷层理,L241井,埋深1 690.39 m,长82油层亚组;i.泥质粉砂岩,变形构造,L383井,埋深1 549.07 m,长91油层亚组;j. 泥质粉砂岩,发育正断层,L241井,埋深1 683.96 ~ 1 684.29 m,长82油层亚组"
图5
富县地区砂质碎屑流和浊流沉积的岩心照片以及对应粒度概率累积曲线特征(a1,a2图引自文献[44])a1. 砂质碎屑流沉积,块状构造,Z198井,埋深1 680.73 m,长8油层组,岩心照片;a2. a1图对应概率累积曲线,短尾二段式;b1. 砂质碎屑流沉积,块状构造,L241井,埋深1 549.00 m,长7油层组,岩心照片;b2. b1图对应概率累积曲线,偏粗一段式;c1. 浊流沉积,鲍玛序列,L277井,埋深1 566.05 m,长9油层组,岩心照片;c2. c1图对应概率累积曲线,偏细一段式;d1. 浊流沉积,含泥质条带,鲍玛序列,L277井,埋深1 514.42 m,长8油层组,岩心照片;d2. d1图对应概率累积曲线,偏细一段式"
图8
富县地区长7—长9油层组重力流沉积典型铸体薄片显微照片a. 灰色细砂岩,发育裂缝,颗粒呈次棱角状,浊流,FX168井,埋深1 638.50 m,长7油层组;b. 灰色细砂岩,发育裂缝,颗粒呈次棱角状,浊流,FX168井,埋深1 638.50 m,长7油层组;c. 灰色、深灰色细砂岩,颗粒呈棱角状、定向排列,有长条状的黑云母和岩屑,砂质碎屑流,FX191井,埋深1 547.00 m,长7油层组;d. 泥质粉砂岩,颗粒呈次棱角状,浊流,L256井,埋深1 472.50 m,长9油层组;e. 砂岩,颗粒呈次棱角状,砂质碎屑流,L256井,埋深1 459.67 m,长8油层组;f. 细砂岩,干层,较大的岩屑颗粒,砂质碎屑流,L372井,埋深1 733.12 m,长8油层组;g. 砂岩,填隙物以泥质为主,局部可见碳酸盐胶结物,砂质碎屑流,L256井,埋深1 459.67 m,长8油层组;h. 含泥粉砂岩,油迹,填隙物以泥质为主,局部可见碳酸盐胶结物,砂质碎屑流,L277井,埋深1 566.05 m,长9油层组;i. 含泥粉砂岩,油迹,填隙物以泥质为主,局部可见碳酸盐胶结物,浊流,L231井,埋深1 690.49 m,长9油层组"
图17
富县地区长8-长9油层组重力流沉积砂岩含油性荧光薄片显微照片a. 细砂岩,油迹,油质沥青和胶质沥青,砂质碎屑流,L235井,埋深1 481.14 m,长8油层组;b. 粉-细砂岩,油迹,油质沥青和胶质沥青,砂质碎屑流,L256井,埋深1 462.02 m,长8油层组;c. 含泥粉砂岩,油迹,沥青质沥青,砂质碎屑流,L277井,埋深1 566.05 m,长9油层组;d. 粉砂岩,含油,油质沥青,浊流,L231井,埋深1 640.92 m,长8油层组;e. 细砂岩,油迹,油质沥青,浊流,L372井,埋深1 738.36 m,长8油层组;f. 泥质粉砂岩,含油,胶质沥青和沥青质沥青,浊流,L256井,埋深1 472.50 m,长9油层组"
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