According to the theory ofmobilism and the idea of“prototype basin controlling hydrocarbon sources and superimposition of basins controlling hydrocarbon accumulation”，we studied the formation and evolution of continentalmarginal and intracontinental basins during the geological histories of the ancient Chinese Continent，the ancientAsian Continent and the new Asian Continent，and probed the TSM basin modelingmethod for resource evaluation in Chinese relict Paleozoic marine basins.Vertically，3sets of source rocks including the Lower Cambrian，the Middle-o-Upper Ordovician-Lower Silurian and the Perm ian were developed in Chinese Paleozoic marine basins.The LowerCambrian source rockswere developed on the landside ofpassive continentalmargin，the Middle-to-Upper Ordovician-Lower Silurian ones in intraplatform depression and the Perm ian ones in intracontinental rifted-downwarping basins.Depressions on passive continentalmargin were themost favorable for developmentof source rocks.There aremainly two types of source rocks，namely carbonates and argillites.Through prototype basin-constrained quantitative mathematical modeling of geologic process-hydrocarbon responses，we performed network integration and appraisal of petroleum resource potential.The development of the Paleozoic marine prototype basins and their later superimposition and evolution as well as their petroleum significances are discussed.This method has been successfully applied to the appraisal of the Upper Paleozoic source rock potential in North China.