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Received：20 July 2019，
Published：28 June 2020
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渤海湾盆地高尚堡深层低渗透断块油藏油气资源丰富，储层实施压裂后，人工裂缝与天然裂缝构成的缝网系统控制着油藏的渗流。开展缝网系统及其主控因素分析，对于油藏压裂方案制定和开发效果提升具有重要意义。综合应用岩心、成像测井、地层倾角测井和微地震监测等资料，分析了高尚堡深层低渗透断块油藏天然裂缝、人工裂缝和地应力的发育特征，揭示了研究区缝网系统的分布模式和主控因素。结果表明：研究区天然裂缝较为发育，高角度构造剪切裂缝是其主要类型。裂缝在古近纪和新近纪末期两期构造作用下形成。发育有NEE-SWW向、NW-SE向和近EW向3组裂缝，其中以NEE-SWW向裂缝最为发育。现今最大水平主应力优势方位为N75°~85°E，受现今地应力影响，NEE-SWW向天然裂缝开度大，是油藏渗流的优势方位。人工裂缝近似为垂直缝，延伸的优势方位为N80°~90°E，平均缝长136 m，平均缝高17.4 m。高尚堡深层断块油藏缝网系统的分布模式受控于人工裂缝与地应力和天然裂缝的耦合关系，缝网系统的主要控制因素是天然裂缝、地应力和断层。
The deep-buried
low-permeability fault block reservoir has considerable petroleum resource potential in Gao-shangpu oilfield
Bohai Bay Basin.The fracture network composed of hydraulic fractures and natural fractures controls the seepage performance of reservoirs after hydraulic fracturing.Analysis of the fracture network and its controlling factors is of great significance to developing the reservoir fracturing scheme and improving the development performance.In the study
an integration of core observation
imaging logging
stratigraphic dip logging and micro seismic monitoring data is applied to describe the development characteristics of natural and hydraulic fractures
as well in-situ stress
and to reveal the distribution pattern and major controlling factors of the fracture network in the study area.Results show that the reservoirs herein feature well developed natural fractures with high-angle shear fractures as the primary type
and the natural fractures were mainly developed under tectonic events during the Paleogene and the Late Neogene.The fractures therein can be divided into 3 groups
striking to NEE-SWW
NW-SE and near E-W respectively
with the first group
NEE-SWW-striking fractures being dominant.The dominant direction of maximum horizontal principal stress is N75°-85°E at present.Consequently
the NEE-SWW-trending natural fractures have the biggest aperture and the highest permeability under in-situ stress
acting as the main seepage channels.Hydraulic fractures are approximately vertical
with a primary orientation of N80°-90°E
as well as an average length and height of 136 m and 17.4 m
respectively.The distribution pattern of fracture network in the deep-buried fault block reservoir in Gaoshangpu oilfield is controlled by the coupling of hydraulic fractures with in-situ stress and natural fractures
while the controlling factors of fracture network growth are natural fractures
in-situ stress
and faults.
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