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Received：15 July 2019，
Published：28 June 2020
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缝洞型碳酸盐岩油藏储集体类型多样，大型溶洞、溶孔及多尺度裂缝发育，储集体形态不规则、尺度差异大、连通性差，储层非均质性极强。大型溶洞是主要的储集空间，裂缝主要为渗流通道，油水分布复杂。目前基于地震资料解释的缝洞型储集体静态雕刻方法对油井地质储量评价的误差较大，且该静态方法无法评价其他油井参数和储层参数。利用油井实际生产数据，基于产量不稳定分析方法，提出了一种运用动态数据评价油井动态储量及其他储层参数和油井参数的新方法，即：将大尺度溶洞储集体模型视为大型溶洞与周围小尺度孔洞缝组成的多重介质复合模型，大型溶洞内的流体流动等效为自由流，周围复杂小尺度孔洞缝内流体流动等效为达西渗流，进而建立渗流-自由流耦合数学模型；通过求解获得缝洞体中油井的产量不稳定分析曲线，并进行各参数的敏感性分析。同时，经过规整化处理，构建归一化的Blasingame典型曲线图版，并通过图版的拟合最终建立储集体油井参数和储层参数的评价方法和流程。通过塔里木油田现场实际应用，验证了方法的可靠性和实用性，获得的储集体各项参数可评价油井生产动态及指导油藏下一步的合理开发部署。
The carbonate oil reservoirs of fractures and cavities are diverse in types with large-scale karst caverns
dissolved pores
and internal fractures of various scales.The reservoirs are characterized by extreme irregularity in morphology
large differences in scale
poor connectivity
resulting in extremely strong heterogeneity.Among others
large-scale karst caverns are the main reservoir type; fractures are the major seepage channels; and the contacts between oil and water layers are complicated.Currently
the static sculpturing of fractured-vuggy unit based on seismic interpretation usually results in large inconsistency in assessment of oil in place
and cannot be applied to evaluate other oil and reservoir parameters.To improve the accuracy in assessment
we propose a new method for the assessment of oil in place and other reservoir parameters by dynamic data based on actual production data and dynamic production analysis.In the new method
large-scale karst cavern reservoirs is simplified as a composite model of multi-porosity media with an integration of large-scale karst caverns and surrounding small-scale pores
cavities and cracks.The fluid flow in large-scale karst caverns is regarded as free flow
while that in the surrounding multi-porosity media is equivalent to Darcy flow
and then the corres-ponding mathematical model is built in coupling Darcy flow with free flow.Afterwards
the dynamic production curves and the parameter sensitivity analysis are obtained by solving the mathematical equation.Finally
the cross-plot of normalized Blasingame typical curves is built
and the fitting of the plot with actual production data solves well and reservoir parameters.The field application to the Tarim oilfield verifies the reliability and practicability of the newly-proposed method.And the parameters acquired can be applied to the assessment of dynamic oil production and to guide more reasonable infill well emplacement and recovery enhancement.
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