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Received：02 May 2020，
Published：28 April 2021
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玛扎塔格断裂带位于巴楚隆起东南缘，因其部分构造出露地表及其第四纪的强烈活动特征而广受关注，探讨玛扎塔格断裂带的几何学、运动学特征不仅可为探究巴楚隆起乃至塔里木盆地应力场演变特征提供依据，也可用于间接对比塔里木盆地各期应力场在该断裂带处的强度变化。结合地震资料和地表露头地层产状，利用深浅结合手段，刻画了玛扎塔格断裂带几何学特征，以三维建模技术建立了断面三维形态，最终利用平衡剖面恢复技术还原了断裂带构造演化过程。研究认为，玛扎塔格断裂带在剖面上整体表现为分层变形特征，沿断裂带走向剖面构造样式较为一致，地表露头构造为断裂带第四纪活动的结果，断裂带三维展布中可显著识别出各构造层断层面垂向叠置特征。玛扎塔格断裂带起因于早期基底形成的正断层薄弱带在早奥陶世发生反转，并在志留纪再次活动，在晚二叠世形成沿中寒武统底面滑脱断层，古近纪末期进一步活动；始新世早期，沿古近系底滑脱的新生界断层形成，并在中新世、上新世及第四纪持续性活动，将新生界逆冲至地表形成现今面貌。
The Mazartag fault zone at the southeastern margin of the Bachu Uplift has drawn wide attention because of its partial exposure and dents of intensive Quaternary activities.The study on the geometric and kinematical characteristics of the zone may provide a basis for exploring the evolution characteristics of the stress field in the Bachu Uplift and even the Tarim Basin
and also for an indirect observation of intensity variations of stress fields (of the basin) at the zone through various stages.The geometry of the Mazartag fault zone was then characterized and combined with seismic data and outcrop observation to establish 3D sections via 3D modeling
and to restore the evolution process with balanced section restoration.The results show that the Mazartag fault zone is characterized by layered deformation and the structural style along the fault zone is relatively consistent.The outcrops are shaped by the Quaternary activities.Vertical overlapping fault planes of each structural layer are easily identified in the 3D sections.All these suggest that the Mazartag fault zone was initially a weak normal fault zone formed in the basement that then went through the Early Ordovician inversion
Silurian reactivation
and Late Permian decollement along the bottom of the Middle Cambrian in succession.At the end of the Paleogene
the zone was activated further and started to form the Cenozoic decollement fault zone along the Paleogene in the early Eocene.The decollement faults have been active from the early Eocene
Miocene
Pliocene to Quaternary
and thrusted the Cenozoic strata to the surface to take the present relief.
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