最新刊期
卷 7 ， 期 1 ， 1986
- 摘要：Usually there are three kinds of fluid inclusions in Tertiary sedimentary rocks in Qaidam Basin:primary,secondary and hereditary.Among them the most important information for oil and gas exploration are provided by primary fluid inclusions formed in diagenetic stage.The pressure measurement of the inclusions indicates that there is an abnormal high pressure body in the lower Ganchaigou Formation in the south part of the western Qaidam Basin.Oil pools of the red beds just preserved in this body.The reservoir voids are mainly residual primary pores and non-fractured secondary pores in sandstone.So many pores could be preserved because the abnormal high pressure of pore fluids keep quartz and feldspar from pressure-solution and the impermeable beds block the outside siliceous solution source.So the quartz and feldspar can not overgrow.Oil composition show that source rocks are mainly lateral lacustrine synchronous deposits of the red beds,while oil from overlying and underlying source rocks can not enter the trap in large quantity.According to the temperature determination of fluid inclutions,the oil generated and entered the trap when paleotemperature was 78℃.It is 26℃ lower than the threshold temperature calculated formerly.If other conditions remained constant,the quantity of oil generated in western Qaidam Basin should be much more than that calculated.The time of generation,migration and accumulation of oil and gas might start approximately from the Late Miocene and continued to the Late Pliocene.To compare the sedimentary characters of the southern part with that of the northern part of the western Qaidam Basin,one can see that the formation of abnormal high pressure is mainly due to easy closing of the small deltaic sandstone bodies and the diluvial sandstones and conglomerates within lacustrine mudstones,thus the pressure could be accumulated by rapid deposition of overlying sediments and differential compaction.Accordingly,the most favourable areas for oil and gas prospecting in red beds in western Qaidam Basin must be paleolacustrine area,and the west and south sides of the area.As for the east and north parts,it is better to pay attention to the areas where secondary pores are well developed and/or discontinued sandstone beds are existed.595|402|0更新时间：2023-05-30
- 摘要：An in situ field survey of the reflectance of ground objects was made inYining Basin,Xinjiang Autonomous Region.Correspondence analysis of data(reflectance of 93 groud objects in 4 wave bands)obtained in the surveywas taken by computer.The objects in the basin can be divided into 4 kinds,i.e.water body,snow,vegetation,rock-sand-soil.The reflection spectrumsof the objects are correlative with false-colour synthetic pictures.Some naturalfactors,such as the humidity of soil,the weathering of rock outcrops arebound to have certain influence on the reflection spectrum features.563|374|0更新时间：2023-05-30
- 摘要：The main oil-generation region of Jizhong depression,including Gu'an,Baxian,Raoyang,Shenxian and Shulu sags,was a unified oil-generation depression during the Eocene and Early-Middle Oliocene.The basement rocks of the depression were cut into a series of rhombic or semi-rhombic fault blocks with uplifts and depressions by fractures due to multi-tectonic movements.These fractures are normal faults in profiles,but have echelon arrangement,shear displacement,branching fractures and dragging structures on the horizantal plane,showing that most of the faults were formed by shearing stress.This is further proved by anticlines,synclines and even the echelon arrangement of higher-order structures.The compressive structurt in the present area are complicated by tensil or tensil-shearing fractures.This kind of geological phenomena suggests that these structures are characterized by both directions of clockwise and anti-clockwise and compresive and shearing mechanical properties.The study on the history of tectonic development indicates that the extention of the depression took place during the deposition period,thus formed mid-small dextal structures;the contraction of the depression occurred in the discordant period,and formed sinistral structures.This kind of sinistral and dextral shearings have happend alternatively for many times ever since the Tertiary,and finally formed a huge structural complex with buried-hill as its main body.The reversal motions led to multi-migration,extenct distribution and the best enrichment of hydrocarbon.592|392|0更新时间：2023-05-30
- 摘要：Triassic system is mainly distributed in Kuqa,Awat-Mangar depressions and locally in the north Tarim fault-block uplift.In the north part of Kuqa depression and the east part of Awat-Magar depression,Triassic sediments are found to be 2000m and 1250m thick respectively.Through a detailed investigation,the Triassic sediments revealed by wells of Yuecan-1,Shacan-1 and Acan-1 are termed the"Mangar Group"(Tmn).This group can be further divided into 3 formations and 7 sporo-pollen assemblages.Among them,dark rocks become thicker from west to east,accordingly their geochemical indices are more favourable for oil generation,and kerogen of which had reached low mature stage.Crude oil collected from well Shacan-2 contains Triassic sporopollon.Thus Triassic sediments in north Tarim are considerably important source rocks,and Mangar depression should be a favourable broad region for oil generation. The author suggests that north Tarim fault-block uplift located at the higher part between Kuqa and Awat-Mangar depressions,is favourable for oil accumulation and migration.Paleozoic anticlines existed in the fault-block uplift and in the northern margin of Awat-Mangar depression may be the hydrocarbon enrichment zones.608|458|0更新时间：2023-05-30
- 摘要：Observation and electronscanning of rock slices and core samples in 8th district,Karamay oilfield,have the following characters:1.Complicated petrofabric——coarse and fine matrices,five kinds of grainsupported framworks and four types of grain contact.2.Violent mechanical compaction——grain deformation,intra-grain fissures and false matrices.3.Well developed authigenic minerals——three series of zeolites,calcites and chlorites.Based on the occurrence and origin of the authigenic minerals,the relationship between pore evolution and diagenesis processes,the conglomerate are in immatured and semi-matured diagenesis,mechanical and chemical compaction greatly decreased primary porosity,but the de-analcitization resulted in a large amount of secondary corrosion pores,and then,the chlorite grown inpores apparently blocked the throats,thus reduced the permeability of the conglomerate.Two diagenesis processes are discriminated:the ductile tuffaceous clastic conglomerate with a few secondary corrosion evolved into nonreservoir,where as conglomerates composed of compression-resistant neutral and acidic lava clastics with much more secondary pores,developed into effective reservoir.558|410|0更新时间：2023-05-30
- 摘要：Based on the data of steranes and terpanes of 17 source rock samples and 6 crude oil samples collected from Biyang depression,Nanxiang Basin,the authors considered that crude oil produced from middle-depth reservoirs or reservoirs buried shallower than threshold-depth(2100m)were migrated from middle depth source rocks.But the former is mainly in a state of lateral migration within a short distance;while the later is upwards primarily.Crude oil buried in a greater depth was generated from much more deeper source rocks,and bound to migrate for a long distance.558|731|0更新时间：2023-05-30
- 摘要：Hailar Basin,located on the west side of Da Hinggan Ling,is a fault depression laid upon the folded basement of Hercynian movement with a area of 70480km2.Fluviatile and lacustrine deposits of the Jurassic Jalai Nut Group(J3zl)are up to 5300m thick with 7 sags in which their formation thicknesses are thicker than 3000m.The 1000-2000m thick Damoguaihe Formation of the Jalai Nut Group(J3d)is considered to be the maim source bed in which 400-600m thick source rocks are found.Their organic carbon is 2.148%,chloroform bitumen A 791ppm,and total hydrocarbon 379ppm.Based on hydrocarbon productivity,vitrinite reflectance and the n-alkane distribution,the oil generation threshold here is 1500m,and the peak is 3500m.Now commercial oil flow is obtained from sandstone reservoirs.5 kinds of traps,i.e. structural,stratigraphic,lithologic,buried-hill and volcanic traps could be found,and petroleum prospects is brilliant.565|607|0更新时间：2023-05-30
- 摘要：In consideration of the high heterogeneity of carbonate reservoirs in the Wumishan Formation,the division criterion between reservoir and non-reservoir is taken,to some extent,as an important factor in evaluation of valuable thickness of a reservoir.Statistical data between residual oil Saturation and porosity in rock samples show that,they are generally in normal correlation and may probably reflect the oil abundance of the underground reservoir rocks,and just so,in 90% of non-petroliferous cores,the porosity is less than 2%,permeability less than 1mD.As the porosity and average size of pores are negatively correlated,it is revealed by capillary pressure curve that the porosity of the unpermeable samples is less than 2%(73%),and the average size of pores is more than 12.3φ(76%),the related throat diameter less than 0.21μm.According to electrical log,rocks with GR greater than 3μR/h,the porosity is only 1%,and the permeability is less than 1mD.Based on the measurement of downhole outflow and oil production test,wells with oil output less than 1t per day should be considered to non-reservoirs.The statistic results show that non-reservoirs'GR≥3μR/h,and NG>5.1con.u.So the authors suggest that porosity is 2%,permeability is 1mD and GR>3μR/h,NG>5.1 condition unit should be taken as the dividing criterion between reservoir and non-reservoir.785|541|0更新时间：2023-05-30
- 摘要：Lots of fossil spore and pollen grains are obtained from Zk1,Zk6 and Zk7 wells in Nanling Basin,Anhui Province.The Paleogene sporo-pollen may be divided into 4 assemblages in ascendant order:1.The Quercoidites microhenrici-Q.herici-Ulmipollenites-Rhoipites assemblagein the second member of the Shuangta group of the Upper Paleocene-Lower Eocene is characterized by the dominance of Fagaceae and Ulmaceae,showing a vegetational landscape of the broad leaf forest and a little dry tropicalsubtropical climate.2.The Ulmipollenites-Quercoidites-Taxodiaceaepollenites-Pterisisporites assemblage in the third member of the Shuangta Group of the Middle and Upper Eocene is dominanted by angiospermae,indicating a vegetational landscape of the coniferous and broad lear mixed forest,showing warm-hot and a little dry southern subtropical climate.3.The Pinuspollenites-Laricoidites-Taxodiaceaepollenites-Ulmipollenites assemblage in the lower part of the fourth member of the Shuangta Group of the Lower Oligocene is dominanted by Txodiaceae,Pinaceae and Laricoidites,which represents the coniferous and broad leaf mixed forest of warm and moist subtropical climate.4.The Ulmipollenites-Taxodiaceaepollenites-Quercoidites assemblage in the upper part of the fourth member of the Shuangta Gooup of the Middle and Upper Oligocene is dominented by the deciduous broad leaved trees,showing a vegetational landscape of the coniferous and broad leaf mixed forest in a warm and humid northern subtropical climate.597|756|0更新时间：2023-05-30
- 摘要：Relative contents of ferrodolomite in source rocks identified by Mössbauer effect can be used to deduce the maturity of source rocks.22 samples collected from 3 drill holes in Jurong County,Jiangsu Province,the Middle-Lower Triassic,Permian and Lower Silurian in age,are studied with this technique.The results suggest that Middle Triassic sediments are immatured or lowmatured source rocks,the ferrodolomite of them could hardly be found or found in the bottom,whereas Lower Triassic sediments are matured,the ratio of the iron contents of ferrodolomite to total iron increases with the increases of burial depth of the formation,and the ratio of mudstone samples is lower than that of limestone samples.As for the Lower Siluriam,Lower Permiam and the coal-series of the lower part of Upper Permian,the dolomite contents are naught possibly in relation to that they are supermatured.556|441|0更新时间：2023-05-30
- 摘要：Qaidam Basin began to develop after Indosinian movement.During the Jurassic-Eocene,the basin was small,confined within mountain fronts,and in the Oligocene-Miocene,the whole basin subsided,thus formed a huge depression.In the Pliocene-Quaternary,it uplifted and folded slowly.It is clear that the main period of subsiding and folding of the basin was generally synchronized with the intense uplifting of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.originated with the northward compression of India Plate.The basin's evolution process has revealed itself in a roughly N-S compression stress field.The strong compression force and increasingly depositing load resulted in a variation of lithofacies in the lower part of the earth's crust,i.e.,rock density becomes heavier and heavier,then the crust began to sank and formed a huge depression basin.The uplift of the basin in its late evolution may relate to the expansion of the former rocks which changed from eclogite into gabbronitc resulted from the exothermic reaction of radioele-ments under the huge sedimental cover.The folds and overthrusts were formed appearently due to continuous compression.It is shown by crusta depth measurement that a abnormal velocity layer of 7.8km/sec of P wave can be found within the basin which is between the crust and the mantle.This may be the resuIt of lithofacies variation.496|403|0更新时间：2023-05-30
- 摘要：Prof.Zhang Wenyou(1909-1985)graduated in Beijing University in 1934.After graduation,he engaged in the research of basic geology and mineral resources under the direction of Prof.Li Siguang.In 1945-1947,he went to W Europe and N America on a tour of study and investigation,and in 1953,he again went to the Soviet Union on academic research.Through many years of geological research,he drew the essence of geomechanics and tranditional geology and creatively developed a new theory of fault-block tectonics.Based on this theory,he presided many major geological researches and made significant contributions in tectonics,and seismogeology,as well as in the geoexploration guidance of oil,gas,coal and other mineral resources.He led the compilation of the first tectonic map of China(1/5000000;1959)and the continental and marine tectonic map of China and its neighbouring regions(1/5000000;1983).His representative works—Guidance of Fault Block Tectonics—was written in his late years.586|379|0更新时间：2023-05-30
- 摘要：由国家经委、地质矿产部和煤炭工业部一行五人组成的煤成气考察团,以煤层甲烷形成的地质条件和勘探方法为重点,对美国进行了为期三周的考察。其间,听取了美国地质调查所、美国矿业局匹茨堡研究中心、TRW 勘探和生产公司、科罗拉多矿业学院等11个单位的专家关于煤成气的形成机理、储集特征、资源评价方法以及矿井甲烷抽放技术和钻探工具的介绍,参观了美国地调所丹佛地球化学实验室,并赴落基山区皮申斯(Piceance)盆地东南部及圣胡安(San Juan)盆地北部进行了野外地质观察。565|471|0更新时间：2023-05-30
- 摘要：世界海洋陆架区面积约2800万平方公里,近海含油气盆地约1600万平方公里。其中具有开发远景的面积达500多万平方公里。据有关资料估算,海洋石油蕴藏量1)1300—1500亿吨,占世界石油总储量的2/5;而目前已探明储量约270亿吨,占世界石油探明总储量的1/3.5。海洋天然气蕴藏量为140万亿立方米,探明储量约96万亿立方米。迄今已发现820多个海洋含油气盆地,共计1600多个油气田,其中大型、特大型油气田150多个。636|429|0更新时间：2023-05-30
- 摘要：It is documented that China had its own oil wells already in 980 AD.Because,oil wells drilled in Yanchang County,northern Shaanxi Province,were recorded in"Peaceful Miscellanea"by Li Fang,etc.of the North Song Dynasty(the book was written in 980 AD).Oil wells in counties of(now called)Yanchang,Yanchuan and Yijun,etc.Shaanxi Province,were also written down in"The Central Annals of the Yuan Dynasty"by Bo Lanxi,etc.The recorded history of these oil wells is 300,235 years earlier respectively than that of oil and brine-bearing wells in Jiazhou region noted down then by Cao Xuequan in"Miscellanea of Central Sichuan".Furthermore,the publication of the book"Peaceful Miscellanea"is about 100 years earlier than that or"Mengxi Sketches and Notes"of Shen Kuo,thus the term of"petroleum"was not initiated by Shen Kuo.487|363|0更新时间：2023-05-30
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