三角洲沉积的物理模拟

王俊辉; 姜在兴; 张元福; 高丽明; 魏小洁; 张文昭

层序与储层 | 浏览量 : 0 下载量: 1113 CSCD: 0

PDF
导出
分享
收藏
专辑

三角洲沉积的物理模拟
Physical simulation of deltaic deposits
2013年34卷第6期页码：758-764
纸质出版：2013
DOI：
稿件说明：

移动端阅览

王俊辉, 姜在兴, 张元福, 等. 三角洲沉积的物理模拟[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2013,34(6):758-764. DOI：

王俊辉, 姜在兴, 张元福, et al. Physical simulation of deltaic deposits[J]. 2013, 34(6): 758-764. DOI：

摘要

为进一步清晰地认识三角洲的沉积特征及砂体发育规律

利用水槽实验对三角洲的发育过程进行了物理模拟

追踪了河口坝、分流河道和滑动-滑塌砂体的沉积过程与沉积特征。通过观察与分析

认为三角洲生长是多次侵蚀与沉积交替的结果

其中洪水期侵蚀作用小于沉积作用

表现为"填低补平";枯水期侵蚀作用大于沉积作用

表现为"削高填低"。河口坝的发育从水下浅滩开始

按照向前—垂向—向后—横向的顺序进行生长

并且存在单个河口坝的多级分流与多列河口坝的同时分流两种分流方式。三角洲平原河道演变包括河流改道与分流两种方式

分别与洪水和河口坝有关。洪水事件可以作为三角洲前缘滑动-滑塌沉积的触发因素。三角洲是河流搬运、卸载与蓄水体接受、改造沉积物动态变化过程中的产物

在此过程中形成沉积坡折带

它是优质储层发育的有利场所。

Abstract

In order to fully understand the sedimentary characteristics of deltaic deposits and the development patterns of associated sand bodies

this paper presents a physical simulation of delta development through flume experiment and introduces the experiment results in respects of sedimentary process and characteristics of distributary channels

mouth bars

and slide-slump deposits. The experiment reveals that the development of delta is an alternating process of deposition and erosion. Deposition is dominant in flood season when distributary channels carry a heavy sediment load

while erosion is dominant in non-flood season. The growth of mouth bars initiates from an underwater shoal in an order of forward

upward

backward and transverse. In addition

there are two modes of bifurcation

i. e. multi-stage bifurcation by one mouth bar and simultaneous bifurcation by multiple mouth bars. The channels on a deltaic plain may evolve in two modes

i. e. redirection and diversion

which are related with flood and mouth bar respectively. Flood events could be the trigger of delta front slideslump deposits. Deltas are formed in the process of sediment transportation and sedimentation determined by the interaction of alluvial and basinal dynamics. In this process

sedimentary slope break is formed

which is favorable for the development of high quality reservoirs.

关键词

Keywords

references

张春生著.碎屑岩沉积模拟技术[M].石油工业出版社,2003.

姜在兴主编.沉积学[M].石油工业出版社,2003.

Chris Paola,Kyle Straub,David Mohrig,Liam Reinhardt.The “unreasonable effectiveness” of stratigraphic and geomorphic experiments[J].Earth Science Reviews,2009(1).

G. POSTMA,M. G. KLEINHANS,P. TH. MEIJER,J. T. EGGENHUISEN.Sediment transport in analogue flume models compared with real‐world sedimentary systems: a new look at scaling evolution of sedimentary systems in a flume[J].Sedimentology,2008.

D. B. Prior,Z. -S. Yang,B. D. Bornhold,G. H. Keller,N. Z. Lu,W. J. Wiseman,L. D. Wright,J. Zhang.Active slope failure, sediment collapse, and silt flows on the modern subaqueous Huanghe (Yellow River) delta[J].Geo-Marine Letters,1986(2).

谭先锋,田景春,黄建红,林小兵,马建伟.陆相碎屑岩旋回沉积记录中的物质响应及聚集规律——以济阳坳陷王家岗地区古近系孔店组为例[J].石油与天然气地质,2013(03).

封从军,鲍志东,单启铜,孙萌思,于世岩,段宏臻.三角洲平原复合分流河道内部单砂体划分——以扶余油田中区南部泉头组四段为例[J].石油与天然气地质,2012(01).

徐强,王英民,吕明,王丹,李冬,王永凤.陆架边缘三角洲在层序地层格架中的识别及其意义——以南海白云凹陷为例[J].石油与天然气地质,2011(05).

吴因业,朱如凯,罗平,袁选俊,候连华,张天舒.沉积学与层序地层学研究新进展——第18届国际沉积学大会综述[J].沉积学报,2011(01).

李敏,朱红涛,郭巧珍,黄胜兵.沉积物理模拟技术进展及发展趋势[J].地质科技情报,2010(04).

高涛,李广雪,史经昊,刘杰.A flume test on erosion mechanism for an abandoned section of the Huanghe(Yellow)River Delta[J].Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology,2010(03).

刘晖,操应长,徐涛玉,曲长胜.沉积坡折带控砂的模拟实验研究[J].山东科技大学学报(自然科学版),2007(01).

张关龙,陈世悦,鄢继华,姜在兴,宋国奇,邱桂强.三角洲前缘滑塌浊积体形成过程模拟[J].沉积学报,2006(01).

尹延鸿,周永青,丁东.现代黄河三角洲海岸演化研究[J].海洋通报,2004(02).

张春生,刘忠保,施冬,张吉来,王德玉,朱广社,马永宁.砂质扇三角洲沉积过程实验研究[J].江汉石油学院学报,2003(02).

张春生,刘忠保,施冬,贾爱林.扇三角洲形成过程及演变规律[J].沉积学报,2000(04).

张春生,刘忠保,施冬,贾爱林.碎屑物理模拟研究的理论与方法[J].石油与天然气地质,2000(04).

张春生,刘忠保,施冬,程启贵,张荣彬,马超亚.三角洲分流河道及河口坝形成过程的物理模拟[J].地学前缘,2000(03).

刘忠保，赖志云，汪崎生.湖泊三角洲砂体形成及演变的水槽实验初步研究[J].石油实验地质,1995(01).

赖志云，周维.舌状三角洲和鸟足状三角洲形成及演变的沉积模拟实验[J].沉积学报,1994(02).