Abstract In view of some tendencies in geological study

the thinking and method relating to two basic problems-research start point and scientific observation are discussed in this paper.Research start point is essentially a problem of inheritance.The setting of start point should be based on the scope and depth of scientific and technical document study

and this is the key problem of setting start point.Scientific and technical documents can not replace researches' thinking

but can give them inspiration.Only be good at using the documents can one stand on the top of subject's present level to determine new research thinking

to adopt new method

set new thinking direction and new start point.Scientific observation is the conbination of sensation and thinking.The key of efficient observation includes selective observation and finding problem from minuteness.Sponteneous observation and induced observation are two inseparable links.Unexpected phenomena that result in induced observation usually lead to new discovery and unexpected achievements.So be good at finding out differences is the nucleus of the observation.