异常高有机质沉积富集过程与元素地球化学特征

邱振; 韦恒叶; 刘翰林; 邵男; 王玉满; 张磊夫; 张琴

doi:10.11743/ogg20210414

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异常高有机质沉积富集过程与元素地球化学特征
Accumulation of sediments with extraordinary high organic matter content: Insight gained through geochemical characterization of indicative elements
2021年42卷第4期页码：931-948
收稿：2021-04-27，

纸质出版：2021-08-28
DOI： 10.11743/ogg20210414
稿件说明：

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邱振, 韦恒叶, 刘翰林, 等. 异常高有机质沉积富集过程与元素地球化学特征[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2021,42(4):931-948. DOI： 10.11743/ogg20210414.

Zhen Qiu, Hengye Wei, Hanlin Liu, et al. Accumulation of sediments with extraordinary high organic matter content: Insight gained through geochemical characterization of indicative elements[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2021, 42(4): 931-948. DOI： 10.11743/ogg20210414.

摘要

非常规油气甜点段形成与有机质沉积富集过程密切相关，特别是页岩油气，它们所赋存或与之紧密联系的细粒沉积岩中总有机碳含量（

TOC

）一般大于3.0%。提出

TOC

含量≥3.0%的细粒沉积（物）岩称为异常高有机质沉积，以及异常高有机质沉积富集的概念性假设，并指出高的初级生产力水平是其形成的前提和决定性因素，缺氧的水体环境更易形成大规模异常高有机质沉积。基于对有机质沉积聚集过程相关元素的生物地球化学循环特征解剖，以四川盆地五峰组-龙马溪组为例，深入探讨高精度元素地球化学数据约束条件下的异常高有机质沉积富集过程，证实了异常高有机质沉积富集的概念性假设，并得出它们的形成是水体表层高的初级生产力及其与水体循环共同控制着的氧化还原条件这两大因素动态演化的结果。异常高有机质沉积富集过程的研究有助于深化对页岩油气甜点段形成机理的认识，是非常规油气沉积学的重要研究内容之一，可为非常规油气资源勘探开发提供重要理论支撑。

Abstract

Organic matter (OM) accumulation plays a key role in the development of sweet spots in unconventional oil and gas plays

especially in shale. Fine-grained sedimentary rocks containing or associated with sweet spots generally have

TOC

content of higher than 3.0%. We define these sediments or sedimentary rocks with

TOC

≥ 3.0% as the extraordinary high organic matter (EHOM) deposits

and propose conceptual hypotheses for the accumulation process of EHOM. We suggest that high primary productivity provides prerequisites for OM accumulation and that the anoxia is prone to enhance large scale accumulation of EHOM. We use the Wufeng-Longmaxi formations in the Sichuan Basin to carry out a case study for the discussion on the elemental bio-geochemical cycles during the EHOM accumulation processes. The conceptual hypothesis for EHOM enrichments constrained by elementary geochemistry is verified. Our result shows that the EHOM enrichment in the Wufeng-Longmaxi formations was the results of dynamic

evolutions of the high primary productivity and the redox conditions jointly controlled by high primary productivity and water circulation. As one of the research targets of unconventional petroleum sedimentology

this study could help better understanding the forming mechanism of the "sweet-spots" and further support unconventional petroleum exploration and development.

关键词

Keywords

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