收稿：2020-06-08，
纸质出版：2021-10-28
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确定菱形注采井网的合理注采井距和井排比，是低渗透各向异性油藏实现储量有效动用和注采均衡驱替开发部署设计的关键。基于一般低渗透油藏特点，建立了考虑启动压力梯度和渗透率各向异性影响的渗流方程，利用经典渗流力学理论，得到了菱形反九点井网注采单元中渗流场分布的解析解；基于注采单元中平面渗流速度变化的分析，提出了评价储量有效动用状况的方法，得到了不同条件下低渗透各向异性油藏储量动用变化规律及主要影响因素；以满足注采单元中“有效动用范围要求和均衡驱替系数最大”为优化目标，建立了低渗透各向异性油藏菱形反九点井网优化的计算模型，实现了菱形井网合理井距和最佳井排比的联立优化求解。实例分析表明，根据建立的低渗透各向异性油藏菱形井网优化设计方法，可以得到适合油藏实际条件和满足开发要求的合理井距和最佳井排比，为此类油藏的有效开发和注采井网的优化部署提供了科学依据。
Determining a well array with reasonable spacing for flooding in rhomboid well pattern
is the key to achieving effective development of reserves and well emplacement for equilibrium displacement development in regular low-permeability anisotropic reservoirs.Based on the characteristics of low-permeability reservoirs
we establish a seepage equation considering the influence of threshold pressure gradient and permeability anisotropy.Classical seepage mechanics is applied to obtain an analytical solution for the seepage field distribution in flooding unit of the rhomboid inverted nine-point well pattern.In turn
a method for evaluating the producing reserve is proposed in line with the analysis of the lateral seepage velocity variation in the flooding unit
and the main factors influencing and rules of producing reserve variation in low-permeability anisotropic reservoirs at different conditions are obtained.At last
a calculation model for optimizing the rhomboid inverted nine-point well pattern is built with the ultimate optimization purpose of meeting "requirement on effective producing reserve range and maximum equilibrium displacement coefficient"
and a simultaneous optimization for the best well array with reasonable spacing in this pattern is achieved.Case analysis shows that the rhomboid well pattern optimization design method for low-permeability anisotropic reservoirs can be applied to obtain the best well array with reasonable spacing in line with the actual conditions of the reservoir and the development requirements.The design in all
is of scientific basis to the effective development of reservoirs and optimal emplacement of well patterns.
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