分子采油的概念、方法及展望
Concept, method and prospect of molecular oil recovery
- 2023年44卷第1期 页码:195-202
收稿:2022-08-02,
修回:2022-11-18,
纸质出版:2023-02-01
DOI: 10.11743/ogg20230116
移动端阅览
收稿:2022-08-02,
修回:2022-11-18,
纸质出版:2023-02-01
移动端阅览
分子层面的认识与控制已成为现代科学技术发展的一种必然趋势,但在油气田开发领域还未引起足够重视。基于分子模拟取得的一些成果和认识,首次提出了分子采油(分子采气)的概念,并对其内涵、现状和发展趋势进行了分析。国内外其他学者在表面活性剂驱油、聚合物驱油及CO
2
-EOR等方面也取得了一些相关研究成果,在一定程度上丰富了分子采油的内涵。依靠以分子动力学和量子化学计算为代表的分子模拟技术,结合以色谱、光谱、质谱与核磁共振等为代表的现代实验技术,从分子层面深化认识稠油致黏机制和降黏机理,阐明油气分子在岩石表面的吸附、解吸附及滑移特征,提出了基于分子采油的新机理,设计了更具针对性的降黏剂、驱油剂、调堵剂及其他助剂材料分子结构。预计以分子模拟方法为基础的分子采油技术将在化学驱油机理、热采机理、CO
2
驱机理、低矿化度水驱机理、页岩油气开采机理及天然气水合物开采机理等方面带来革命性的进步,为油气高效开采方法提供理论支撑。
The understanding and control at molecular level has become an inevitable trend in the development of modern science and technology, but it has not attracted enough attention in the field of oil and gas development. Based on some achievements and understandings of molecular simulation, this paper puts forward the concept of molecular oil recovery (molecular gas recovery) for the first time, and analyzes its connotation, current situation and development trend. Relevant research achievements in surfactant flooding, polymer flooding and CO
2
-EOR have been documented and enriched the connotation of molecular oil recovery to a certain extent. Relying on molecular simulation technology represented by molecular dynamics and quantum chemical calculation combined with modern experimental technology represented by chromatography, spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, and nuclear magnetic resonance, etc., it is possible to deepen the understanding of the mechanism of viscosity formation and viscosity reduction of heavy oil, and the characteristics of oil and gas adsorption, desorption and slippage on rock surface from the molecular level. In this way, a new mechanism based on molecular oil recovery is proposed, and the molecular structures of more targeted viscosity reducer, oil displacement agent, plugging agent and other auxiliary materials are designed. Molecular oil recovery technology based on molecular simulation methods is expected to bring revolutionary advances to the research of chemical oil displacement mechanism, thermal recovery mechanism, CO
2
displacement mechanism, low salinity water displacement mechanism, shale oil and gas exploitation mechanism and natural gas hydrate exploitation mechanism, etc., providing theoretical support for efficient oil and gas recovery methods.
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