深水水道沉积内幕级次划分与精细刻画
Hierarchical division and fine architectural depiction of the interior of deep-water channel deposits
- 2023年44卷第3期 页码:553-564
收稿:2023-02-04,
修回:2023-04-01,
纸质出版:2023-06-01
DOI: 10.11743/ogg20230303
移动端阅览
收稿:2023-02-04,
修回:2023-04-01,
纸质出版:2023-06-01
移动端阅览
深水水道是一类重要的深水油气储集体,因其沉积过程复杂、沉积相带多变,亟待建立一种深水水道沉积内幕的级次划分与精细刻画方法。基于不同深水水道的发育特点,提出了一套基于三维地震资料刻画评价深水水道沉积内幕级次的方法。当待评价深水水道发育、可见水道复合体系底界面时,可采用“三界面-六相带”沉积内幕解析方法,即依据3类地质界面(水道沉积体系底界面、水道复合体系底界面和沉积相带分界面)将这类深水水道划分为6个沉积相带(底部滞留、轴部充填、轴部侧翼沉积、滑塌碎屑流沉积、天然堤和水道泥)。当拟评价深水水道不发育、可见水道复合体系底界面时,可采用“两界面-两相带”沉积内幕解析方法,即依据2类地质界面(水道沉积体系底界面和天然堤顶、底界面)将这类深水水道划分为2个沉积相带(水道充填和天然堤)。其中,“六相带”中的底部滞留和轴部充填以及“两相带”中的水道充填可形成优质油气储集体,其富砂性可依据它们的顶凸程度来辨别(当发育可见的顶凸地震反射外形时相对富砂,反之则相对富泥)。利用“三界面-六相带”法和“两界面-两相带”法对琼东南盆地某深水水道进行解剖,结果发现它们可以较好地对深水水道沉积内幕进行级次划分与精细刻画,表明该方法在其他地区也具备实用性,具有一定的工业应用前景。
Deep-water channel deposits are of an important type of deep-water hydrocarbon reservoirs. Given their complicated depositional processes and variable facies, it is urgent to establish a method for the hierarchy division and fine architectural depiction of the interior of deep-water channel deposits. The study proposes an efficient method to characterize and evaluate the interior hierarchy of deep-water channel deposits by using seismic data while considering the characteristics of diverse deep-water channel deposits. If the bottom boundary of seismically resolvable channel-complex set is recognized, the methodology of “three boundaries plus six facies belts” can be applied to hierarchical division and fine architectural depiction of the interior of deep-water channel deposits. According to three types of geological interfaces (i.e., the bottom boundary of channel sedimentation system, the bottom boundary of channel-complex set, and the interface of sedimentary facies belts), six facies belts (including basal lags, axial fills, marginal fills, slumps and debris flows, levee, turbidite mud) can be delineated in this type of deep-water channels. While, if not, the methodology of “two boundaries plus two facies belts” can be used, where two facies belts (i.e. channel fills and levee) can be delineated by two kinds of boundaries (i.e. bottom boundary of channel sedimentation system and boundary of levee) in this type of deep-water channel deposits. “Basal lags and axial fills of the six facies belts” and “channel fills of the two facies belts”, among others, could have quality reservoirs developed, the sand-rich property of which can be recognized by top convexity (that is, relatively sand-rich property indicated when the top convex seismic reflection is visible, and relatively mud-rich property when this is invisible). Applying the methodology of “three boundaries plus six facies belts” and “two boundaries plus two facies belts” in the investigation of the deep-water channel deposits in the Qiongdongnan Basin, we can conclude that it could better achieve the hierarchical division and architectural depiction of the interior of deep-water channel deposits. This also shows that the methodology can be applied to deep-water channel deposits in other regions, and is promising in industrial application.
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