渤海海域渤中凹陷中生界火山机构地质模式及建造过程

doi:10.11743/ogg20230312

Abstract

Abstract:

Fine depiction of volcanic edifices is of great value to mapping volcanic reservoirs. A variety of volcanic edifices under fierce later modification are developed in the Mesozoic of the Bozhong Sag， Bohai Sea. There is， however， a lack of documents on the types， structure and construction process of the volcanic edifices in the area at present. The data of core observation， logging and seismic interpretation are applied to divide the Mesozoic volcanic edifices in the Bohai Sea into four types， that is， lava dome， stratovolcano， pyroclastic sheet and shield volcano. The study serves to depict the eruptive units， lithology and lithofacies within the four types of volcanic edifices， with a geological model established and based on the morphological characteristics and internal structure， the diagrams of four types are built to show the volcanic construction processes. Among others， the lava dome characterized by a high aspect ratio is composed of thick-bedded acidic lava of massive structure within； the stratovolcano widely seen in the Bohai Bay Basin and large in scale is mound-shaped in terms of external morphology， smaller than the lava domes in terms of aspect ratio， and characterized by complex lithological types， most of which are of alternating lava and pyroclastic rocks； and the shield volcano is of gentle low-mound shape， and mainly composed of basic rocks， featuring low-viscosity magma and large flow range， resulting in large-scale volcanic edifices of sheet-like structures inside to a large extent. The pyroclastic sheet is in the shape of sheet and filling， with very small aspect ratio and layered structure caused by multi-stage eruption and superimposition. In addition， the comparison of the physical properties of different volcanic edifices shows that the reservoirs of lava dome and stratovolcano types in the study area are of the best physical properties， which can be viewed as favorable targets for future oil/gas exploration， followed by the pyroclastic sheet and then the shield volcano coming at the worst.

Key words: reservoir characteristics, construction process, volcanic edifice, Mesozoic volcanic rock, Bozhong Sag, Bohai Sea

CLC Number:

TE122.2

Xuanlong SHAN, Wei WANG, Xintao ZHANG, Jian YI, Chunqiang XU, Junpei YUE, Pengcheng LIU, Mao FU. Geological model and construction process of the Mesozoic volcanic edifices in Bozhong Sag， Bohai Sea[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2023, 44(3): 675-688.

Figures/Tables 10

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火山机构类型	形态特征	规模			岩性、岩相构成	结构特征
火山机构类型	形态特征	厚度/m	直径/km	纵/横比	岩性、岩相构成	近源	中源	远源
熔岩穹丘	高纵/横比，丘状	1 300～1 600	2.2～4.4	0.30～0.72	侵出相（中-酸性熔岩85 % ~ 95 %，火山碎屑岩5 % ~ 10 %）	块状熔岩、自碎角砾岩	溢流相熔岩流、火山碎屑坡积物	空落火山碎屑堆积、火山沉积岩
复合层火山	低纵/横比，丘状	2 100～3 000	6.2～8.9	0.24～0.48	爆发相、溢流相互层（中-酸性熔岩50 %～60 %，火山碎屑岩30 %～40 %），主要以中-酸性熔岩为主，包括少量基性岩	自碎角砾岩、熔岩碎屑岩互层	火山碎屑流夹少量熔岩流	火山沉积岩
盾状火山	盾状	100～800	8.4～9.7	0.01～0.10	溢流相为主（玄武岩85 %～90 %，火山碎屑岩10 %～15 %）	隐爆角砾岩	厚层玄武岩	薄层玄武岩夹泥岩
火山碎屑岩席	席状、楔状、充填状	极薄层 ~ 400	4.3～5.9	0.01～0.06	爆发相为主，约占60 %，其余为溢流相和火山沉积相（火山碎屑岩60 %，熔岩20 %，沉积岩10 %，沉凝灰岩10 %）	中-酸性小型熔岩丘	火山碎屑流	沉火山碎屑岩与沉积岩互层

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Geological model and construction process of the Mesozoic volcanic edifices in Bozhong Sag， Bohai Sea

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