压制煤层干扰的致密砂岩井-震智能反演储层预测方法
Well-seismic intelligent inversion method for tight sandstone reservoir prediction under coal-seam interference suppression
- 2026年 页码:1-16
收稿:2026-02-12,
修回:2026-05-12,
网络首发:2026-08-27
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鄂尔多斯盆地东缘二叠系盒(下石盒子组)8段和山(山西组)1段致密砂岩储层非均质性强,下部普遍发育多套煤层和灰岩,造成砂岩储层地震反射特征多样。常规储层预测方法难以精细刻画中-薄层砂体及其井间分布,亟需研发一种压制煤层干扰的智能反演方法。结合研究区沉积特征,构建了4种正演概念模型,采用多子波分解与重构方法对地震资料进行强反射压制和时-频信息重构。在此基础上结合分频智能反演方法,通过神经网络建立地震波形特征与自然伽马测井曲线之间的非线性映射关系,实现多源信息的综合约束与协同反演,从而提高中-薄层砂体的识别能力。正演模拟结果显示,下伏煤层对砂体地震响应具有显著干扰作用,其影响程度随砂体叠置关系、砂体厚度及与煤层垂向距离变化而不同。分频智能反演方法在强反射压制后,能够精确刻画宏观砂体展布,显著提升中-薄层砂体识别能力与井间预测合理性。当砂体厚度大于4 m时,砂体响应比例超过90%,井旁道响应明显优于原始地震波形,充分反映了井信息约束效果,提高了砂体的分辨率。在煤层压制的背景下,基于神经网络的分频智能反演表现出良好的适用性和可靠性,识别出研究区目的层砂体主要发育垂向叠置型、侧向拼接型和孤立型3类组合模式。该方法弥补了传统波阻抗反演在致密砂岩储层预测中的不足,为研究区致密砂岩储层精细刻画与空间分布预测提供了可靠的技术手段。
The tight sandstone reservoirs in the 8th member of the Permian Lower Shihezi Formation (He 8 Member) and the 1st member of the Shanxi Formation (Shan 1 Member) along the eastern margin of the Ordos Basin are highly heterogeneous. Multiple coal seams and limestone beds are widely developed beneath the target reservoirs, resulting in complex and variable seismic reflection characteristics of the sandstone bodies. Conventional reservoir prediction methods are limited in their ability to finely characterize medium- to thin-bedded sand bodies and their interwell distribution. Therefore, an intelligent inversion method capable of suppressing coal-seam interference is urgently needed. Four forward conceptual models were established according to the sedimentary characteristics of the study area, and multi-wavelet decomposition and reconstruction were used to suppress strong reflections and reconstruct the time-frequency information from the seismic data. On this basis, frequency-decomposed intelligent inversion was combined with neural network modeling to establish a nonlinear mapping relationship between seismic waveform features and gamma-ray (GR) logs. This enabled integrated constraints and collaborative inversion of multi-source information, thereby improving the identification of medium- to thin-bedded sand bodies. As indicated by the research results, the forward modeling results show that underlying coal seams significantly interfere with the seismic responses of sand bodies, and the degree of interference varies with sand body stacking relationships, sand body thickness, and the vertical distance between the sand bodies and coal seams. After strong reflection suppression, the frequency-decomposed intelligent inversion method can accurately characterize the macroscale distribution of sand bodies and significantly improve the identification of medium- to thin-bedded sand bodies and the reliability of interwell prediction. When the sand body thickness exceeds 4 m, the sand body response ratio surpasses 90%, and the responses of well-adjacent traces are markedly improved compared with the original seismic waveforms. This fully reflects the constraint effect of well information and improves the resolution of sand body identification. Under the condition of coal-seam suppression, the neural-network-based frequency-decomposed intelligent inversion method exhibits good applicability and reliability. Three main types of sand body assemblage patterns were identified in the target interval of the study area: vertically stacked, laterally amalgamated, and isolated. This method compensates for the limitations of conventional acoustic impedance inversion in tight sandstone reservoir prediction and provides an effective technical approach for the fine characterization and spatial distribution prediction of tight sandstone reservoirs in the study area.
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