库车坳陷下侏罗统阿合组致密砂岩储层孔隙微观结构特征及其对致密气富集的控制作用

doi:10.11743/ogg20200206

Abstract

Abstract:

Kuqa Depression has been an important region for exploring deep tight sand gas reservoirs in the Tarim Basin during the past few years.The study aims to discuss the micro-structure features of the Ahe tight sandstone reservoirs in the Dibei tight sand gas pool in the Kuqa Depression via reservoir property and inclusion tests, casting thin section observation, MIP(mercury intrusion porosimetry), as well as x-ray micro-CT scanning.What's more, combined with logging interpretation and fluid inclusion data, the controlling effect of microscopic pore structure on tight sand gas enrichment is revealed.The results show that the tight sand reservoirs in the Lower Jurassic Ahe Formation is characterized by a majority of dissolved pores(including intragranular dissolved pores in feldspar, lithic debris, and dissolved pores in cements)and micro-fractures, together with limited residual intergranular pores.The micro-structure of the Ahe sand reservoir pores can be classified into three types.Specifically, type one mainly developed in coarse-grained sandstones is characterized by capillary bundle-shaped pore system, with poor pore throat sorting, large pore throat radius but low pore-throat ratio, and relatively high permeability; type two mainly occurring in the coarse-to-fine grained sandstones is characterized ink-bottle-shaped pore system with relatively poor pore throat sorting, pore throat radius smaller than that of type one mentioned above but large pore-throat ratio; type three mainly appearing in fine-to-silty sandstone also has ink-bottle-shaped pore throat system with relatively good pore throat sorting and pore throat radius smaller than that of type two and low permeability.Type one pore structure can serve as the pathway for tight gas migration, type two is favorable for tight sand gas enrichment, while type three reservoir has no gas charging.

Key words: microscopic pore structure, tight sand gas, Ahe Formation, Lower Jurassic, Kuqa Depression, Tarim Basin

CLC Number:

TE122.2

Peng Wang, Linghui Sun, He Wang, Zi'an Li. Microscopic pore structure of Ahe tight sand gas reservoirs of the Low Jurassic in Kuqa Depression and its controls on tight gas enrichment[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2020, 41(2): 295-304.

Figures/Tables 13

Fig.1

Fig.2

Fig.3

Fig.4

Fig.5

Fig.6

Table 1

Microscopic pore structure parameters of the Lower Jurassic Ahe tight sand reservoirs in Dibei area, Kuqa Depression"

井名	深度/m	岩性	排驱压力/ MPa	平均孔喉半径/ μm	分选系数	歪度	结构系数
依南4井	4 425	灰色细砂岩	0.03	2.38	3.05	2.95	0.37
依南4井	4 427	灰色中粗砂岩	0.18	1.02	0.76	1.16	2.07
依南4井	4 496	灰色含砾粗砂岩	0.19	1.08	0.80	1.03	2.15
依深4井	3 983	灰色含砾粗砂岩	0.20	0.91	0.65	1.28	5.47
依深4井	4 105	灰色中粗砂岩	0.21	0.92	0.70	1.45	2.26
依深4井	4 157	灰色含砾粗砂岩	0.38	2.00	0.39	0.42	2.10
依南2井	4 808	灰色含砾粗砂岩	0.86	0.34	0.27	2.00	2.19
依南2井	4 812	灰色含砾粗砂岩	0.20	0.77	0.64	1.67	1.51
依南2井	4 829	灰色含砾粗砂岩	0.26	0.69	0.58	2.17	1.20
依南2井	4 831	灰色中粗砂岩	0.26	0.78	0.59	1.41	1.48
依南2井	4 844	灰色含砾粗砂岩	0.28	0.72	0.52	1.58	0.61
依南2井	4 852	灰色中细砂岩	0.32	0.66	0.50	1.61	2.40
依南2井	4 875	灰色含砾粗砂岩	0.36	0.56	0.43	1.66	2.37
依南2井	4 882	灰色含砾粗砂岩	0.40	0.55	0.41	1.47	2.32
依南2井	4 889	灰色含砾粗砂岩	0.42	0.53	0.38	1.57	3.37
依南2井	4 892	灰色中粗砂岩	0.42	0.53	0.38	1.57	1.63
依南2井	4 895	灰色中粗砂岩	0.44	0.52	0.38	1.52	3.20
依南2井	4 904	灰白色细砂岩	0.46	0.48	0.35	1.51	2.91
依南2井	4 921	灰色中粗砂岩	0.47	0.52	0.36	1.51	1.72
依南5井	4 834	灰白色细砂岩	0.47	0.46	0.34	1.55	3.13
依南5井	4 879	灰色中粗砂岩	0.57	0.40	0.30	2.36	1.75
依南5井	5 011	灰色含砾粗砂岩	0.60	0.40	0.30	2.56	2.58
依南4井	4 401	灰白色细砂岩	0.75	0.30	0.20	1.69	1.13
依南4井	4 495	灰色含砾粗砂岩	0.78	0.31	0.20	1.58	1.74
依深4井	4 502	灰白色细砂岩	1.26	0.17	0.11	2.48	0.03
依深4井	3 997	深灰色粉砂岩	1.83	0.12	0.07	2.04	0.29
依南5井	4 895	灰色中砂岩	2.37	0.10	0.05	2.72	0.78
依南5井	4 881	灰色含砾中砂岩	2.73	0.08	0.04	2.80	0.73
依南5井	4 893	深灰色粉砂岩	3.44	0.10	0.06	3.29	0.53
依南5井	4 882	深灰色粉砂岩	4.88	0.05	0.02	2.87	0.39
依南4井	4 515	灰色中细砂岩	5.12	0.04	0.02	3.07	0.24
依南4井	4 498	深灰色粉砂岩	6.31	0.04	0.02	2.62	—
依深4井	4 111	深灰色泥质粉砂岩	10.02	0.03	0.01	2.62	0.02

Table 1

Fig.7

Fig.8

Table 2

Fig.9

Fig.10

Fig.11

References 34

1	邹才能. 非常规油气地质[M]. 北京: 地质出版社, 2011: 18- 22.
	Zou Caineng . Unconventional oil and gas geology[M]. Beijing: Geological Publishing House, 2011: 18- 22.
2	戴金星, 倪云燕, 吴小奇. 中国致密砂岩气及在勘探开发上的重要意义[J]. 石油勘探与开发, 2012, 39 (3): 257- 264.
	Dai Jinxing , Ni Yunyan , Wu Xiaoqi . Tight gas in China and its signifi-cance in exploration and exploitation[J]. Petroleum exploration and development, 2012, 39 (3): 257- 264.
3	贾承造, 郑民, 张永峰. 中国非常规油气资源与勘探开发前景[J]. 石油勘探与开发, 2012, 39 (2): 129- 136.
	Jia Chengzao , Zheng Min , Zhang Yongfeng . Unconventional hydrocarbon resources in China and the prospect of exploration and development[J]. Petroleum exploration and development, 2012, 39 (2): 129- 136.
4	杨涛, 张国生, 梁坤, 等. 全球致密气勘探开发进展及中国发展趋势预测[J]. 中国工程科学, 2012, 14 (6): 64- 76.
	Yang Tao , Zhang Guosheng , Liang Kun , et al. The exploration of global tight sandstone gas and forecast of the development tendency in China[J]. Engineering Science, 2012, 14 (6): 64- 76.
5	康毅力, 张杜杰, 游利军, 等. 塔里木盆地超深致密砂岩气藏储层流体敏感性评价[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2018, 39 (4): 738- 748.
	Kang Yili , Zhang Dujie , You Lijun , et al. Fluid sensitivity evaluation of ultra deep tight sandstone gas reservoirs, Tarim Basin[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2018, 39 (4): 738- 748.
6	王珂, 张惠良, 张荣虎, 等. 超深层致密砂岩储层构造裂缝特征及影响因素——以塔里木盆地克深2气田为例[J]. 石油学报, 2016, 37 (6): 715- 727.
	Wang Ke , Zhan Huiliang , Zhang Ronghu , et al. Characteristics and influencing factors of ultra-deep tight sandstone reservoir structural fracture:A case study of Keshen-2 gas field, Tarim Basin[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2016, 37 (6): 715- 727.
7	王珂, 杨海军, 张惠良, 等. 超深层致密砂岩储层构造裂缝特征与有效性——以塔里木盆地库车坳陷克深8气藏为例[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2018, 39 (4): 719- 729.
	Wang Ke , Yang Haijun , Zhang Huiliang , et al. Characteristics and effectiveness of structural fractures in ultra deep tight sandstone reservoir:A case study of Keshen 8 gas pool in Kuqa Depression, Tarim Basin[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2018, 39 (4): 719- 729.
8	刘春, 张荣虎, 张惠良, 等. 致密砂岩储层微孔隙成因类型及地质意义——以库车前陆冲断带超深层储层为例[J]. 石油学报, 2017, 38 (2): 150- 159.
	Liu Chun , Zhang Ronghu , Zhang Huiliang , et al. Genetic types and geological significance of micro pores in tight sandstone reservoirs:A case study of the ultra-deep reservoir in the Kuqa foreland thrust belt, NW China[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2017, 38 (2): 150- 159.
9	何登发, 马永生, 刘波, 等. 中国含油气盆地深层勘探的主要进展与科学问题[J]. 地学前缘, 2019, 26 (1): 1- 12.
	He Dengfa , Ma Yongsheng , Liu Bo , et al. Main advances and key issues for deep-seated exploration in petroliferous basins in China[J]. Earth Science Frontiers, 2019, 26 (1): 1- 12.
10	Nelson P H . Pore-throat sizes in sandstones, tight sandstones, and shales[J]. AAPG Bulletin, 2009, 93 (3): 329- 340. doi: 10.1306/10240808059
11	邹才能, 朱如凯, 吴松涛, 等. 常规与非常规油气聚集类型、特征、机理及展望——以中国致密油和致密气为例[J]. 石油学报, 2012, 33 (2): 173- 187.
	Zou Caineng , Zhu Rukai , Wu Songtao , et al. Types, characteristics, genesis and prospects of conventional and unconventional hydrocarbon accumulations:Taking tight oil and tight gas in China as an instance[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2012, 33 (2): 173- 187.
12	Ghanizadeh A , Clarkson C R , Aquino S , et al. Petrophysical and geomechanical characteristics of Canadian tight oil and liquid-rich gas reservoirs:Ⅰ.Pore network and permeability characterization[J]. Fuel, 2015, 153, 664- 681. doi: 10.1016/j.fuel.2015.03.020
13	Shanley K W , Cluff R M . The evolution of pore-scale fluid-saturation in low permeability sandstone reservoirs[J]. AAPG Bullion, 2015, 99 (10): 1957- 1990. doi: 10.1306/03041411168
14	Xi K L , Cao Y C , Haile B G , et al. How does the pore-throat size control the reservoir quality and oiliness of tight sandstones? The case of the Lower Cretaceous Quantou formation in the southern Songliao Basin, China[J]. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 2016, 76, 1- 15. doi: 10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2016.05.001
15	Lai J , Wang G W , Wang Z Y , et al. A review on pore structure chara-cterization in tight sandstones[J]. Earth-Science Reviews, 2018, 177, 436- 457. doi: 10.1016/j.earscirev.2017.12.003
16	Daigle H , Johnson A . Combining mercury intrusion and nuclear magnetic resonance measurements using percolation theory[J]. Transport in Porous Media, 2016, 111, 669- 679. doi: 10.1007/s11242-015-0619-1
17	Xiao D S , Jiang S , Thul D , et al. Impacts of clay on pore structure, storage and percolation of tight sandstones from the Songliao Basin, China:Implications for genetic classification of tight sandstone reservoirs[J]. Fuel, 2018, 211, 390- 404. doi: 10.1016/j.fuel.2017.09.084
18	Shao X H , Pang X Q , Jiang F J , et al. Reservoir characterization of tight sandstones using NMR and IPMI experiments:Implication for tight sand gas reservoir quality[J]. Energy Fuel, 2017, 31, 10420- 10431. doi: 10.1021/acs.energyfuels.7b01184
19	Masters J A . Deep basin gas trap, Western Canada[J]. AAPG Bulletin, 1979, 63 (2): 152- 181.
20	Berkenpas P G . The milk river shallow gas pool:Role of the updip water trap and connate water in gas production from the pool[J]. SPE, 1991, 22922, 371- 380.
21	Law B E , Spencer C W . Gas in tight reservoirs-an emerging major source of energy[J]. Geological Survey Professional Paper, 1993, 1570, 233- 252.
22	郭秋麟, 李建忠, 陈宁生, 等. 四川合川——潼南地区须家河组致密砂岩气成藏模拟[J]. 石油勘探与开发, 2011, 38 (4): 409- 417.
	Guo Qiulin , Li Jinazhong , Chen Ningsheng , et al. Modeling of the tight sandstone gas accumulation for the Xujiahe Formation, Hechuan-Tongnan Area, Sichuan Basin[J]. Petroleum exploration and develo-pment, 2011, 38 (4): 409- 417.
23	王鹏威, 陈筱, 庞雄奇, 等. 构造裂缝对致密砂岩气成藏过程的控制作用[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2014, 25 (2): 185- 191.
	Wang Pengwei , Chen Xiao , Pang Xiongqi , et al. The controlling of structure fractures on the accumulation of tight sand gas reservoirs[J]. Natural Gas Geoscience, 2014, 25 (2): 185- 191.
24	Guo Y C , Pang X Q , Li Z X , et al. The critical buoyancy threshold for tight sandstone gas entrapment:Physical simulation, interpretation, and implications to the Upper Paleozoic Ordos Basin[J]. Journal of Petroleum Science & Engineering, 2017, 149, 88- 97.
25	Zou C N , Jia J H , Tao S Z , et al. Analysis of reservoir forming condition sand prediction of continuous tight gas reservoirs of the Deep Jurassic in the Eastern Kuqa Depression, Tarim Basin[J]. Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition), 2011, 85 (5): 1173- 1186. doi: 10.1111/j.1755-6724.2011.00549.x
26	李峰, 姜振学, 李卓, 等. 库车坳陷迪北地区下侏罗统天然气富集机制[J]. 地球科学——中国地质大学学报, 2015, 40 (9): 1538- 1548.
	Li Feng , Jiang Zhenxue , Li Zhuo , et al. Enriched mechanism of natural gas of Lower Jurassic in Dibei Area, Kuqa Depression[J]. Earth Science-Journal of China University of Geosciences, 2015, 40 (9): 1538- 1548.
27	邢恩袁, 庞雄奇, 肖中尧, 等. 塔里木盆地库车坳陷依南2气藏类型的判别[J]. 中国石油大学学报(自然科学版), 2011, 35 (6): 21- 35.
	Xing Enyuan , Pang Xiongqi , Xiao Zhongyao , et al. Type discrimination of Yinan 2 gas reservoir in Kuqa Depression, Tarim Basin[J]. Journal of China University of Petroleum(Edition of Natural Science), 2011, 35 (6): 21- 35.
28	郭继刚, 庞雄奇, 刘丹丹, 等. 库车坳陷中、下侏罗统煤系烃源岩排烃特征及资源潜力评价[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2012, 23 (2): 327- 334.
	Guo Jigang , Pang Xiongqi , Liu Dandan , et al. Hydrocarbon expulsion for middle-lower Jurassic coal measures and evaluation of potential resource in Kuqa Depression[J]. Natural Gas Geoscience, 2012, 23 (2): 327- 334.
29	苏洲, 张慧芳, 韩剑发, 等. 塔里木盆地库车坳陷中、新生界高蜡凝析油和轻质油形成及其控制因素[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2018, 39 (6): 1255- 1269.
	Su Zhou , Zhang Huifang , Han Jianfa , et al. Origin and controlling factors of Mesozoic Cenozoic gas condensates with high wax content and high gravity oil in Kuqa Depression[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2018, 39 (6): 1255- 1269.
30	张荣虎, 张惠良, 寿建峰, 等. 库车坳陷大北地区下白垩统巴什基奇克组储层成因地质分析[J]. 地质科学, 2008, 43 (3): 507- 517.
	Zhang Ronghu , Zhang Huiliang , Shou Jianfeng , et al. Geological analysis on reservoir mechanism of the lower Cretaceous Bashijiqike Formation in Dabei area of the Kuqa Depression[J]. Chinese Journal of Geology, 2008, 43 (3): 507- 517.
31	肖佃师, 卢双舫, 陆正元, 等. 联合核磁共振和恒速压汞方法测定致密砂岩孔喉结构[J]. 石油勘探与开发, 2016, 43 (6): 961- 970.
	Xiao Dianshi , Lu Shuangfang , Lu Zhengyuan , et al. Combining nuclear magnetic resonance and rate-controlled porosimetry to probe the pore-throat structure of tight sandstones[J]. Petroleum exploration and development, 2016, 43 (6): 961- 970.
32	郭宏莉, 朱如凯. 利用有机包裹体探讨塔里木盆地依奇克里克构造带下侏罗统油气运移与油气藏的存储条件[J]. 石油学报, 2005, 21 (5): 1467- 1472.
	Guo Hongli , Zhu Rukai . To research hydrocarbon migration and prese-rvation conditions by fluid inclusion in the Eastern Kuqa Depression, Tarim Basin[J]. Acta Petrologica Sinica, 2005, 21 (5): 1467- 1472.
33	王鹏威, 庞雄奇, 姜振学, 等. 库车坳陷依南2"连续型"致密砂岩气藏成藏临界物性条件[J]. 地球科学——中国地质大学学报, 2014, 39 (10): 1481- 1490.
	Wang Pengwei , Pang Xiongqi , Jiang Zhenxue , et al. Critical phyisical conditions for accumulation of Yinan 2 "continuous" tight sandstone gas reservoir, Kuqa Depression[J]. Earth Science-Journal of China University of Geosciences, 2014, 39 (10): 1481- 1490.
34	鲁雪松, 赵孟军, 刘可禹, 等. 库车前陆盆地深层高效致密砂岩气藏形成条件与机理[J]. 石油学报, 2018, 39 (4): 365- 378.
	Lu Xuesong , Zhao Mengjun , Liu Keyu , et al. Forming condition and mechanism of highly effective deep tight sandstone gas reservoir in Kuqa Foreland Basin[J]. Acta Petrologica Sinica, 2018, 39 (4): 365- 378.

储层类型	分类	最小半径/μm	平均半径/μm	最大半径/μm
第一类储层	孔隙	0.12	0.92	2.78
第一类储层	喉道	0.34	0.96	2.49
第二类储层	孔隙	0.23	1.23	2.15
第二类储层	喉道	0.18	0.56	1.20
第三类储层	孔隙	0.10	0.23	1.53
第三类储层	喉道	0.18	0.56	1.75

[1]	Pengyuan HAN, Wenlong DING, Debin YANG, Juan ZHANG, Hailong MA, Shenghui WANG. Characteristics of the S80 strike-slip fault zone and its controlling effects on the Ordovician reservoirs in the Tahe oilfield， Tarim Basin [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2024, 45(3): 770-786.
[2]	Yanqiu ZHANG, Honghan CHEN, Xiepei WANG, Peng WANG, Danmei SU, Zhou XIE. Assessment of connectivity between source rocks and strike-slip fault zone in the Fuman oilfield， Tarim Basin [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2024, 45(3): 787-800.
[3]	Wenlong DING, Yuntao LI, Jun HAN, Cheng HUANG, Laiyuan WANG, Qingxiu MENG. Methods for high-precision tectonic stress field simulation and multi-parameter prediction of fracture distribution for carbonate reservoirs and their application [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2024, 45(3): 827-851.
[4]	Zicheng CAO, Lu YUN, Lixin QI, Haiying LI, Jun HAN, Feng GENG, Bo LIN, Jingping CHEN, Cheng HUANG, Qingyan MAO. A major discovery of hydrocarbon-bearing layers over 1，000-meter thick in well Shunbei 84X， Shunbei area， Tarim Basin and its implications [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2024, 45(2): 341-356.
[5]	Debin YANG, Xinbian LU, Dian BAO, Fei CAO, Yan WANG, Ming WANG, Runcheng XIE. New insights into the genetic types and characteristics of the Ordovician marine fault-karst carbonate reservoirs in the northern Tarim Basin [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2024, 45(2): 357-366.
[6]	Changjian ZHANG, Debin YANG, Lin JIANG, Yingbing JIANG, Qi CHANG, Xuejian MA. Characteristics and origin of over-dissolution residual fault-karst reservoirs in the northern Tahe oilfield， Tarim Basin [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2024, 45(2): 367-383.
[7]	Tongwen JIANG, Xingliang DENG, Peng CAO, Shaoying CHANG. Storage space types and water-flooding efficiency for fault-controlled fractured oil reservoirs in Fuman oilfield， Tarim Basin [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2024, 45(2): 542-552.
[8]	Yuemeng NIU, Jun HAN, Yixin YU, Cheng Huang, Bo Lin, Fan YANG, Lang YU, Junyu CHEN. Igneous rock intrusions in the western Shunbei area， Tarim Basin： Characteristics and coupling relationships with faults [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2024, 45(1): 231-242.
[9]	San ZHANG, Qiang JIN, Jinxiong SHI, Mingyi HU, Mengyue DUAN, Yongqiang LI, Xudong ZHANG, Fuqi CHENG. Filling patterns and reservoir property of the Ordovician buried-river karst caves in the Tabei area， Tarim Basin [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2023, 44(6): 1582-1594.
[10]	Zhiyong GAO, Yongping WU, Zhaolong LIU, Cong WEI, Yongzhong ZHANG, Cuili WANG, Qunming LIU. Development model and significance of favorable lithofacies association of sandy braided river facies of the Cretaceous Bashijiqike Formation in Zhongqiu 1 well block， Kuqa Depression， Tarim Basin [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2023, 44(5): 1141-1158.
[11]	Wei HU, Ting XU, Yang YANG, Zengmin LUN, Zongyu LI, Zhijiang KANG, Ruiming ZHAO, Shengwen MEI. Fluid phases and behaviors in ultra-deep oil and gas reservoirs， Tarim Basin [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2023, 44(4): 1044-1053.
[12]	Tan ZHANG, Wei YAO, Yongqiang ZHAO, Yushuang ZHOU, Jiwen HUANG, Xinyu FAN, Yu LUO. Time scale and denudation thickness calculation of Carboniferous Kalashayi Formation in the Bamai area， Tarim Basin [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2023, 44(4): 1054-1066.
[13]	Honghui GUO, Jianwei FENG, Libin ZHAO. Characteristics of passive strike-slip structure and its control effect on fracture development in Bozi-Dabei area， Tarim Basin [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2023, 44(4): 962-975.
[14]	Bin LI, Xingxing ZHAO, Guanghui WU, Jianfa HAN, Baozhu GUAN, Chunguang SHEN. Differential hydrocarbon accumulation model of the Ordovician in Tazhong Ⅱ block， Tarim Basin [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2023, 44(2): 308-320.
[15]	Hongbo ZHANG, Yushuang ZHOU, Xuguang SHA, Shang DENG, Xiangcun SHEN, Zhongzheng JIANG. Development characteristics and evolution mechanism of the uplifted segment of the No. 5 strike-slip fault zone in Shunbei area， Tarim Basin [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2023, 44(2): 321-334.

Microscopic pore structure of Ahe tight sand gas reservoirs of the Low Jurassic in Kuqa Depression and its controls on tight gas enrichment

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

Knowledge

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

Figures/Tables 13

References 34

Related Articles 15

Recommended Articles

Metrics