澳大利亚苏拉特区块低煤阶煤层气有利区预测与高效开发策略

doi:10.11743/ogg20250103

Abstract

Abstract:

The Surat block in Australia exhibits numerous thin coal seams （average thickness： 0.6 m） that are frequently interbedded with sandstones and mudstones， making it difficult to predict the occurrence locations and enrichment patterns of coalbed methane （CBM） in this block. With the progressive expansion toward deep CBM production， it is necessary to consider both CBM enrichment conditions and ground engineering layouts during deployment. To achieve large-scale commercial CBM production in the Surat block， we examine the essential characteristics of the major CBM reservoirs in the study area， and analyze the dominant factors governing the enrichment of low-rank CBM in these reservoirs， o which basis a comprehensive assessment system for play fairways based on three core parameters： producing interval thickness， gas content， and permeability is built. Using this assessment system， we map the play fairways of CBM. What’s more， a series of strategies for the efficient production of low-rank CBM in the study area are proposed while learning from China's successful experience in CBM production. For the prediction of gas content in coal seams， we introduce an innovative coal facies modeling process based on the probabilistic trend attribute of net-to-gross （NTG） ratios of coal phase， and a prediction process for in situ gas content in coal seams that integrates the trend of dry， ash-free gas content variation with burial depth， log data， and the data of core tests. Regarding well drilling and completion， a hybrid well placement scheme that combines vertical wells with cluster directional wells is proposed， and economic assessment parameters are adopted to optimize vertical-well spacing and the drilling pad spacing of cluster wells for CBM reservoirs at varying depths. In terms of gas production， comprehensively considering the production performance data and field pump inspection results， we propose a failure analysis process for screw pumps in vertical wells and optimize the design of lined oil tubing for deviated wells. Furthermore， the challenge of sand production is effectively addressed using jointly developed water-swellable packers. All these collectively enhance gas production efficiency. In respect of ground engineering， a ground facility arrangement workflow is developed in line with the concept of surface-subsurface integration. Additionally， we eliminate inefficient wells through optimization based on single-well net present value （NPV） and cumulative production. These technical strategies improve the internal rate of return （IRR） of projects， introducing new practices for large-scale CBM production in the Surat block.

Key words: low-rank coalbed methane （CBM）, strategy for CBM production, play fairway mapping, gas content of coal seams, Walloon Subgroup, Middle Jurassic, Surat block, Australia

CLC Number:

TE132.2

Wenyuan HE, Wensong HUANG, Zehong CUI, Lingli LIU, Lijiang DUAN, Yibo ZHAO. Play fairway mapping and strategies for efficient production of low-rank coalbed methane in the Surat block， Australia[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2025, 46(1): 31-46.

Figures/Tables 17

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	煤样1	煤样2	煤样3	煤样4
埋深/m	252.8	269.0	287.7	297.4
孔隙度/%	8.0	8.0	5.4	7.7

煤层渗透率（K）/（10^-3μm²）	可动用权重系数（λ_K ）	煤层等级
≥10	1	高渗有效煤层
1～10	lgK	中渗一般煤层
≤ 1	0	低渗无效煤层

有利区分类	综合评价指数（U）	参数范围
Ⅰ类区（有利区）	U≥0.75	煤层可动用厚度≥18.0 m
		渗透率≥20 × 10^-3 μm²
		干燥无灰基含气量≥3.8 m³/t
Ⅱ类区（潜力区）	0.60≤U<0.75	10.0 m≤煤层可动用厚度<18.0 m
		渗透率≥120 × 10^-3 μm²
		2.8 m³/t≤干燥无灰基含气量<3.8 m³/t
Ⅲ类区（较差区）	U<0.60	—

Condamine 亚煤层组底深/m	开发布局			备注
Condamine 亚煤层组底深/m	井型	井间距/m	平台距/m	备注
<250	直井	1 500	—	—
250 ~ 350	直井	1 200	—	—
350 ~ 400	直井	1 000	—	—
400 ~ 450	丛式定向井	—	2 000	4井组丛式井
450 ~ 650	丛式定向井	—	2 400	8井组丛式井
>650	丛式定向井	—	2 100	8井组丛式井

封隔器材料	Osmotic	Hydrogel
标准情况（8.5 in井眼，封隔器居中，2 % KCl溶液浓度）	接触时间2.3 d	接触时间1.5 d
最坏的情况（8.75 in井眼，封隔器未居中，2 % KCl溶液浓度）	接触时间11.6 d	未接触
收缩率测试（模拟井下甲烷环境，100 %相对湿度）	1.3 %	5.6 %
收缩率测试（模拟井下甲烷环境，90 % ~ 100 %相对湿度）	未测量	19.7 %
收缩率测试（模拟井下甲烷环境，78 % ~ 90 %相对湿度）	11.7 % ~ 13.8 %	26.4 % ~ 36.6 %
寿命	110 ℃时间膨胀体寿命可达30年	观测到封隔器中凝胶的泄露，可能会影响长期性能

Play fairway mapping and strategies for efficient production of low-rank coalbed methane in the Surat block， Australia

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