碳酸盐岩储层中原油裂解及碳同位素演化模拟实验

doi:10.11743/ogg20160502

Abstract

Abstract: To study the characteristics of crude oil cracking and isotopic evolution in carbonate reservoirs,crude oil samples were collected from Well TK772 in the Ordovician Yingshan Formation,Tahe oilfield,Tarim Basin.We carried out the simulation experiment of oil cracking into gas process under simulated carbonate reservoir conditions by using the semi-open experiment system "hydrocarbon generation and expulsion simulation instrument under the conditions of stratum-porosity and thermo-compression",and then analyzed the geochemical characteristics of gaseous products.The experiment results showed that oil cracking process in a carbonate reservoir was mainly influenced by temperature,and the occurrence of the TSR was caused by the adding of magnesium sulfate.TSR affected the oil cracking process and the characteristics of its products,resulting in the drop of temperature for the large scale cracking of heavy hydrocarbons,and the generation of large amount of non-hydrocarbon gases in addition to the consuming of large amount of heavy hydrocarbons.The alkane gas carbon isotopic composition is mainly controlled by thermal evolution degree.The carbon isotopes get heavier progressively along with the increasing of temperature,but the alkane gas carbon isotopic sequence partially reverses (δ¹³C₁< δ¹³C₂ >δ¹³C₃) at certain temperature intervals when sulfates exist.The study shows that TSR not only could alter the chemical composition of natural gas,but also might be an important factor for alkane gas carbon isotopic sequence reversion that is common in the carbonate gas reservoirs with high content of sulfur.

Key words: carbon isotope, crude oil cracking, TSR, carbonate reservoir, Yingshan Formation, Tarim Basin

CLC Number:

TE135

Liu Wenhui, Luo Houyong, Tenger, Wang Wanchun, Wang Jie, Lu Longfei, Tao Cheng, Wang Ping, Zhao Heng. Simulation experiments on crude oil cracking and carbon isotopic evolution in carbonate reservoirs[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2016, 37(5): 627-633.

References

[1] Kiyosu Y,Krouse H R.Carbon isotope effect during abiogenic oxidation of methane[J].Earth and Planetary Science Letters,1989,95(3-4):302-306.
[2] Worden R H,Smalley P C,Oxtoby N H.Gas souring by thermochemical sulfate reduction at 140℃[J].AAPG,1995,79(6):854-863.
[3] Machel H G.Gas souring by thermochemical sulfate reduction at 140℃:discussion[J].AAPG,1998,82(10):1870-1873.
[4] Cai C F,Worden R H,Bottrell S H,et al.Thermochemical sulphate reduction and the generation of hydrogen sulphide and thiols (mercaptans) in Triassic carbonate reservoirs from the Sichuan Basin,China[J].Chemical Geology,2003,202(1-2):39-57.
[5] 李开开,蔡春芳,姜磊,等.川东北地区长兴组酸性气藏中硫化氢来源及成因[J].石油与天然气地质,2015,36(2):183-192. Li Kaikai,Cai Chunfang,Jiang Lei,et al.Origin of H₂S in sour gas reservoirs in the Upper Permian Changxing Formation in northeastern Sichuan Basin[J].Oil & Gas Geology,2015,36(2):183-192.
[6] 朱扬明,孙林婷,郝芳,等.川东北飞仙关组-长兴组天然气几个地球化学问题探讨[J].石油与天然气地质,2016,37(2):354-362. Zhu Yangming,Sun Linting,Hao Fang,et al.Discussion on several geochemical issues of gases in Feixianguan-Changxing Formations in northeastern Sichuan Basin,China[J].Oil & Gas Geology,2016,37(2):354-362.
[7] Liu Quanyou,Worden R H,Jin Zhijun J,et al.TSR versus non-TSR processes and their impact on gas geochemistry and carbon stable isotopes in Carboniferous,Permian and Lower Triassic marine carbonate gas reservoirs in the Eastern Sichuan Basin,China[J].Geochimica Et Cosmochimica Acta,2013,100:96-115.
[8] Liu Quanyou,Worden R H,Jin Zhijun,et al.Thermochemical sulphate reduction (TSR) versus maturation and their effects on hydrogen stable isotopes of very dry alkane gases[J].Geochimica Et Cosmochimica Acta,2014,137:208-220.
[9] 王一刚,窦立荣,文应初,等.四川盆地东北部三叠系飞仙关组高含硫气藏成因研究[J].地球化学,2002,31(6):517-524. Wang Yigang,Dou Lirong,Wen Yingchu,et al.Origin of H₂S in Triassic Feixianguan Formation gas pools,Northeastern Sichuan Basin,China[J].Geochimica,2002,31(6):517-524.
[10] 朱光有,张水昌,梁英波,等.川东北地区飞仙关组高含H₂S天然气TSR成因的同位素证据[J].中国科学D辑,2005,35(11):1037-1046. Zhu Guangyou,Zhang Shuichang,Liang Yingbo,et al.Isotopic evidence of TSR origin for natural gas bearing high H₂S contents within the Feixianguan Formation of the northeastern Sichuan Basin,southwestern China[J].Science China:Earth Sciences,2005,35(11):1037-1046.
[11] 张水昌,朱光有,梁英波.四川盆地普光大型气田H₂S及优质储层形成机理探讨-读马永生教授的"四川盆地普光大型气田的发现与勘探启示"有感[J].地质论评,2006,52(2):230-235. Zhang Shuichang,Zhu Guangyou,Liang Yingbo.Probe into formation mechanism of H₂S and high-quality reservoirs of Puguang Large Gas Field in Sichuan Basin-The new cognition after reading professor Ma's paper "discovery of the large-scale gas field in the Sichuan Basin and its enlightenment for hydrocarbon prospecting"[J].Geological Review,2006,52(2):230-235.
[12] 丁康乐,李术元,岳长涛,等.硫酸盐热化学还原反应的研究进展[J].中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),2005,29(1):150-155. Ding Kangle,Li Shuyuan,Yue Changtao,et al.Review of thermochemical sulfate reduction[J].Journal of the University of Petroleum,China (Edition of Natural Science),2005,29(1):150-155.
[13] Pan Changchun,Yu Linping,Liu Jinzhong,et al.Chemical and carbon isotopic fractionations of gaseous hydrocarbons during abiogenic oxidation[J].Earth and Planetary Science Letters,2006,246:70-89.
[14] 刘文汇,腾格尔,高波,等.四川盆地大中型天然气田(藏)中H₂S形成及富集机制[J].石油勘探与开发,2010,37(5):513-522. Liu Wenhui,Tenger,Gao Bo,et al.H₂S formation and enrichment mechanism in medium to large scale natural gas fields(reservoirs)in Siehuan Basin[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2010,37(5):513-522.
[15] 张水昌,朱光有,何坤.硫酸盐热化学还原作用对原油裂解成气和碳酸盐岩储层改造的影响及作用机制[J].岩石学报,2011,27(3):809-826. Zhang Shuichang,Zhua Guangyou,He Kun.The effects of thermochemical sulfate reduction on occurrence of oil-cracking gas and reformation of deep carbonate reservoir and the interaction mechanisms[J].Acta Petrologica Sinica,2011,27(3):809-826.
[16] 张建勇,刘文汇,腾格尔.等.TSR对气态烃组分及碳同位素组成的影响-高温高压模拟实验的证据[J].石油实验地质,2012,34(1):66-70. Zhang Jianyong,Liu Wenhui,Tenger,et al.Influences of TSR on gaseous hydrocarbon components and carbon isotopes:revelations from high-temperature and high-pressure simulation experiments[J].Petroleum Geology and Experiment,2012,34(1):66-70.
[17] 陈腾水,何琴,卢鸿,等.饱和烃与硫酸钙和元素硫的热模拟实验对比研究:H₂S成因探讨[J].中国科学D辑:地球科学,2009,39(12):1701-1708. Chen Tengshui,He Qin,Lu Hong,et al.Thermal simulation experiments of saturated hydrocarbons with calcium sulfate and element sulfur:Implications on origin of H₂S[J].Science China:Earth Sciences,2009,39(12):1701-1708.
[18] Zhang T W,Ellis G S,Wang K S,et al.Effect of hydrocarbon type on thermochemical sulfate reduction[J].Organic Geochemistry,2007,38(6):897-910.
[19] 郑伦举,秦建中,何生,等.地层孔隙热压生排烃模拟实验初步研究[J].石油实验地质,2009,31(3):298-306. Zheng Lunju,Qin Jianzhong,He Sheng,et al.Preliminary study of formation porosity thermocompression simulation experiment of hydrocarbon generation and expulsion[J].Petroleum Geology and Experiment,2009,31(3):298-306.
[20] 王杰,刘文汇,腾格尔,等.南方海相层系不同类型烃源(岩)生烃模拟实验及其产物同位素演化规律[J].天然气地球科学,2011,22(4):684-691. Wang Jie,Liu Wenhui,Tenger,et al.Thermal pyrolysis of hydrocarbon generation for marine hydrocarbon sources in marine sequence of south China and stable carbon isotopes of gas Products[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2011,22(4):684-691.
[21] 王杰,秦建中,饶丹,等.不同类型页岩富集烃气能力模拟实验及微观结构特征研究[J].天然气地球科学,2013,24(4):652-658. Wang Jie,Qin Jianzhong,Rao Dan,et al.Microstructure and simulation experiments of extracted gas capability in different types of shale[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2013,24(4):652-658.
[22] 曹春辉,李中平,杜丽,等.气体同位素质谱仪MTA271分析天然气组分的方法研究[J].现代科学仪器,2011,(5):103-106. Cao Chunhui,Li Zhongping,Du Li,et al.Composition of natural gas analysis by gas isotope mass spectrometer and chromatography[J].Modern Scientific Instruments,2011,(5):103-106.

Simulation experiments on crude oil cracking and carbon isotopic evolution in carbonate reservoirs

PDF (PC)

Knowledge

Cited

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

References

Related Articles 15

Recommended Articles

Metrics

[1]	Pengyuan HAN, Wenlong DING, Debin YANG, Juan ZHANG, Hailong MA, Shenghui WANG. Characteristics of the S80 strike-slip fault zone and its controlling effects on the Ordovician reservoirs in the Tahe oilfield， Tarim Basin [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2024, 45(3): 770-786.
[2]	Yanqiu ZHANG, Honghan CHEN, Xiepei WANG, Peng WANG, Danmei SU, Zhou XIE. Assessment of connectivity between source rocks and strike-slip fault zone in the Fuman oilfield， Tarim Basin [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2024, 45(3): 787-800.
[3]	Wenlong DING, Yuntao LI, Jun HAN, Cheng HUANG, Laiyuan WANG, Qingxiu MENG. Methods for high-precision tectonic stress field simulation and multi-parameter prediction of fracture distribution for carbonate reservoirs and their application [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2024, 45(3): 827-851.
[4]	Zicheng CAO, Lu YUN, Lixin QI, Haiying LI, Jun HAN, Feng GENG, Bo LIN, Jingping CHEN, Cheng HUANG, Qingyan MAO. A major discovery of hydrocarbon-bearing layers over 1，000-meter thick in well Shunbei 84X， Shunbei area， Tarim Basin and its implications [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2024, 45(2): 341-356.
[5]	Debin YANG, Xinbian LU, Dian BAO, Fei CAO, Yan WANG, Ming WANG, Runcheng XIE. New insights into the genetic types and characteristics of the Ordovician marine fault-karst carbonate reservoirs in the northern Tarim Basin [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2024, 45(2): 357-366.
[6]	Changjian ZHANG, Debin YANG, Lin JIANG, Yingbing JIANG, Qi CHANG, Xuejian MA. Characteristics and origin of over-dissolution residual fault-karst reservoirs in the northern Tahe oilfield， Tarim Basin [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2024, 45(2): 367-383.
[7]	Tongwen JIANG, Xingliang DENG, Peng CAO, Shaoying CHANG. Storage space types and water-flooding efficiency for fault-controlled fractured oil reservoirs in Fuman oilfield， Tarim Basin [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2024, 45(2): 542-552.
[8]	Yuemeng NIU, Jun HAN, Yixin YU, Cheng Huang, Bo Lin, Fan YANG, Lang YU, Junyu CHEN. Igneous rock intrusions in the western Shunbei area， Tarim Basin： Characteristics and coupling relationships with faults [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2024, 45(1): 231-242.
[9]	San ZHANG, Qiang JIN, Jinxiong SHI, Mingyi HU, Mengyue DUAN, Yongqiang LI, Xudong ZHANG, Fuqi CHENG. Filling patterns and reservoir property of the Ordovician buried-river karst caves in the Tabei area， Tarim Basin [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2023, 44(6): 1582-1594.
[10]	Haizhou QU, Xinyu GUO, Wei XU, Wenhao LI, Song TANG, Yani DENG, Shipeng HE, Yunfeng ZHANG, Xingyu ZHANG. Classification and origin of micropores in carbonates and their effects on physical properties of rocks [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2023, 44(5): 1102-1117.
[11]	Wei HU, Ting XU, Yang YANG, Zengmin LUN, Zongyu LI, Zhijiang KANG, Ruiming ZHAO, Shengwen MEI. Fluid phases and behaviors in ultra-deep oil and gas reservoirs， Tarim Basin [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2023, 44(4): 1044-1053.
[12]	Tan ZHANG, Wei YAO, Yongqiang ZHAO, Yushuang ZHOU, Jiwen HUANG, Xinyu FAN, Yu LUO. Time scale and denudation thickness calculation of Carboniferous Kalashayi Formation in the Bamai area， Tarim Basin [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2023, 44(4): 1054-1066.
[13]	Honghui GUO, Jianwei FENG, Libin ZHAO. Characteristics of passive strike-slip structure and its control effect on fracture development in Bozi-Dabei area， Tarim Basin [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2023, 44(4): 962-975.
[14]	Bin LI, Xingxing ZHAO, Guanghui WU, Jianfa HAN, Baozhu GUAN, Chunguang SHEN. Differential hydrocarbon accumulation model of the Ordovician in Tazhong Ⅱ block， Tarim Basin [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2023, 44(2): 308-320.
[15]	Hongbo ZHANG, Yushuang ZHOU, Xuguang SHA, Shang DENG, Xiangcun SHEN, Zhongzheng JIANG. Development characteristics and evolution mechanism of the uplifted segment of the No. 5 strike-slip fault zone in Shunbei area， Tarim Basin [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2023, 44(2): 321-334.