鄂尔多斯盆地西缘中奥陶统克里摩里组深水等深流溢岸混合沉积

doi:10.11743/ogg20180610

Abstract

Abstract: The deep-water contourites are widely developed in the Middle Ordovician Kelimoli Formation in Zhuozishan area,western margin of Ordos Basin.The Shixiagu outcrop thereto is generally regarded as an ideal section for studying the contourites of the Darriwilian stage for its complete stratum and obvious lithological variations.Here we focus on the mechanism of limestone associations alternating with shale in the middle Kelimoli Formation based on outcrop observations,study of thin sections in labs,data from relevant geochemical tests and previous works.The results show that: ① the middle part of Kelimoli Formation consists of ten limestone associations which could be grouped into three cycles; ② the single limestone layer pinches out in shale with different forms and patterns of lens; ③ a succession of parallel layer-homogeneous layer-parallel layer and streaky structures in the shape of gentle ripples are developed in the limestone,displaying alternating zones of lime mud and very fine crystalline under microscope.In combination of previous research,we may conclude that the mixed sequences consisting of limestone and shale in the middle Kelimoli Formation can be divided into two types,one is the mixed sequence of terrigenous clastics with carbonate,and the other is the mixed sequence of carbonate(terrigenous clastics)with diamictite,and their genetic mechanism could be attributed to the periodic overflow of contour current controlled by astronomical cycles in deep-water slope environment.The discovery of mixed sequences caused by deep-water contour currents can be of great significance for the Ordovician shale gas exploration at the western margin of Ordos Basin.

Key words: carbonate rock, mixed deposition, contour current, Ordovician, Zhuozishan area, Ordos Basin

CLC Number:

TE121.3

Li Xiangdong, Que Yi, Huan Yaqi, Chen Haiyan. Mixed carbonate-siliciclastic sequences of deep-water contour current overflow origin of Kelimoli Formation in Zhuozishan area,western margin of Ordos Basin[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2018, 39(6): 1201-1212.

References

[1] Faugeres J C,Stow D A V.Bottom-current-controlled sedimentation:A synthesis of the contourite problem[J].Sedimentary Geology,1993,82(1-4):287-297.
[2] 何幼斌,高振中,罗顺社,等.等深流沉积的特征及其鉴别标志[J].江汉石油学院学报,1998,20(4):1-6. He Youbin,Gao Zhenzhong,Luo Shunshe,et al.Features of contourites and their ddiscrimination[J].Journal of Jianghan Petroleum Institute,1998,20(4):1-6.
[3] Heezen B C,Hollister C D.Deep sea current evidence from abyssal sediments[J].Marine Geology,1964,1(2):141-174.
[4] Rebesco M,Hernández-Molina F J,Van Rooij D,et al.Contourites and associated sediments controlled by deep-water circulation processes:State-of-the-art and future considerations[J].Marine Geology,2014,352(3):111-154.
[5] Stoker M S,Akhurst M C,Howe J A,et al.Sediment drifts and contourites on the continental margin off northwest Britain[J].Sedimentary Geology,1998,115(1):33-51.
[6] Stow D A V,Faugères J C,Viana A,et al.Fossil contourites:A critical review[J].Sedimentary Geology,1998,115(1):3-31.
[7] Gao Zhenzhong,Eriksson K A,He Youbin,et al.Deep-water traction current deposits-A study of internal tides,internal waves,contour currents and their deposits[M].Beijing:Science Press,1998,57-119.
[8] Hernández-Molina F J,Llave E,Somoza L,et al.Lookingfor clues to paleoceanographic imprints:a diagnosis of the gulf of Cadiz contourite depositional systems[J].Geology,2003,31(31):19-22.
[9] Hernández-Molina F J,Paterlini M,Violante R,et al.Contourite de-positional system on the Argentine slope:an exceptional record of the influence of Antarctic water masses[J].Geology,2009,37(6):507-510.
[10] Shanmugam G.Modern internal waves and internal tides along ocea-nic pycnoclines:challenges and implications for ancient deep-marine baroclinic sands[J].AAPG Bulletin,2013,97(5):767-811.
[11] Hernández-Molina F J,Hodell D A,Stow D A V,et al.IODP Expedition 339-The Mediterranean outflow.Marine Geology & Global And Planetary Change.http://www.journals.elsevier.com/global-and-planetary-change/news/article-collection-iodp-expedition-339.
[12] Hernández-Molina F J,Sierro F J,Llave E.Evolution of the gulf of Cadiz margin and southwest Portugal contourite depositional system:Tectonic,sedimentary and paleoceanographic implications from IODP expedition 339[J].Marine Geology,2016,377(8):7-39.
[13] Lofi J,Voelker A H L,Ducassou E,et al.Quaternary chronostratigraphic framework and sedimentary processes for the gulf of Cadiz and Portuguese contourite depositional systems derived from Natural Gamma Ray records[J].Marine Geology,2016,377(8):40-57.
[14] Hernández-Molina F J,Llave E,Stow D A V,et al.The contourite depositional system of the gulf of Cádiz:A sedimentary model related to the bottom current activity of the Mediterranean outflow water and its interaction with the continental margin[J].Deep-Sea Research Ⅱ,2006,53(11-13):1420-1463.
[15] Howe J A,Shimmield T M,Harland R.Late Quaternary contourites and glaciomarine sedimentation in the Fram strait[J].Sedimentology,2008,55(1):179-200.
[16] Verdicchio G,Trincardi F.Mediterranean shelf-edge muddy contourites:examples from the Gela and south Adriatic basins[J].Geo-Marine Letters,2008,28(3):137-151.
[17] Llave E,Matias H.Pliocene-Quaternary contourites along the northern gulf of Cadiz Margin:Sedimentary stacking pattern and regional distribution[J].Geo-Marine Letters,2011,31(5-6):377-390.
[18] Nielsen T,Andersen C,Knutz P C.The Middle Miocene to recent Davis Strait drift complex:Implications for Arctic-Atlantic water exchange[J].Geo-Marine Letters,2011,31(5-6):419-426.
[19] Marshall N R,Piper D J W,Saint-Ange F,et al.Late Quaternary history of contourite drifts and variations in labrador current flow,Flemish Pass,offshore eastern Canada[J].Geo-Marine Letters,2014,34(5):457-470.
[20] Jiang Zaixing,Zhao Chenglin,Xiong Jihui.The Lower Silurian contourite and its geological implication in central Anhui Province[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,1990,35(13):1101-1104.
[21] 刘宝珺,许效松,梁仁枝.湘西黔东寒武纪等深流沉积[J].矿物岩石,1990,10(4):43-47. Liu Baojun,Xu Xiaosong,Liang Renzhi.Contourites of Cambrian in western Hunan and eastern Guiahou[J].Mineralogy and Petrology,1990,10(4):43-47.
[22] 段太忠,郭建华,高振中,等.华南古大陆边缘湘北九溪下奥陶统碳酸盐等深岩丘[J].地质学报,1990,64(2):131-143. Duan Taizhong,Guo Jianhua,Gao Zhenzhong,et al.A Lower Ordovician carbonate drift on the margin of the south China palaeocontinent in Jiuxi,northern Hunan[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,1990,64(2):131-143.
[23] 高振中,罗顺社,何幼斌,等.鄂尔多斯地区西缘中奥陶世等深流沉积[J].沉积学报,1995,13(4):16-26. Gao Zhenzhong,Luo Shunshe,He Youbin,et al.The Middle Ordovician contourite on the west margin of Ordos[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,1995,13(4):16-26.
[24] Bozzano G,Violante R A,Cerredo M E.Middle slope contourite deposits and associated sedimentary facies off NE Argentina[J].Geo-Marine Letters,2011,31(5-6):495-507.
[25] 何自新,付金华,孙六一.鄂尔多斯盆地西北部地区天然气成藏地质特征与勘探潜力[J].中国石油勘探,2002,7(1):56-66. He Zixin,Fu Jinhua,Sun Liuyi.Geological characteristics and exploration potential of natural gas reservoir in Northwest region of Ordos Basin[J].China Petroleum Exploration,2002,7(1):56-66.
[26] 杨华,付金华,魏新善,等.鄂尔多斯盆地奥陶系海相碳酸盐岩天然气勘探领域[J].石油学报,2011,32(5):733-740. Yang Hua,Fu Jinhua,Wei Xinshan et al.Natural gas exploration domains in Ordovician marine carbonates,Ordos basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2011,32(5):733-740.
[27] 张春林,庞雄奇,田世澄,等.鄂尔多斯盆地西部奥陶系古油藏油源对比与靖边气田油源[J].天然气地球科学,2014,25(8):1242-1251. Zhang Chunlin,Pang Xiongqi,Tian Shicheng,et al.Oil-source correlation of paleo-reservoir in Ordovician and the gas source of Jingbian gasfield,west Ordos basin[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2014,25(8):1242-1251.
[28] 吴伟涛,赵靖舟,孙六一,等.鄂尔多斯盆地西部奥陶系克里摩里组天然气成藏特征[J].天然气地球科学,2015,26(10):1862-1872. Wu Weitao,Zhao Jingzhou,Sun Liuyi,et al.Accumulation characteristics of natural gas from the Ordovician Kelimoli Formation,western Ordos Basin[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2015,26(10):1862-1872.
[29] 赵靖舟,王大兴,孙六一,等.鄂尔多斯盆地西北部奥陶系气源及其成藏规律[J].石油与天然气地质,2015,36(5):711-720. Zhao Jingzhou,Wang Daxing,Sun Liuyi,et al.Origin of the Ordovician gas and its accumulation patterns in Northwestern Ordos Basin[J].Oil & Gas Geology,2015,36(5):711-720.
[30] 孔庆芬,张文正,李剑锋,等.鄂尔多斯盆地西缘奥陶系烃源岩生烃能力评价[J].天然气工业,2007,27(12):62-64. Kong Qingfen,Zhang Wenzgeng,Li Jianfeng,et al.Evaluation of the oil generation capability of Ordovician Source Rocks in Western Margin of Ordos Basin[J].Natural Gas Industry,2007,27(12):62-64.
[31] 武春英,贾亚妮,韩会平,等.鄂尔多斯盆地西缘探区奥陶系烃源岩评价[J].新疆石油地质,2015,36(2):180-185. Wu Chunying,Jia Yani,Han Huiping,et al.Evaluation of Ordovician source rocks in western margin of Ordos basin[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2015,36(2):180-185.
[32] 丁海军,孟祥化,葛铭,等.从桌子山剖面看贺兰坳拉谷北段奥陶系等深流沉积[J].安徽地质,2008,18(1):8-15. Ding Haijun,Meng Xianghua,Ge Ming,et al.Ordovician contourite deposition on the northern segment of the Helan aulacogen seen from the Bench MT section[J].Geology of Anhui,2008,18(1):8-15.
[33] 丁海军,徐焕华.浊流与等深流的流态转化[J].新疆石油地质,2009,30(1):87-91. Ding Haijun,Xu Huanhua.Transformation from turbidity current to contour current[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2009,30(1):87-91.
[34] 李日辉.桌子山中奥陶统公乌素组等积岩的确认及沉积环境[J].石油与天然气地质,1994,15(3):235-240. Li Rihui.Identification of contourites in Middle Ordovician Gongwushu Formation,Zhuozishan,and depositional environment[J].Oil & Gas Geology,1994,15(3):235-240.
[35] 李向东,阙易,郇雅棋.桌子山中奥陶统克里摩里组下段薄层状石灰岩垂向序列分析[J].地球科学进展,2017,32(3):276-291. Li Xiangdong,Que Yi,Huan Yaqi.Analysis of vertical sedimentary successions in the lower part of Kelimoli Formation,Middle Ordovician,Zhuozishan area[J].Advances in Earth Science,2017,32(3):276-291.
[36] 李向东,郇雅棋,阙易.桌子山中奥陶统克里摩里组下段稀土元素特征与沉积介质分析[J].地质科学,53(2):547-565. Li Xiangdong,Huan Yaqi,Que Yi.REE geochemistry and analysis of sedimentary aqueous media in lower part of Kelimoli Formation,Middle Ordovician,Zhuozishan area[J].Chinese Journal of Geology,53(2):547-565.
[37] 李向东,郇雅棋.鄂尔多斯盆地西缘桌子山地区奥陶系深水条纹条带状泥岩等深流成因分析[J].古地理学报(中文版),2017,19(6):987-997. Li Xiangdong,Huan Yaqi.Origin of deep-water stripped-and-banded mudstones related to contour currents in the Ordovician,Zhuozishan area,Western margin of Ordos Basin[J].Journal of Palaeogeography(Chinese edition),2017,19(6):987-997.
[38] 李向东,阙易,郇雅棋.桌子山地区中奥陶统克里摩里组深水等深流沉积模式[J].高校地质学报,2018,24(2):285-296. Li Xiangdong,Que Yi,Huan Yaqi.Depositional model for contourites the Kelimoli Formation,Middle Ordovician,Zhuozishan Area[J].Geological Journal of China Universities,2018,24(2):285-296.
[39] Mount J F.Mixing of siliciclastic and carbonate sediments in shallow shelf environments[J].Geology,1984,12(12):432-435.
[40] 沙庆安.混合沉积和混积岩的讨论[J].古地理学报,2001,3(3):63-66. Sha Qingan.Discussion on mixing deposit and hunji rock[J].Journal of Palaeogeography,2001,3(3):63-66.
[41] 董桂玉,陈洪德,何幼斌,等.陆源碎屑与碳酸盐混合沉积研究中的几点思考[J].地球科学进展,2007,22(9):931-939. Dong Guiyu,Chen Hongde,He Youbin,et al.Some problems on the study of the mixed siliciclastic-carbonate sediment[J].Advances in Earth Science,2007,22(9):931-939.
[42] 郭彦如,赵振宇,徐旺林,等.鄂尔多斯盆地奥陶系层序地层格架[J].沉积学报,2014,32(1):44-60. Guo Yanru,Zhao Zhenyu,Xu Wanglin et al.Sequence stratigraphy of the Ordovician system in the Ordos basin[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2014,32(1):44-60.
[43] 韩品龙,张月巧,冯乔,等.鄂尔多斯盆地祁连海域奥陶纪岩相古地理特征及演化[J].现代地质,2009,23(5):822-827. Han Pinlong,Zhang Yueqiao,Feng Qiao,et al.Petrofacies palaeogeography and evolution of Ordovician of Qilian sea area in Ordos basin[J].Geoscience,2009,23(5):822-827.
[44] 费安玮.鄂尔多斯盆地拉什仲组遗迹化石组合与古环境[J].高校地质学报,2001,7(3):278-287. Fei Anwei.Study of trace fossil assemblage and paleoenvironment of Middle Ordovician Lashizhong Formation,Ordos basin[J].Geological Journal of China Universities,2001,7(3):278-287.
[45] 费安玮.桌子山中奥陶世公乌素组遗迹化石组合与古地理环境[J].现代地质,2000,14(3):366-372. Fei Anwei.Trace fossil assemblages and palaeoenvironment of Middle Ordovician Gongwusu Formation,Zhuozishan,Inner Mongolia[J].Geoscience,2000,14(3):366-372.
[46] Mawson M,Tucker M.High-frequency cyclicity(Milankovitch and millennial-scale) in slope-apron carbonates:Zechstein(Upper Permian),North-east England[J].Semimentology,2009,56(6):1905-1936.
[47] Hersi O S,Abbasi I A,Al-Harthy A.Sedimentology,rhythmicity and basin-fill architecture of a carbonate ramp depositional system with intermittent terrigenous influx:The Albian Kharfot Formation of the Jeza-Qamar Basin,Dhofar,Southern Oman[J].Sedimentary Geology,2016,331:114-131.
[48] 宁夏回族自治区地质矿产局.宁夏回族自治区岩石地层(全国地层多重划分对比研究64)[M].武汉:中国地质大学出版社,1996,3-46. Bureau of Geological and Mineral Resources of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region.Stratigraphy(Lithostratic) of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region(Mutiple Classification and Correlation of the Stratigraphy of China 64)[M].Wuhan:China University of Geosciences Press,1996:3-46.
[49] Bádenas B,Pomar L,Aurell M,et al.A facies model for internalites(internal wave deposits) on a gently sloping carbonate ramp(Upper Jurassic,Ricla,NE Spain)[J].Sedimentary Geology,2012,271-272:44-57.
[50] Kietzmann D A,Palma R M,Riccardi A C,et al.Sedimentology and sequence stratigraphy of a Tithonian-Valanginian carbonate ramp(Vaca Muerta Formation):A misunderstood exceptional source rock in the Southern Mendoza area of the Neuquén Basin,Argentina[J].Sedimentary Geology,2014,302:64-86.
[51] Kietzmann D A,Palma R M,Llanos M P I.Cyclostratigraphy of an orbitally-driven Tithonian-Valanginian carbonate ramp succession,Southern Mendoza,Argentina:Implications for the Jurassic-Cretaceous boundary in the Neuquén Basin[J].Sedimentary Geology,2015,315:29-46.
[52] 蔡雄飞.深水沉积环境条带状层理的分类特征及意义[J].沉积与特提斯地质,2001,21(4):84-88. Cai Xiongfei.The types and geological implications of the banded stratification in deep-water sedimentary environments[J].Sedimentary Geology and Tethyan Geology,2001,21(4):84-88.
[53] Schieber J,Southard J B,Kissling P,et al.Experimental deposition of carbonate mud from moving suspensions:importance of flocculation and implications for modern and ancient carbonate mud deposition[J].Journal of Sedimentary Research,2013,83(11):1025-1031.
[54] 郭福生,严兆彬,杜杨松,等.混合沉积、混积岩和混积层系的讨论[J].地学前缘,2003,10(3):312-314. Guo Fusheng,Yan Zhaobin,Du Yangsong,et al.Discussion on mixing deposit,Hunji rock and Hunji sequence[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2003,10(3):312-314.
[55] Arnott R W,Southard J B.Exploratory flow-duct experiments on combined-flow bed configurations and some implications for interpreting storm-event stratification[J].Journal of Sedimentary Petrology,1990,60(2):211-219.
[56] Arnott R W C.Quasi-planar-laminated sandstone beds of the Lower Cretaceous Bootlegger Member,North-Central Montana:Evidence of combined-flow sedimentation[J].Journal of Sedimentary Research,1993,63(3):488-494.
[57] Kneller B C,Branney J M.Sustained high-density turbidity currents and the deposition of thick massive sands[J].Sedimentology.1995,42(4):607-616.
[58] Mulder T,Migeon S,Savoye B,et al.Inversely graded turbidite sequences in the deep Mediterranean:a record of deposits from flood-generated turbidity currents?[J].Geo-Marine Letters,2001,21(2):86-93.
[59] 苏中堂,陈洪德,欧阳征健,等.鄂尔多斯地区马家沟组层序岩相古地理特征[J].中国地质,2012,39(3):623-633. Su Zhongtang,Chen Hongde,Ouyang Zhengjian et al.Sequence-based lithofacies and paleogeography of Majiagou Formation in Ordos Basin[J].Geology in China,2012,39(3):623-633.
[60] 王起琮,闫佐,宁博,等.鄂尔多斯盆地奥陶系马家沟组豹皮灰岩特征及其成因[J].古地理学报,2016,18(1):39-48. Wang Qicong,Yan Zuo,Ning Bo et al.Characteristics and genesis of leopard limestone of the Ordovician Majiagou Formation in Ordos Basin[J].Journal of Palaeogeography,2016,18(1):39-48.
[61] 腾格尔,刘文汇,徐永昌,等.海相沉积有机质的碳同位素记录及其环境意义-以鄂尔多斯盆地为例[J].石油勘探与开发,2004,31(5):11-16. Tengger,Liu Wenhui,Xu Yongchang,et al.Organic carbon isotope record in marine sediment and its environmental significance-An example from Ordos Basin,NW China[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2004,31(5):11-16.
[62] 肖晖,赵靖舟,熊涛,等.鄂尔多斯盆地古隆起西侧奥陶系烃源岩评价及成藏模式[J].石油与天然气地质,2017,38(6):1087-1097. Xiao Hui,Zhao Jingzhou,Xiong Tao et al.Evaluation of Ordovician source rocks and natural gas accumulation patterns in west flank of a paleo-uplift,Ordos basin[J].Oil & Gas Geology,2017,38(6):1087-1097.

Mixed carbonate-siliciclastic sequences of deep-water contour current overflow origin of Kelimoli Formation in Zhuozishan area,western margin of Ordos Basin

PDF (PC)

Knowledge

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

References

Related Articles 15

Recommended Articles

Metrics

[1]	Wei Dang, Jinchuan Zhang, Fengqin Wang, Pei Li, Chang'an Shan, Ruijing Wang. Thermodynamics and kinetics of water vapor adsorption onto shale: A case study of the Permian Shanxi Formation, Ordos Basin [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2021, 42(1): 173-185.
[2]	Bojiang Fan, Qiliang Mei, Xiaojun Wang, Yue Meng, Qijiang Huang. Geochemical comparison of mudstone and shale—A case study of the 7^th member of Yanchang Formation in Ansai area, Ordos Basin [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2020, 41(6): 1119-1128.
[3]	Zhenglu Xiao, Shijia Chen, Guanglin Liu, Pan Wang, Longxiang Tang, Zhanghao Liu. Further understanding of differential accumulations of oil and water in tight sandstones with limited charging power:A case study of Chang 8 member in Huachi area, Ordos Basin, China [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2020, 41(6): 1129-1138.
[4]	Kewei Zu, Lingxiao Fan, Bo Wang, Dongsheng Cao, Cong Guan, Zhongchao Li, Xiushen Cheng. Development patterns of fractures in carbonate reservoirs in the 2^nd member of Jialingjiang Formation, Puguang area, Sichuan Basin [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2020, 41(6): 1188-1196.
[5]	Zicheng Cao, Qinghua Lu, Yi Gu, Xian Wu, Donghua You, Xiuxiang Zhu. Characteristics of Ordovician reservoirs in Shunbei 1 and 5 fault zones, Tarim Basin [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2020, 41(5): 975-984.
[6]	Chaozhong Ning, Suyun Hu, Wenqing Pan, Zixiu Yao, Yong Li, Wenfang Yuan. Characterization of paleo-topography and karst caves in Ordovician Lianglitage Formation, Halahatang oilfield, Tarim Basin [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2020, 41(5): 985-995, 1047.
[7]	Faqi He, Chengchun Liang, Cheng Lu, Chunyan Yuan, Xiaowei Li. Identification and description of fault-fracture bodies in tight and low permeability reservoirs in transitional zone at the south margin of Ordos Basin [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2020, 41(4): 710-718.
[8]	Shixiang Li, Xiaobing Niu, Guangdi Liu, Jihong Li, Mingliang Sun, Fuliang You, Haonan He. Formation and accumulation mechanism of shale oil in the 7th member of Yanchang Formation, Ordos Basin [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2020, 41(4): 719-729.
[9]	Dingye Zheng, Xiongqi Pang, Fujie Jiang, Tieshu Liu, Xinhe Shao, Longlong Li, Yuying HuYan, Fangxin Guo. Characteristics and physical simulation of the Upper Paleozoic tight gas accumulation in Linxing area, Ordos Basin [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2020, 41(4): 744-754.
[10]	Yao Yao, Zhiliang He, Huili Li, Yu Zhang, Xiaopeng Gao, Kangning Wang, Cunli Jiao. Sedimentary geological model and distribution prediction of source rocks in the Saergan Formation(Middle-Upper Ordovician) in Awati fault depression, Tarim Basin [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2020, 41(4): 763-775.
[11]	Zeng Lianbo, Lyu Peng, Qu Xuefeng, Fan Jianming. Multi-scale fractures in tight sandstone reservoirs with low permeability and geological conditions of their development [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2020, 41(3): 449-454.
[12]	Sun Funing, Hu Wenxuan, Hu Zhongya, Liu Yongli, Kang Xun, Zhu Feng. Impact of hydrothermal activities on reservoir formation controlled by both faults and sequences boundaries: A case study from the Lower Ordovician in Tahe and Yubei areas,Tarim Basin [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2020, 41(3): 558-575.
[13]	Zhao Xiangyuan, Lyu Wenya, Wang Ce, Zhu Shengju, Fan Jianming. Major factors controlling waterflooding-induced fracture development in low-permeability reservoirs—A case study of Chang 6 reservoir in W block in Ansai oilfield,Ordos Basin [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2020, 41(3): 586-595.
[14]	Ju Wei, You Yuan, Feng Shengbin, Xu Haoran, Zhang Xiaoli, Wang Shengyu. Characteristics and genesis of bedding-parallel fractures in tight sandstone reservoirs of Chang 7 oil layer,Ordos Basin [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2020, 41(3): 596-605.
[15]	Dong Shaoqun, Lyu Wenya, Xia Dongling, Wang Shijia, Du Xiangyi, Wang Tao, Wu Yue, Guan Cong. An approach to 3D geological modeling of multi-scaled fractures in tight sandstone reservoirs [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2020, 41(3): 627-637.