Oil & Gas Geology ›› 2023, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (1): 110-124.doi: 10.11743/ogg20230109

• Petroleum Geology • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Sequence stratigraphy models of carbonate-evaporite successions and their controls on source rocks and reservoirs in the Ordovician Majiagou Formation, Ordos Basin

Tao ZHANG1(), Yaxiong ZHANG1, Xiaohui JIN1, Yan ZHOU1, Juntao ZHANG1, Ning GU1, Wei ZHANG2, Ruyue WANG1, Kai LU1   

  1. 1.Petroleum Exploration and Production Research Institute,SINOPEC,Beijing 102206
    2.Petroleum Exploration & Production Research Institute,Hubei Branch of SINOPEC,Zhengzhou,Henan 450006
  • Received:2022-05-29 Revised:2022-11-20 Online:2023-01-14 Published:2023-01-13

Abstract:

Based on the existing research results and the classical sequence stratigraphy theory of Vail P. R., this study takes into account the sedimentological principle of carbonate-evaporite, platform morphology, and lithological association characteristics of basin interior and margins to propose a sequence stratigraphic division model for the Majiagou Formation in Ordos Basin. According to the model, the sequence, which consists of evaporites mainly at the lower part and shallow water carbonates in the upper part, can be divided into five third-order sequences with boundaries respectively at the bottom of members of Ma1, Ma3, Ma510, Ma56, and Ma54. The bottom and top of Majiagou Formation are regional unconformity surfaces. Within the duration of lowstand systems tract of these third-order sequences, the carbonates and evaporite interfinger each other. The number of the evaporite layers is related to the number of hiatus (unconformity) in the adjacent carbonate sequences. The existence of these 4-5th order hiatus (unconformities) is the prerequisite for the development of interlayer dissolution and determines the location of source rock layers of inter-evaporite. Potential hydrocarbon source rocks are likely to be developed in three evaporative sequences of Ma1, Ma3 and Ma56 members in the lowstand systems tract, which are mainly distributed in the lows surrounding the salt lake and the slope areas of the basin center; moreover, are characterized by thin layers and large accumulated thickness. The sedimentary facies and multi-order sequence boundaries control the development of reservoirs, and two types of reservoirs are mainly formed: (1) The porous dolomitic reservoirs of beach facies are mainly developed in the middle and upper parts of highstand systems tract (HST) of third-to-fourth-order sequence, and the superimposed areas of the sedimentary hiatus and beach facies are the favorable zones for the porous reservoirs. (2) The moldic pore-type gypsodolomite reservoirs are mainly developed during the secondary transgression of the lowstand systems tract, and the tidal flat facies zone in the basin margins surrounding the paleo-uplift are the favorable horizons for the development of reservoirs of moldic pore type.

Key words: source rock, reservoir, sequence stratigraphy model, carbonate-evaporite, Majiagou Formation, Ordovician, Ordos Basin

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