渤海湾盆地临南洼陷古近系沙河街组源-储组合类型与致密（低渗）砂岩油差异富集模式

doi:10.11743/ogg20240311

Abstract

Abstract:

This study aims to reveal the differential oil enrichment mechanisms of tight （low-permeability） sandstone reservoirs in the Paleogene Shahejie Formation in the Linnan Sub-sag， Bohai Bay Basin. Initially， we categorize the source rock-reservoir assemblages in the Linnan Sub-sag based on their spatial distribution and lithologic combination. The analysis on oil-bearing properties， hydrocarbon supply， reservoir storage spaces， conduit system， and migration and accumulation dynamics of various source rock-reservoir assemblages is carried out using an integration of data of logging， well tests， production tests and core analysis and tests. Accordingly， the differential oil enrichment model is established for tight （low-permeability） sandstone reservoirs. The results indicate that the source rock-reservoir assemblages in the study area can be categorized into three types， which can be further divided into six subtypes： the source-reservoir coexistence type， including interbedded and intercalated sub-types； the source-reservoir adjoining type， comprising three distinct subtypes with reservoirs located above， between， or below source rocks； and the source-reservoir separation type， including a subtype with reservoirs located below source rocks. These types correspond to three oil enrichment model of the tight （low-permeability） sandstone reservoirs. The source-reservoir coexistence type exhibits an oil enrichment model featuring “a strong hydrocarbon supply， strong migration and accumulation dynamics， efficient charging， and reservoir-controlled oil enrichment.” Specifically， this type boasts the optimal hydrocarbon supply conditions， the strongest migration and accumulation dynamics， and efficient hydrocarbon charging via pores and fractures， all of which contribute to the most favorable oil-bearing properties. Compared to that of the intercalated subtype， the hydrocarbon enrichment scale of the interbedded subtype is restricted by sand-body thicknesses. The source-reservoir adjoining type manifests an oil enrichment model characterized by a comparatively strong hydrocarbon supply， differential migration and accumulation dynamics， combined conduit systems， and multiple factor-controlled oil enrichment. In detail， this type features a comparatively favorable hydrocarbon supply， significant changes in the migration and accumulation dynamics， and combined conduit systems consisting of pores， fractures， faults， and sand bodies， with hydrocarbon preferentially charging reservoirs with favorable physical properties and pore structures. This type of source rock-reservoir assemblage exhibits comparatively favorable oil-bearing properties. Among others， its subtype with reservoirs located between source rocks outperforms the other two subtypes in terms of both hydrocarbon supply and migration and accumulation dynamics， thus demonstrating the optimum oil-bearing properties. The source-reservoir separation type displays a pattern characterized by a weak hydrocarbon supply， weak migration and accumulation dynamics， conduit systems including faults and sand bodies， and oil enrichment under the control of conduits and reservoirs. Due to the weak hydrocarbon supply and migration and accumulation dynamics， effective transport pathways composed of faults and sand bodies， along with the presence of high-quality reservoirs， are crucial to hydrocarbon enrichment. This type of source rock-reservoir assemblage generally exhibits inferior oil-bearing properties.

Key words: enrichment condition, enrichment model, source rock-reservoir assemblage, oil in tight （low-permeability） sandstone reservoirs, Linnan Sub-sag, Bohai Bay Basin

CLC Number:

TE122.3

Zaihua HAN, Hua LIU, Lanquan ZHAO, Jingdong LIU, Lijuan YIN, Lei LI. Source rock-reservoir assemblage types and differential oil enrichment model in tight （low-permeability） sandstone reservoirs in the Paleocene Shahejie Formation in the Linnan Sub-sag， Bohai Bay Basin[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2024, 45(3): 722-738.

Figures/Tables 15

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Table 1

Comparison of oil-bearing properties and accumulation conditions of the various source rock-reservoir assemblages in the Linnan Sub-sag"

源-储组合类型		源-储共生型	源-储紧邻型	源-储间隔型
含油性	油气显示比例/%	28.0～100.0	9.0～78.0	2.5～25.0
	含油饱和度/%	22～83	17～75	2～51
	平均日产油量/t	11.4	6.4	1.1
供烃条件	平均烃源岩厚度/m	180.6	100.9	66.9
供烃条件	优质烃源岩占比/%	70.0	70.0	42.8
运聚动力条件	源-储剩余压力差/ MPa	3.0～16.9	—	—
运聚动力条件	源-储剩余压力梯度/（MPa/km）	—	18～465	5～60
输导条件		孔缝输导	孔缝-断裂-砂体联合输导	断裂-砂体输导
储集条件	砂体平均累计厚度/m	43.8	75.7	72.9
	单砂体厚度/m	>5	0～6	0～6
	平均孔隙度/%	9.6	12.5	8.5
	渗透率中值/（ $10 - 3 μ m 2)$	0.50	0.58	0.32
	孔隙特征	次生溶蚀孔和晶间孔增多	残余粒间孔和次生溶蚀孔为主	次生溶蚀孔和晶间孔增多

Table 1

Fig.13

Fig.14

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Source rock-reservoir assemblage types and differential oil enrichment model in tight （low-permeability） sandstone reservoirs in the Paleocene Shahejie Formation in the Linnan Sub-sag， Bohai Bay Basin

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