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Table of Content

    25 June 2000, Volume 21 Issue 2
    GENESIS OF CENOZOIC BASINS IN NORTHWEST PACIFIC OCEAN MARGIN(1):COMMENTS ON BASIN-FORMING MECHANISM
    Xu Junyuan, Zhang Linyun
    2000, 21(2):  93-98.  doi:10.11743/ogg20000201
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    This article briefly describes variou hypotheses of the genesis of Cenozoic basins in northwest Pacific margin and emphasizes the analysis principle of basin genesis.The basins' spatial geometric forms deduced from the hypotheses of back-arc active extension,back-arc passive tension and regional left-lateral extrusion do not coincide with the actural ones;and the deduced block movement and displacement do not balance in space.The hypothese of regional right lateral shear pulling-apart is the starting point in revealing the genesis of the basins in the northwest Pacific Ocean margin.Finally the feature of ocean crust of marginal sea basins was discussed with Japan Sea and South China Sea as examples.It is suggested that the so-called ocean crust is acturally the thinned continental crust.

    TECTONIC STRESS AND OIL-GAS POOL FORMATION AND DISTRIBUTION
    Sun Qiang, Xie Hongsen, Guo Jie, Su Genli, Ding Dongye
    2000, 21(2):  99-103.  doi:10.11743/ogg20000202
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    Tectonic stress plays an important role in the process of oil-gas pool formation and distribution.On one hand,tectonic stress produces mechanical energy and strength chemical action which improve the thermal degredation of kerogen and oil generation;on the other hand,tectonic stress can influence the fluid potential which results in oil and gas migration from higher potential zone to lower potential zone.In addition,the stress also produces tectonic traps for oil and gas accumulation and enrichment and controlls their distribution.

    OIL AND GAS POOL FORMING CONDITION AND EXPLORATION PROSPECTS OF ORDOVICIAN CARBONATE ROCKS IN AKEKULE REGION,TARIM BASIN
    Zhou Yongchang, Wang Xinwei, Yang Guolong
    2000, 21(2):  104-109.  doi:10.11743/ogg20000203
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    Oil and gas fields such as Tahe 3,4,5 and Lunnan buried hill were found in the Ordovician carbonate rocks in Akekule region,Tarim Basin.The oil and gas are mainly distributed in the weathered crust and leaching zones of buried hill,vados and underflow karst with the thickness of 250 m;in paleo karst highland and slopes,the convergent places of fualts and fractures.The carbonate rock reservoirs are fracture,cave and hole types;the Carboniferous mudstone is the cover of the lower Ordovician,the Lower Ordovician dense limestone is impermeable sealing bed,and Late Hercynian is the main pool-forming stage.

    HYDROCARBON RESOURCES AND EXPLORATION STRATEGY OF FORELAND BASINS IN SOUTHWEST TARIM BASIN
    Jin Zhijun, L? Xiuxiang
    2000, 21(2):  110-113,117.  doi:10.11743/ogg20000204
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    The southwest foreland basins in Tarim Basin is composed of Paleozoic basins and the Meso-Cenozoic foreland basins.The basin is in dust-pan shape uplifted northward.The basin possesses multi-set of source rocks,multi reservoir-cap rock assemblage and various trap types.The hydrocarbon resources amount is about 6 billion tons calculated by different methods in different exploration stages.The strategy for further exploration of the basin is that the piedmont structure of Kunlun Mountains should be drilled and tested,geological survey should be made in Maigaiti slope so as to find traps,to study hydrocarbon migration and accumulation model in the transitional faulted belt between the slope and Bachu Uplift.

    RECOGNITION OF NATURAL GAS EXPLORATION IN FORELAND BASINS OF CENTRAL-WEST CHINA
    Ma Xinhua, Wei Guoqi, Qian Kai, Li Yahong
    2000, 21(2):  114-117.  doi:10.11743/ogg20000205
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    Meso-Cenozoic foreland basins in Central-west China have favourable geological conditions and gas resource potential,and their natural gas reserves are one fourth of the total amount of China's gas reserves.In recent years,a series of important breakthroughs in gas exploration have been made,a number of big and medium gas fields including Kela-2,Yinan-2,Baimamiao,Hutubi and Nanbaxian gas fields have been discovered.This thus further proved that the foreland basins in Central-west China are the most favourable target areas for gas exploration,and Kuqa,west Sichuan,the south marginal area of Junggar Basin and the north marginal area of Qaidam Basin should be the focal point targets.To make even great breakthrough of gas exploration in the study area,seismic exploration in mountains,the recognition and prediction of complex reservoirs,well drilling and well completion technologies should be strenghened.

    DISTRIBUTION PATTERN OF PYRROLIC NITROGEN COMPOUND IN CRUDE OILS
    Li Sume, Zhang Aiyun, Wang Tieguan
    2000, 21(2):  118-122,132.  doi:10.11743/ogg20000206
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    Test results of different types of crude oils show that pyrrolic compounds such as carbazole,benzocarbazole and dibenzocarbazole are found,and the first two types are predominent.The relative abundance of the homologues of these two types show normal distribution,which is closeby related to source material types and the effect of oil and gas migration and thermal maturation.The crude oil that was mainly derived from high plant contains relatively more alkylbenzocarbazole and dibenzocarbazole;the increase of oil and gas migration distance could result in the enrichment of carbazole series;the increase of maturity could increase the enrichment of low molecular weight compounds.The pyrrolic compounds have various isomers,this might be related to different mother materials of kerogen.

    GEOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF BROWN COAL FROM NIANZIPING MINE,QINZHOU,GUANGXI——BIOMARKER ASSEMBLAGES OF AROMATIC FRACTION
    Zeng Fangang, Wang Tieguan, Wu Chaodong
    2000, 21(2):  123-126.  doi:10.11743/ogg20000207
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    The polycyclic aromatic fraction of the Tertiary brown coal from Guangxi Nianziping Mine are composed mainly of aromatic hydrocarbons(aromatizing-de-a-triterpane and diaromatic-8,14-seco-triterpane)produced from higher plants and bacterial remaking higher plants.The hydrocarbon contribution produced from microbe and microbial remaking higher plants are outstanding,though higher plants are the main hydrocarbon source.This kind of intensively microbial propagated brown coal is a kind of good source that can produce immature oil and gas,thus,attention should be paid to the above mentioned oil and gas exploration of the coal measures.

    ANALYSIS OF CENOZOIC TECTONIC SUBSIDENCE HISTORY OF THE EAST TECTONIC BELTS IN HUANGHUA DEPRESSION
    Wang Ziyu, Qi Jiafu, Lu Kezheng
    2000, 21(2):  127-129,167.  doi:10.11743/ogg20000208
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    The east tectonic belt of Huanghua Depression includes Qidong,Baidong and Xingang tectonic belts.The reconstruction of the Cenozoic subsidence history of the east Huanghua tectonic belt was made by denuded amount analysis of three boreholes in the basin. The tectonic subsidence curves of the wells show that a rapid tectonic subsidence happened in the study area during Shahejie period,suggesting a rifting phase;a slow tectonic subsidence happened during Dongying period,suggesting a transitional phase of rifting-subsiding;Guantao-Minghuazhen period was a subsiding phase.The comparison of the three boreholes of the three tectonic belts situated on the same measuring line indicates that Qidong tectonic belt in the south part has the maximum amount of tectonic subsidance;Baidong tectonic belt in the middle is secondary and Xingang tectonic belt in the north part has the minimum amount.The tectonic subsidence trend reflects the extensional amount trend.

    QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS METHOD OF FACTORS AFFECTING PHYSICAL PROPERTIES FOR SANDSTONE RESERVOIRS
    Zhong Dakang, Zhang Chongjun, Wen Yingchu
    2000, 21(2):  130-132.  doi:10.11743/ogg20000209
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    The partial correlation analysis of multiple factors combined with multiple regression is used to find the essence of the problem,and seriate the factors.This paper introduces the basic concepts and analysis steps of this method through the case study of Jurassic sandstone reservoirs in Fubei Slope of east Junggar Basin,and discusses the primary and secondary factors influencing sandstone reservoirs'physical properties in this area.The results coincide with the actual state.

    STUDY ON PASSAGE SYSTEM OF PETROLIFEROUS BASINS
    Zhang Zhaolu, Wang Hua, Yang Hong
    2000, 21(2):  133-135.  doi:10.11743/ogg20000210
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    A passage system means the total amount of passages within a petroliferous system and its relative country rocks.The passage system could be divided into passage type, fracture type, fault type and unconformity type.A petroliferous system could have a passage system of several types.Different passage systems may result in different oil and gas migration and accumulation patterns,and in turn,the migration and accumulation patterns could reform the old passage system or even form new ones.Since the passage systems are relatively independent,spacio temporal characterisics and complicated,their 3-D space comfigurations and transporting capacities should be studied.

    BREAKING PRESSURE OF GAS CAP ROCKS
    Deng Zuyou, Wang Shaochang, Jiang Zhenglong, Chen Zhaonian
    2000, 21(2):  136-138.  doi:10.11743/ogg20000211
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    According to a modeling experiment,breaking pressure is apprioximatly calculated by the alternate drive force of gas drived into the core samples of cap strata,the samples were set in a status similar to its real geological status quo anter.It is found that the breaking pressure increases with the decreasing of permeability.Under the same permeability,the breaking pressure in gas,oil and water bearing stata double one by one;the relation between breaking pressure and porosity is in reverse correlation.According to the parameters of the pressure,the sealing abilities of the cap rocks could be divided into six grades,and the complex grading evaluation criteria of gas cap rock sealing ability that is suitable for China is established.

    DIAGENESIS AND PORE EVOLUTION OF LOWER Es3 VOLCANIC ROCKS IN OULITUOZI REGION
    Qiu Longwei, Jiang Zaixing, Xi Qingfu
    2000, 21(2):  139-143,147.  doi:10.11743/ogg20000212
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    The volcanic rocks of the Lower Es3 in Oulituozi region are mainly volcaniclastic rock,basalt and trachyte.The volcanic rock diagenesis and reservoir space evelution are studied.It is considered that,different deposition stages have different paleo geothermal gradients,and different diagenetic stages correspond to different depths.Thick volcanic rocks from Sha-1 mumber to present are in the early diagenetic B-stage;the reservoir spaces are generally fissure-primary porosity and fissure compound porosity,and are poorly preserved;the volcanic rocks in the lower part are mainly well-developed fissure-secondarfy porosity.

    POOL-FORMING MODELS AND EXPLORATION METHOD OF NATURAL GAS——TAKE WEST SICHUAN GAS POOLS AS AN EXAMPLE
    Xie Zehua
    2000, 21(2):  144-147.  doi:10.11743/ogg20000213
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    Gas pool-forming mechanism differs greatly from oil pool-forming mechanism.Separate reservation,superpressure migration,reservoir formed pool and multi grade supply is the popular gas pool-forming model.Transtensional fracture developed area is favourable for the formation of gas reservoirs.To explore gas resources,one should adopt multi lateral horizontal well in drilling-planning and unbalance drilling in operation.

    EFFECT OF WETTABILITY ON RECOVERY AND RELATIVE PERMEABILITY
    Liu Zhongyun, Zhen Qinghui, Tang Zhouhuai, Zhang Gongshe
    2000, 21(2):  148-150.  doi:10.11743/ogg20000214
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    The effect of wettability on recovery and relative permeability by waterflood test and the method of controlling rock wettability by aging crude oil are studied in this paper.The results show that waterflood recovery of weak water-wet rock is the highest;the oil relative permeability of water-wet rock is higher than that of oil-wet rock;the adsorption of heavy polar materials in crude oil can effect the wettability of rock surface and oil-wet may be ehanced with the increase of aging time.

    STUDY ON FUTE CONGLOMERATE RESERVOIRPROPERTY AND EXPLORATION COUNTERMEASURE
    Liang Guanzhong, Miao Kun, Dang Yan, Zhang Shujuan
    2000, 21(2):  151-156.  doi:10.11743/ogg20000215
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    The textural maturity and compositional maturity of Fute conglomerate oil reservoirs are low,the cements are mainly tuffaceous materials with double modular texture.Reservoir physical property is affected by fractures.The fractures,however,made little contribution to porosity,but considerable contribution to permeability.According to the types,the contents of cements,and facture development,the reservoirs could be divided into fracture,pore fracture and pore cave types.It is suggested that the above mentioned reservoirs of Ha-22 fault block developed well than those of Ha-43 fault block.On this basis,reasonal ratio of injection to recovery and presure,the injection and recovery stratigraphic horizons are determined and the results are satisfactory.

    ASSESSMENT METHOD OF CARBONATE RESERVOIR BASED ON WELL LOG DATA:AN EXAMPLE OF SHU-103 BLOCK BURIED HILL IN WEST LIAOHE DEPRESSION
    Wu Zhiyong, Guo Jianhua, Wu Dongsheng, He Hong
    2000, 21(2):  157-160.  doi:10.11743/ogg20000216
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    Shu-103 block buried hill in west Liaohe Depression consists of Middle Proterozoic dolomicrite,lime dolostone and dolomitic limestone.Its main reservoir spaces include solution cavities and pores,fractures,micro pores and fractures.According to the characteristics of log curve of carbonate reservoir,gamma ray,density,acoustic and resistivity log curve are selected to be evaluating indicators,and endue different log data with different values.The segments of a reservoir is caluclated,then sum up the values of every curve and compare the results with criterion of the reservoir,the reservoir type could be determined.The results of this method is proved to be correct.

    APPLICATION OF SEISMIC INTERVAL VELOCITY IN STUDY OF FAULT-SEALING
    Zeng Tao, Xu Hongjie, She Xiaoyu, Zhou Lingfang
    2000, 21(2):  161-163.  doi:10.11743/ogg20000217
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    There is a certain functional relation between seismic interval velocity and formation porosity as well as residual porosity.The residual porosity indicates the compaction state of the formations. Hence the sealing capacity of faults can be predicted by seismic interval velocity. The followings are the procedure:(1)to determine relation curves of porosity changing with depth by regressive analysis;(2)to classify the compaction grade according to residual porosity and discriminate fault sealing.This method has been used in Luntai fault in Tarim Basin,and the result is satisfactory.

    POOL-FORMING CHARACTERS OF C OIL-BEARINGGROUP IN CENTRAL TARIM REGION
    Sun Dejun, Zhang Shaochen, Liu Wenlong, Zhang Xiaodong
    2000, 21(2):  164-167.  doi:10.11743/ogg20000218
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    C oil gas-bearing group is the principal pay bed in Central Tarim Basin.It is composed of Donghe sandstone as reservoir rock and shale of Bachu Formation as sealing bed.The regoinal unconformity originated in ealier Hercynian tectonic movement did not only destroy the hydrocarbon pools formed earlier,but also stopped the main source rocks from hydrocarbon generating of Middle-Upper Ordovician.Since the Late Hercynian,the main source rocks started secondary hydrocarbon generating and expelling,and trap forming stage was the main pool-forming stage of the C group.Multi-tectonic deformation resulted in a series of Carboniferous third-order structural belts of east-west strike and a lot of traps.The spatial arrangement of the third-order structural belts formed hydrocarbon confluent ridges.The traps can develop into hydrocarbon pools or not are determined by the location whether the traps are on the ridges or not.

    ULTRAVIOLET SPECTROMETRY——A NEW TECHNIQUE FOR CALCULATING OIL PRODUCTION ALLOCATION OF MINGLING RECOVERY WELLS
    Zou Yuzheng, Ma Ting, Mei Bowen
    2000, 21(2):  168-172.  doi:10.11743/ogg20000219
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    Both the gas fingerprint chromatography and the preprocessing of reverse liquid chromatogram have shown their faults in calculating oil production allocation of mingling recovery wells.These faults could be solved through the determination of the concentration of metallic ions in multi-component systems by partial least-square ultraviolet spectrometry. Oils in different horizons have different ultraviolet spectrum absorption. The linear stacking relationship between crude oil absorptivity and oil production allocation percentage could be established according to Lambert-Beer's law,and oil production allocation of each end member could be calculated.Following points should be taken into acount in data processing by this method: 1.betterlinearrelationship between the absorbance and concentration in selected wavelength range(interval); 2.selecting data with great difference of absorptivity in the interval of 200~400 nm wavelength; 3.selecting quantitative analysis in the range of peak tops; 4.avoiding sharp peaks.

    RESERVOIR PARAMETER INVERSION USING NEURAL FUZZY SYSTEM
    Yang Bin, Xiao Cixun, Wang Bin, Peng Zhenming
    2000, 21(2):  173-176.  doi:10.11743/ogg20000220
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    Although a lot of developments have been gained on the reservoir parameters inversion with the artificial neural Networks(ANN),but the problem of the finite training data has been exist for a long time,and ANN is difficult to handle fuzzy expert knowledge.In order to make full use of expert knowledge,a nonlinear intelligent inversion approach based on neural networks driven fuzzy reasoning(NNFR)system is presented in this paper to achieve the ability of self learning,self adapation and fuzzy information input.With some practical application of proposed methods,much better results of reservoir parameter inversion from analysis data are obtained.

    REVIEWING 218ΡO RADON MEASUREMENT
    Zhang Linping, Ruan Tianjian
    2000, 21(2):  177-179.  doi:10.11743/ogg20000221
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    Use radon measurement to explore oil and gas, one have to improve the sampling device and test conditions.The added sealing rubber ring in the improved sampler could not only act as a sealing but also locate casing pipe;the inprovement of test conditions include prolonging the sampling time and increasing well-hole depth from 35 cm to 155 cm. The improved device was used to test Wen-31 oil pool,the counting rate was more than 80 pulse/min. The cyclic anomaly was clearly reflected in plan,and negative anomaly was also measured.

    MULTIVARIATE THINKING IN SCIENTIFIC RESEARCHES
    He Zi'ai
    2000, 21(2):  180-183.  doi:10.11743/ogg20000222
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    Scientific researches are creative intelligence activities,thinking is the core and soul.Blazing new trail in science and technology is to probe the unknown depending on scientific revolutionary spirit and creative thinking.The formation of creative thinking in scientific researches should undergo two stages,one is conception stage and the other is construction stage.The former is dominated by sudden,nonlinear and skip thinking;the later is dominated by gradual,linear and continuous thinking.Most of the thinking activities are in two extremities,they are realism and idealism.Each of them has its own value,its own function and application range.They must be multivariate complementary in giving full play to their superiority.