高阶煤层气储层非均质性及其定量评价——以沁水盆地南部郑庄区块为例

doi:10.11743/ogg20160110

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 煤储层非均质性影响煤层气开采。以沁水盆地南部郑庄区块3#煤层为例，开展高阶煤层气储层非均质性研究。采用变异系数定量评价了煤储层物性参数（含气量、吸附时间、宏观和显微裂隙密度）和煤岩学参数（显微组分和最大镜质体反射率）在储层纵向上的非均质发育特征。结果表明：煤储层参数层内非均质程度由强至弱依次为吸附时间（平均变异系数0.5246）、矿物质含量（0.4665）、总显微裂隙密度（0.4381）、总宏观裂隙密度（0.3143）、惰质组含量（0.2473）、镜质组含量（0.1125）、含气量（0.0877）和最大镜质组反射率（0.0135）。其中，吸附时间、矿物质含量和裂隙密度层内非均质性较强，是需要重点评价的储层参数。研究成果为煤层气储层非均质性的精细刻画以及定量评价提供了新的思路。

关键词: 变异系数, 层内非均质性, 高阶煤储层, 郑庄区块, 沁水盆地

Abstract: Coal reservoir heterogeneity affects the exploitation of coalbed methane (CBM).The No.3 coal reservoir in the Zhengzhuang block in southern Qinshui Basin was taken as an example for intra-stratal heterogeneity study of high rank CBM,and vertical heterogeneity characteristics was quantitatively evaluated on physical properties (gas content,adsorption time,densities of macro-micro fracture) and coal petrology (macerals and maximum vitrinite reflectance) by using a variation coefficient.The following results were obtained.The ranking of intra-stratal heterogeneity of coal reservoir parameters from strong to weak is adsorption time (average variation coefficient is 0.5246),mineral content (0.4665),total density of micro-fracture (0.4381), total density of macro-fracture (0.3143), inertinite content (0.2473),vitrinite content (0.1125),gas content (0.0877) and maximum vitrinite reflectance (0.0135),among which adsorption time,mineral matter content and fracture densities have stronger intra-stratal heterogeneity and need to be evaluated as key parameters.This study proposed a new method for the description and quantitative evaluation of intra-stratal heterogeneity of coal reservoir.

Key words: variation coefficient, intra-stratal heterogeneity, high rank coal reservoir, Zhengzhuang block, Qinshui Basin

中图分类号:

TE122.2

李俊乾,卢双舫,薛海涛,等. 高阶煤层气储层非均质性及其定量评价——以沁水盆地南部郑庄区块为例[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2016, 37(1): 72-79. doi: 10.11743/ogg20160110 Li Junqian,Lu Shuangfang,Xue Haitao,et al. Intra-stratal heterogeneity of high rank coalbed methane reservoirs and their quantitative evaluation: A case study from Zhengzhuang block in the southern Qinshui Basin[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2016, 37(1): 72-79. doi: 10.11743/ogg20160110

参考文献

[1] 张慧.煤孔隙的成因类型及其研究[J].煤炭学报,2001,26(1):40-43. Zhang Hui.Genetical type of proes in coal reservoir and its research significance[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2001,26(1):40-43.
[2] Shevkoplyas V N,Saranchuk V I.The impregnation effect on low and middle rank coals structure reorganization and their behavior during pyrolysis[J].Fuel,2000,79(5):557-565.
[3] Machnikowska H,Krzton A,Machnikowski J.The characterization of coal macerals by diffuse reflectance infrared spectroscopy[J].Fuel,2002,81(2):245-252.
[4] Prinz D,Pyckhout-Hintzen W,Littke R.Development of the meso-and macroporous structure of coals with rank as analysed with small angle neutron scattering and adsorption experiments[J].Fuel,2004,83(4/5):547-556.
[5] 龙胜祥,李辛子,叶丽琴,等.国内外煤层气地质对比及其启示[J].石油与天然气地质,2014,35(5):696-703. Long Shengxiang,Li Xinzi,Ye Liqin,et al.Comparison and enlightenment of coalbed methane geology at home and abroad[J].Oil & Gas Geology,2014,35(5):696-703.
[6] 张尚虎,汤达祯,王明寿.沁水盆地煤储层孔隙差异发育主控因素[J].天然气工业,2005,25(1):37-40. Zhang Shanghu,Tang Dazhen,Wang Mingshou.Main control factor affecting pore differential development of the coal reservoirs in Qinshui basin[J].Natural Gas Industry,2005,25(1):37-40.
[7] 鲁静,邵龙义,鞠奇,等.柴北缘大煤沟矿区侏罗纪煤系层序地层及其煤岩变化特征[J].煤田地质与勘探,2009,37(4):9-14. Lu Jing,Shao Longyi,Ju Qi,et al.Coal petrography variation in the sequence stratigraphic frame of the Jurassic coal measures of Dameigou mine area in Northern Qaidam Basin[J].Coal Geology & Exploration,2009,37(4):9-14.
[8] Yao Y,Liu D,Cai Y,et al.Advanced characterization of pores and fractures in coals by nuclear magnetic resonance and X-ray computed tomography[J].Science China:Earth Sciences,2010,53(6):854-862.
[9] Yao Y,Liu D,Che Y,et al.Petrophysical characterization of coals by low-field nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)[J].Fuel,2010,89(7):1371-1380.
[10] 沈玉林,秦勇,郭英海,等."多层叠置独立含煤层气系统"形成的沉积控制因素[J].地球科学-中国地质大学学报,2012,37(3):573-579. Shen Yulin,Qin Yong,Guo Yinghai,et al.Sedimentary controlling factor of unattached multiple superimposed coalbed-methane system formation[J].Earth Science-Journal of China University of Geosciences,2012,37(3):573-579.
[11] Li J,Liu D,Yao Y,et al.Physical characterization of the pore-fracture system in coals,Northeastern China[J].Energy Exploration & Exploitation,2013,31(2):267-285.
[12] 郭德勇,韩德馨,张建国.平顶山矿区构造煤分布规律及成因研究[J].煤炭学报,2002,27(3):249-253. Guo Deyong,Han Dexin,Zhang Jianguo.Research on the occurrence and distribution of structural coal in Pingdingshan coal district[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2002,27(3):249-253.
[13] 李清.山西延川南煤层气田2号煤层煤相研究:煤层气开发选区意义[J].石油实验地质,2014,36(2):245-248. Li Qing.Coal facies of no.2 coal in Yanchuannan coal field of Shanxi:Significance for constituencies of coalbed methane exploitation[J].Petroleum Geology & Experiment,2014,36(2):245-248.
[14] 秦勇,王文峰,宋党育,等.山西平朔矿区上石炭统太原组11号煤层沉积地球化学特征及成煤微环境[J].古地理学报,2005,7(2):249-260. Qin Yong,Wang Wenfeng,Song Dangyu,et al.Geochemistry characteristics and sedimentary micro-environments of No.11 coal seam of the Taiyuan formation of Upper Carboniferous in Pingshuo mining district,Shanxi province[J].Journal of Palaeogeography,2005,7(2):249-260.
[15] 王绍清,唐跃刚.神东矿区煤岩学特征及煤相[J].中国煤田地质,2007,19(5):4-7. Wang Shaoqing,Tang Yuegang.Coal petrological characteristics and coal facies in Shendong mining area[J].Coal Geology of China,2007,19(5):4-7.
[16] 秦勇,王文峰,李壮福,等.海侵作用影响下的高分辨煤相序列及其古泥炭沼泽发育模式-以山西北部安太堡上石炭统太原组11号煤层为例[J].地质学报,2008,82(2):234-245. Qin Yong,Wang Wenfeng,Li Zhuangfu,et al.High-resolution coal facies sequence and peat paleo-bog pattern during the transgression[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,2008,82(2):234-245.
[17] 李俊乾,刘大锰,姚艳斌,等.基于无量纲裂缝导流能力的煤储层压裂效果分析[J].高校地质学报,2012,18(3):573-578. Li Junqian,Liu Dameng,Yao Yanbin,et al.Analysis of hydraulic fracturing effect of coal reservoir based on dimensionless fracture conductivity[J].Geological Journal of China Universities,2012,18(3):573-578.
[18] 陈跃,汤达祯,许浩,等.应用测井资料识别煤体结构及分层[J].煤田地质与勘探,2014,42(1):19-23. Chen Yue,Tang Dazhen,Xu Hao,et al.Application of logging data in recognition of coal structure and stratification[J].Coal Geology & Exploration,2014,42(1):19-23.
[19] 陆小霞,黄文辉,王佳旗,等.沁水盆地柿庄北深部煤层煤体结构发育特征[J].煤田地质与勘探,2014,42(3):8-11. Lu Xiaoxia,Huang Wenhui,Wang Jiaqi,et al.The development characteristics of deep coal structure in northern Shizhuang area[J].Coal Geology & Exploration,2014,42(3):8-11.
[20] 陈杰,周鼎武.鄂尔多斯盆地合水地区长8储层微观非均质性的试验分析[J].中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),2010,34(4):13-18. Chen Jie,Zhou Dingwu.Experimental analysis on micro-anisotropy of Chang 8 reservoir in Heshui area,Ordos basin[J].Journal of China University of Petroleum,2010,34(4):13-18.
[21] 魏晨阳,朱玉双,马永宁,等.定边地区长8₂储层微观非均质性试验分析[J].长江大学学报,2012,9(12):53-56. Wei Chenyang,Zhu Yushuang,Ma Yongning,et al.Experimental analysis on micro-anisotropy of Chang 8₂ reservoir in Dingbian area[J].Journal of YangtZe University,2012,9(12):53-56.
[22] 施尚明,房晓萌,关帅,等.稠油油田开发中后期储层非均质性评价与应用[J].断块油气田,2013,20(5):627-630. Shi Shangming,Fang Xiaomeng,Guan Shuai,et al.Evaluation and application of reservoir heterogeneity in middle and late periods of heavy oilfield development[J].Fault-Block Oil & Gas Field,2013,20(5):627-630.
[23] 江山,蒋明煊,程彦武.A油田储层非均质性研究[J].西南石油大学学报(自然科学版),2008,30(6):101-104. Jiang Shan,Jiang Mingxuan,Cheng Yanwu.Study on the reservoir heterogeneity in oilfield A[J].Journal of Southwest Petroleum University(Science & Technology Edition),2008,30(6):101-104.
[24] 刘海松,匡建超,霍志磊,等.储层非均质性定量评价新方法-以XC气田须二气藏为例[J].天然气技术与经济,2013,7(1):16-18. Liu Haisong,Kuang Jianchao,Huo Zhilei,et al.A new method to evaluate quantitatively reservoir heterogeneity-an example from Xujiahe 2 gas reservoir in XC Gas-field[J].Natural Gas Technology & Economy,2013,7(1):16-18.
[25] 施冬,张春生.基于GIS的储层非均质性灰色综合评价研究[J].地理空间信息,2008,6(5):12-14. Shi Dong,Zhang Chunsheng.GIS-based grey comprehensive evaluation on oil-gas reservoir heterogeneity[J].Geospatial information,2008,6(5):12-14.
[26] 严科,杨少春,任怀强.储层宏观非均质性定量表征研究[J].石油学报,2008,29(6):870-874. Yan Ke,Yang Shaochun,Ren Huaiqiang.Research on quantitative characterization of macroscopic heterogeneity of reservoir[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2008,29(6):870-874.
[27] 吴何珍,符力耘,兰晓雯.基于随机介质模型的储层非均质性分析[J].地球物理学进展,2008,23(3):793-799. Wu Hezhen,Fu Liyun,Lan Xiaowen.Analysis of reservoir heterogeneity based on random media models[J].Progress in Geophysics,2008,23(3):793-799.
[28] 王延忠,乔勇.利用局部变差函数描述储层非均质性[J].石油天然气学报(江汉石油学院学报),2010,32(2):39-42. Wang Yanzhong,Qiao Yong.Characterization of reservoir heterogeneity by using locally varying variogram[J].Journal of Oil and Gas Technology,2010,32(2):39-42.
[29] 杨庆红,谭吕,蔡建超,等.储层微观非均质性定量8表征的分形模型[J].地球物理学进展,2012,27(2):603-609. Yang Qinghong,Tan Lv,Cai Jianchao,et al.Fractal models for quantitative characterization of the reservoir microscopic heterogeneity[J].Progress in Geophysics,2012,27(2):603-609.
[30] 田景春,刘伟伟,王峰,等.鄂尔多斯盆地高桥地区上古生界致密砂岩储层非均质性特征[J].石油与天然气地质,2014,35(2):183-189. Tian Jingchun,Liu Weiwei,Wang Feng,et al.Heterogeneity of the Paleozoic tight sandstone reservoirs in Gaoqiao Area of Ordos Basin[J].Oil & Gas Geology,2012,27(2):603-609.
[31] 黄文彪,邓守伟,卢双舫,等.泥页岩有机非均质性评价及其在页岩油资源评价中的应用-以松辽盆地南部青山口组为例[J].石油与天然气地质,2014,35(5):704-711. Huang Wenbiao,Deng Shouwei,Lu Shuangfang,et al.Shale organic heterogeneity evaluation method and its application to shale oil resource evaluation-a case study from Qingshankou Formation,southern Songliao Basin[J].Oil & Gas Geology,2014,35(5):704-711.
[32] 王超,陆永潮,杜学斌,等.油页岩岩性非均质性特征及地球物理精细刻画-以苏北盆地溱潼凹陷阜宁组二段为例[J].石油与天然气地质,2015,36(5):814-821. Wang Chao,Lu Yongchao,Du Xuebin,et al.Characteristics and geophysical prediction of lithology heterogeneity of oil shale:Taking the 2^nd Member of Funing Formation of Qintong sag,Subei Basin,as an example[J].Oil & Gas Geology,2015,36(5):814-821.
[33] 李俊乾,刘大锰,姚艳斌,等.基于主地质参数的煤层气有利开发区优选及应用.现代地质,2014,28(3):653-658. Li Junqian,Liu Dameng,Yao Yanbin,et al.A method for targeting favorable coalbed methane development area based on primary geological parameters and its application[J].Geoscience,2014,28(3):653-658.
[34] Li J,Liu D,Yao Y,et al.Influencing factors of the Young's modulus of anthracite coals[J].Applied Mechanics and Materials,2013,295-298:2762-2765.
[35] 孟艳军,汤达祯,李治平,等.高煤阶煤层气井不同排采阶段渗透率动态变化特征与控制机理[J].油气地质与采收率,2015,22(2):66-71. Meng Yanjun,Tang Dazhen,Li Zhiping,et al.Dynamic variation characteristics and mechanism of permeability in high-rank CBM wells at different drainage and production stages[J].Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency,2015,22(2):66-71.
[36] 李俊乾.煤层气开发储层渗透性动态变化规律研究[D].北京:中国地质大学(北京),2014:96-112. Li Junqian.Study on the dynamic changes in coal reservoir permeability during coalbed methane(CBM)recovery[D].Beijing:China University of Geosciences (Beijing),2014:96-112.
[37] Li J,Liu D,Yao Y,et al.Geological controls of the coalbed methane (CBM) enrichment in the Zhengzhuang coal zone,Southern Qinshui Basin,China[J].Advanced Materials Research,2013,616-618:234-239.