柴达木盆地尖北斜坡基岩储层特征及天然气成藏条件

doi:10.11743/ogg20200207

Abstract

Abstract:

Jianbei slope is one of the key areas for natural gas exploration in the eastern segment of the Altun Piedmont, Qaidam Basin, but the analysis of developing characteristics and gas accumulation conditions of the basement reservoirs in this area is still rarely seen.Based on observation of cores and thin sections, combined with major element analysis, XRD, SEM, MIP(mercury intrusion porosimetry)and log-seismic data analysis, we analyzed the developing characteristics of basement reservoirs and the favorable conditions for natural gas accumulation in Jianbei slope, Qaidam Basin.The results show that the basement reservoirs in the study area are dominated by granodiorite, granite and schist.The reservoirs of weathering crust type are developed there, with the semi-weathering crust reservoirs being the best in porosity and per-meability.The reservoir space is mainly matrix micropores, dissolved pores and cracks, with a reservoir porosity ranging between 2.23% and 3.77% and an average permeability of 0.06mD.So the reservoirs are mainly Type Ⅱ reservoirs of medium permeability.The distribution area of the basement reservoirs is adjacent to the Jurassic hydrocarbon kitchen to the west of Pingdong area.The natural gas generated in the kitchen migrated along the well-developed deep-rooted large faults and unconformities at the bottom of basement; then got effectively sealed by the gypsiferous mudstones deposited under the Paleogene saline lacustrine environment on the basement top; and ultimately got accumulated in the faulted anticline trap formed during the Late Pleistocene, resulting in the formation of weathering crust gas reservoir on the basement top.In all, the research results are of instructional significance to further exploration of basement gas reservoirs in Jianbei slope, Qaidam Basin.

Key words: basement, reservoir, accumulation condition, natural gas, Jianbei slope, Qaidam Basin

CLC Number:

TE122.3

Xiaoqin Jiao, Huapeng Niu, Qingbin Xie, Yongshu Zhang, Junwei Li, Zhixiong Wu, Bo Wang, Xin Li. Characteristics of basement reservoirs and setting for natural gas accumulation in Jianbei slope, Qaidam Basin[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2020, 41(2): 305-315.

Figures/Tables 15

Fig.1

Fig.2

Fig.3

Fig.4

Fig.5

Fig.6

Table 1

Fig.7

Fig.8

Fig.10

Fig.11

Table 2

Fig.9

Fig.12

Fig.13

References 32

1	马龙, 刘全新, 张景廉, 等. 论基岩油气藏的勘探前景[J]. 天然气工业, 2006, 26 (1): 8- 11.
	Ma Long , Liu Quanxin , Zhang Jinglian , et al. Discussion on exploration prospects of basement rock reservoirs[J]. Natural Gas Industry, 2006, 26 (1): 8- 11.
2	Amorus K J J , Landes K . Petroleumresources in basement rocks[J]. AAPG Bulletin, 1960, 44 (10): 1682- 1691.
3	Smith J E . Basementreservoir of La Paz-Mara Oil Fields, Western Venezuela:Geological Notes[J]. AAPG Bulletin, 1956, 40 (2): 380- 385.
4	Arechev E G , Dong T L , San N T , et al. Reservoirs in fractured basement on the continental shelf of southern Vietnam[J]. Journal of Petroleum Geology, 2010, 15 (4): 451- 464.
5	田纳新, 陈文学, 霍红, 等. 利比亚锡尔特盆地油气地质特征及有利区带预测[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2008, 29 (04): 485- 490.
	Tian Naxin , Chen Wenxue , Huo Hong , et al. Petroleum geological characteristics and favorable hydrocarbon accumulation zone prediction in the Silt Basin, Libya[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2008, 29 (04): 485- 490.
6	Walters R F . Oilproduction from Precambrian basement rocks in Central Kansas:Abstract[J]. AAPG Bulletin, 1950, 34 (2): 300- 312.
7	景士宏, 李炼文, 敬晓锋, 等. 酒西盆地鸭儿峡油田志留系变质岩油藏的裂缝特征[J]. 河南科学, 2015, 33 (10): 1832- 1837.
	Jing Shihong , Li Lianwen , Jing Xiaofeng , et al. Fracture characteristics of the Silurian metamorphic reservoirs in the Ya'erxia Oilfield, Jiuxi Basin[J]. Henan Sciences, 2015, 33 (10): 1832- 1837.
8	宋柏荣, 胡英杰, 边少之, 等. 辽河坳陷兴隆台潜山结晶基岩油气储层特征[J]. 石油学报, 2011, 32 (01): 77- 82.
	Song Borong , Hu Yingjie , Bian Shaozhi , et al. Characteristics of oil and gas reservoirs of crystalline basement rock in Xinglongtai buried hill, Liaohe depression[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2011, 32 (01): 77- 82.
9	施尚明, 付红军, 樊自立. 海拉尔盆地苏德尔特油田布达特潜山油藏成藏规律[J]. 科学技术与工程, 2011, 11 (14): 3178- 3181.
	Shi Shangming , Fu Hongjun , Fan Zili . Accumulation rules of Budate buried hill reservoir in Sudelt Oilfield, Hailaer Basin[J]. Science Technology and Engineering, 2011, 11 (14): 3178- 3181.
10	田继先, 李剑, 曾旭, 等. 柴北缘深层天然气成藏条件及有利勘探方向[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2019, 40 (5): 1095- 1105.
	Tian Jixian , Li Jian , Zeng Xu , et al. Accumulation conditions and favorable plays for deep gas exploration at the northern margin of Qaidam Basin[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2019, 40 (5): 1095- 1105.
11	杨飞, 徐守余. 全球基岩油气藏分布及成藏规律[J]. 特种油气藏, 2011, 18 (01): 7- 11.
	Yang Fei , Xu Shouyu . Global basement rock reservoir distribution and accumulation Rules[J]. Special Oil & Gas Reservoirs, 2011, 18 (01): 7- 11.
12	吴振林. 略论辽河西部凹陷油气藏类型及其分布规律[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 1982, 3 (02): 149- 157.
	Wu Zhenlin . Brief discussion on the types and distributionof Oil and Gas Reservoirs in the West of Liaohe Depression[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 1982, 3 (02): 149- 157.
13	范泰雍, 谢恭俭. 我国基岩油藏的勘探现状和前景[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 1985, 6 (01): 113- 116.
	Fan Taiyong , Xie Gongjian . Exploration status and prospects of basement rock reservoirs in China[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 1985, 6 (01): 113- 116.
14	张继伟, 田海川, 吕鹏佶. 渤海湾盆地潜山内幕油气藏研究进展与启示[J]. 中外能源, 2014, 19 (08): 35- 39.
	Zhang Jiwei , Tian Haichuan , Lu Pengjie . Research progress and enlightenment of the inner reservoir of buried hills in Bohai Bay Basin[J]. Sino-Global Energy, 2014, 19 (08): 35- 39.
15	陈磊, 田景春, 文怀军, 等. 柴达木盆地北缘鱼卡煤田侏罗系煤层气特征及含气性评价[J]. 石油实验地质, 2019, 41 (2): 215- 221.
	Chen Lei , Tian Jingchun , Wen Huaijun , et al. Jurassic coal bed methane characteristics and gas-bearing property evaluation in Iqe Coalfield, northern Qaidam Basin[J]. Petroleum Geology & Experiment, 2019, 41 (2): 215- 221.
16	孙秀建, 杨巍, 白亚东, 等. 柴达木盆地基岩油气藏特征与有利区带研究[J]. 特种油气藏, 2018, 25 (6): 49- 54.
	Sun Xiujian , Yang Wei , Bai Yadong , et al. Bedrock Reservoir Characterization and Favorable Zonesin Qaidam Basin[J]. Special Oil & Gas Reservoirs, 2018, 25 (6): 49- 54.
17	赵栋, 张霁阳. 柴达木盆地英雄岭构造带构造特征及油气成藏研究进展[J]. 石油地质与工程, 2017, 31 (3): 5- 9.
	Zhao Dong , Zhang Jiyang . Tectonic characteristics of Yingxiongling structural belt in Qaidam basin and research progress of hydrocarbon accumulation[J]. Petroleum Geology & Engineering, 2017, 31 (3): 5- 9.
18	张津宁.柴达木盆地西部生储盖岩系构造演化与油气成藏特征[D].陕西西安:西北大学, 2016.
	Zhang Jingning.Tectonic evolution and hydrocarbon accumulation characteristics of the reservoir-rock-bearing strata in the western Qaidam Basin[D].Shanxi Xian: Northwest University, 2016.
19	王光华.柴达木盆地阿尔金山前带东段断裂特征及演化[D].四川成都:西南石油大学, 2015.
	Wang Guanghua.Fault characteristics and evolution of the eastern segment of the Altun Mountains in the Qaidam Basin[D].Sichuan Chengdu: Southwest Petroleum University, 2015.
20	寇福德, 陈园园, 赵国忠, 等. 柴达木盆地东坪地区基岩气藏特征及模式构建[J]. 石油地质与工程, 2017, 31 (2): 6- 8.
	Kou Fude , Chen Yuanyuan , Zhao Guozhong , et al. Characteristics and pattern construction of bedrock gas reservoir in Dongping area of Qaidam basin[J]. Petroleum Geology & Engineering, 2017, 31 (2): 6- 8.
21	Howard J H , Nolen-Hoeksema R C . Description of natural fracture systems for quantitative use in petroleum geology[J]. AAPG Bulletin, 1990, 74 (2): 151- 162.
22	于冬冬, 张永生, 侯献华, 等. 柴西南翼山构造形成演化及其对油气成藏的控制[J]. 断块油气田, 2017, 24 (06): 740- 744.
	Yu Dongdong , Zhang Yongsheng , Hou Xianhua , et al. Formation and evolution of the southwestern wing of Chaixi and its control over hydrocarbon accumulation[J]. Fault-Block Oil and Gas Field, 2017, 24 (06): 740- 744.
23	覃小锋, 杨文, 许华, 等. 阿尔金构造带西段早古生代侵入岩地球化学特征及构造意义[J]. 新疆地质, 2015, 33 (02): 167- 176.
	Tan Xiaofeng , Yang Wen , Xu Hua , et al. Geochemical characteristics and tectonic significance of the Early Paleozoic intrusive rocks in the western segment of the Altun tectonic belt[J]. Xinjiang Geology, 2015, 33 (02): 167- 176.
24	吴丽荣, 黄成刚, 袁剑英, 等. 咸化湖盆高效基岩气藏储层中基质孔隙的发现及意义[J]. 地球科学与环境学报, 2015, 37 (04): 54- 62.
	Wu Lirong , Huang Chenggang , Yuan Jianying , et al. Discovery and significance of matrix pores in reservoirs of high-efficiency basement rock gas reservoirs in the Xianhua Lake Basin[J]. Journal of Earch Sciences and Environment, 2015, 37 (04): 54- 62.
25	陈新领.柴达木盆地柴西地区喜马拉雅运动与油气成藏研究[D].四川成都:西南石油大学, 2004.
	Chen Xinlin.Himalayan movement and hydrocarbon accumulation in the Chaishi area of the Qaidam Basin[D].Sichuan Chengdu: Southwest Petroleum University, 2004.
26	邹才能, 侯连华, 陶士振, 等. 新疆北部石炭系大型火山岩风化体结构与地层油气成藏机制[J]. 中国科学:地球科学, 2011, 41 (11): 1613- 1626.
	Zou Caineng , Hou Lianhua , Tao Shizhen , et al. Weathering structure and hydrocarbon accumulation mechanism of large-scale volcanic rocks in the Carboniferous in northern Xinjiang[J]. Scientia sinica terrae, 2011, 41 (11): 1613- 1626.
27	刘志宏, 王芃, 刘永江, 等. 柴达木盆地南翼山-尖顶山地区构造特征及变形时间的确定[J]. 吉林大学学报(地球科学版), 2009, 39 (05): 796- 802.
	Liu Zhihong , Wang Peng , Liu Yongjiang , et al. Structural characteristics and deformation time of the South Wingshan-Jiandingshan area in the Qaidam Basin[J]. Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition), 2009, 39 (05): 796- 802.
28	毛黎光, 肖安成, 王亮, 等. 柴达木盆地西北缘始新世晚期古隆起与阿尔金断裂的形成[J]. 岩石学报, 2013, 29 (08): 2876- 2882.
	Mao Liguang , Xiao Ancheng , Wang liang , et al. Late Eocene paleo-upliftand formation of the Altun fault in the northwestern margin of the Qaidam Basin[J]. Acta Petrologica Sinica, 2013, 29 (08): 2876- 2882.
29	Zeqing G , Yinsheng M , Weihong L , et al. Main factors controlling the formation of basement hydrocarbon reservoirs in theQaidam Basin, western China[J]. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 2017, 149 (3): 244- 255.
30	Topal T . Quantification of weathering depths in slightly weathered tuffs[J]. Environmental Geology, 2002, 42 (6): 632- 641. doi: 10.1007/s00254-002-0566-3
31	宋柏荣, 胡英杰, 边少之, 等. 辽河坳陷兴隆台潜山结晶基岩油气储层特征[J]. 石油学报, 2011, 32 (01): 77- 82.
	Song Borong , Hu Yingjie , Bian Shaozhi , et al. Characteristics of oil and gas reservoirs of crystalline basement rock in Xinglongtai buried hill, Liaohe depression[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2011, 32 (01): 77- 82.
32	唐华风, 孔坦, 刘祥, 等. 松辽盆地下白垩统沉火山碎屑岩优质储层特征和形成机理[J]. 石油学报, 2016, 37 (05): 631- 643.
	Tang Huafeng , Kong Tan , Liu Xiang , et al. Characteristics and formation mechanisms of high quality reservoir of volcaniclastic sedimentary rocks of Early Cretaceous in Songliao Basin[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2016, 37 (05): 631- 643.

样品		孔隙度/ %	渗透率/ 10^-3 μm²	最大连通孔喉半径/ μm	最大进汞饱和度/ %	退汞效率/ %
井名	深度/m	孔隙度/ %	渗透率/ 10^-3 μm²	最大连通孔喉半径/ μm	最大进汞饱和度/ %	退汞效率/ %
尖探1井	4 639.73	2.31	0.04	3.868	66.52	28.1
尖探1井	4 640.33	3.18	0.03	0.758	77.37	23.2
尖探1井	4 640.82	3.57	0.03	0.468	73.61	30.0
尖探1井	4 641.98	4.95	0.03	0.714	73.62	25.9
尖探1井	4 642.95	1.98	0.03	1.267	61.43	20.4
尖探1井	4 644.22	2.43	0.03	1.289	63.49	25.7
尖探1井	4 645.25	4.78	0.03	0.799	57.58	23.9
尖探1井	4 645.93	2.68	0.02	1.148	54.38	17.8
尖探1井	4 646.36	3.52	0.02	3.341	82.33	21.9
尖探1井	4 647.70	2.14	0.01	4.083	76.74	22.9

储层类型	储集空间类型	岩心孔隙度/ %	岩心渗透率/ (10^-3 μm²)	最大连通孔喉半径/ μm	面孔率/%
Ⅰ类	基质微孔为主，溶蚀孔、构造缝次之	> 4	> 1	3~5	> 10
Ⅱ类	溶蚀孔为主，溶蚀缝次之	2~4	0.03~1	1~3	5~10
Ⅲ类	发育溶蚀缝、解理缝，少量溶蚀微孔	< 2	< 0.03	< 1	< 5

[1]	Zhenxue Jiang, Xin Li, Xingmeng Wang, Guozhen Wang, Hengyuan Qiu, Deyu Zhu, Hongyang Jiang. Characteristic differences and controlling factors of pores in typical South China shale [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2021, 42(1): 41-53.
[2]	Ruyue Wang, Zongquan Hu, Li Dong, Bo Gao, Chuanxiang Sun, Tao Yang, Guanping Wang, Shuai Yin. Advancement and trends of shale gas reservoir characterization and evaluation [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2021, 42(1): 54-65.
[3]	Hongyan Wang, Zhensheng Shi, Shasha Sun, Leifu Zhang. Characterization and genesis of deep shale reservoirs in the first Member of the Silurian Longmaxi Formation in southern Sichuan Basin and its periphery [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2021, 42(1): 66-75.
[4]	Zhiyuan Lu, Zhiliang He, Chuan Yu, Xin Ye, Donghui Li, Wei Du, Haikuan Nie. Characteristics of shale gas enrichment in tectonically complex regions-A case study of the Wufeng-Longmaxi Formations of Lower Paleozoic in southeastern Sichuan Basin [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2021, 42(1): 86-97.
[5]	Cheng Shen, Lan Ren, Jinzhou Zhao, Mingpei Chen. Division of shale lithofacies associations and their impact on fracture network formation in the Silurian Longmaxi Formation, Sichuan Basin [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2021, 42(1): 98-106, 123.
[6]	Quansheng Cai, Xiaohong Chen, Guotao Zhang, Baomin Zhang, Jing Han, Lin Chen, Peijun Li, Yangui Li. Characteristics and exploration potential of the Wufeng-Longmaxi shale gas reservoirs of Lower Paleozoic in Yichang area, western Hubei Province, China [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2021, 42(1): 107-123.
[7]	Zhongbao Liu, Zongquan Hu, Guangxiang Liu, Zhujiang Liu, Haotian Liu, Jingyu Hao, Pengwei Wang, Peng Li. Pore characteristics and controlling factors of continental shale reservoirs in the Lower Jurassic Ziliujing Formation, northeastern Sichuan Basin [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2021, 42(1): 136-145.
[8]	Zhiguo Shu, Lin Zhou, Xiong Li, Haotian Liu, Yong Zeng, Hongguang Xie, Mingjun Yao, Yanchun Wang. Geological characteristics of gas condensate reservoirs and their exploration and development prospect in the Jurassic continental shale of the Dongyuemiao Member of Ziliujing Formation, Fuxing area, eastern Sichuan Basin [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2021, 42(1): 212-223.
[9]	Bing Zhou, Zhijun Jin, Quanyou Liu, Zengmin Lun, Qingqiang Meng, Dongya Zhu. Alteration of reservoir-caprock systems by using CO₂-rich fluid in the Huangqiao area, North Jiangsu Basin [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2020, 41(6): 1151-1161.
[10]	Zhe Mao, Lianbo Zeng, Guoping Liu, Zhiyong Gao, He Tian, Qing Liao, Yunzhao Zhang. Characterization and effectiveness of natural fractures in deep tight sandstones at the south margin of the Junggar Basin, northwestern China [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2020, 41(6): 1212-1221.
[11]	Jian Li, Lianbo Zeng, Yu Lin, Guoping Liu, Dongsheng Cao, Zhaosheng Wang. Horizontal fractures of the Cenozoic in western Qaidam Basin and their tectonic implication [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2020, 41(6): 1222-1232.
[12]	Bingyu Ji, Youqi Wang, Li Zhang. Research on overall recovery rate variations of dynamically changing OOIP [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2020, 41(6): 1257-1262.
[13]	Meng Li, Xiaofei Shang, Huawei Zhao, Shuang Wu, Taizhong Duan. Prediction of fractures in tight gas reservoirs based on likelihood attribute —A case study of the 2^nd member of Xujiahe Formation in Xinchang area, Western Sichuan Depression, Sichuan Basin [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2020, 41(6): 1299-1309.
[14]	Anwen Hu, Deying Wang, Haibo Yu, Tao Jiang, Zhe Sun. Genesis of natural gas and genetic relationship between the gas and associated condensate in Bozhong 19-6 gas condensate field, Bohai Bay Basin [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2020, 41(5): 903-912, 984.
[15]	Xianzheng Zhao, Jianhui Zeng, Guomeng Han, Sen Feng, Qianru Shi, Yazhou Liu, Dongli Fu, Yanu Wang, Jie Zong, Yi Lu. Charging characteristics and accumulation process of deep low-permeability (tight) sand gas reservoirs in Banqiao Sag, Huanghua Depression [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2020, 41(5): 913-927.

Characteristics of basement reservoirs and setting for natural gas accumulation in Jianbei slope, Qaidam Basin

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

Knowledge

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

Figures/Tables 15

References 32

Related Articles 15

Recommended Articles

Metrics