特提斯域板块构造约束下上扬子地区二叠系龙潭组页岩气的差异性赋存

doi:10.11743/ogg20210101

Abstract

Abstract:

Great success has been achieved in marine shale gas exploration and development worldwide.Exploration in marine-terrestrial transitional and terrestrial shales has also been active in China but a large scale commercial development is yet to come.Based on the analysis of the controlling effect of the Permian plate tectonics on the formation and distribution of prototype basins and organic-rich shales in South China, we explored the petrographic, geochemical and mineral assemblages as well as reservoir characteristics of the Longtan Formation shale in the Sichuan Basin.In comparison to typical shale formations of similar sedimentary settings that are under commercial development elsewhere, we clarified the occurrence features and resource prospect of marine shale gas in the formation.The main conclusions are as follows: (1) Under the influence of the subduction of the Qinling and Jinshajiang (ocean) blocks and other tectonic events such as the Emei taphrogeny, multiple rift basins were developed in both the center and edge of the Yangtze platform and a set of continental-transitional-marine sedimentary system was also deposited by the subsequent intensive tectonic-sedimentary differentiation.(2) The organic-rich Longtan Formation in the Sichuan Basin can be lithologically categorized into three types: the mud-shale intercalated with limestone intervals of deep-water shelf facies, sandstone-mudstone-limestone interbeds of shallow-water shelf facies and mud-shale intercalated with coal beds of tide flat-lagoon facies.(3) The Longtan Formation in northeastern Sichuan Basin that was deep in stagnant water with good sealing and reducing properties during the Permian provided an ideal place for organic matter enrichment.In terms of preservation, the formation was not only confined by the regional Lower Triassic gypsolyte cap rocks, but also perfectly clamped between the Changxing Formation limestone (on top) and the Maokou Formation limestone (at the bottom).(4) The high organic carbon content (TOC>2%), thermal evolution maturity (R_o>2%), porosity (Φ>5%), quartz content (>40%), gas content (desorption gas content>3 m³/t), and high pressure coefficient (about 1.5) of the formation indicate favorable conditions for shale gas generation.(5) The Longtan Formation, similar to such typical marine shales as the Wufeng-Longmaxi Formations in the same basin, or as the Barnett, Ohio, Antrim and New Albany shales in the U.S., is geographically favorable to the generation of large-scale shale gas deposits.It is expected to take the lead in making strategic shale gas exploration breakthroughs, especially in the northeastern and eastern parts of the basin where the burial depth is relatively shallow and the siliceous shale is relatively thick.

Key words: occurrence condition, transitional facies, marine facies, plate tectonics, shale gas, Longtan Formation, Permian, Sichuan Basin

CLC Number:

TE121.2

Zhiliang He, Haikuan Nie, Shuangjian Li, Guangxiang Liu, Jianghui Ding, Ruikang Bian, Zhiyuan Lu. Differential occurence of shale gas in the Permian Longtan Formation of Upper Yangtze region constrained by plate tectonics in the Tethyan domain[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2021, 42(1): 1-15.

Figures/Tables 11

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孔隙类型		成因机制	常见分布特征
有机孔		有机质生烃膨胀	常呈凹坑状或片麻状分布于热演化程度较高的有机质中
无机孔	粘土矿物孔	矿物成岩转化	多见于层状或薄片状粘土矿物颗粒层间和层内
	黄铁矿晶间孔	晶体生长过程中不紧密堆积	见于黄铁矿颗粒接触处
	粒间孔	矿物颗粒堆积形成	多见于软硬颗粒接触处
微裂缝		粘土矿物转化过程中脱水收缩	常呈狭长条带状分布在有机质与(粘土)矿物接触处

参数	页岩层系
参数	Barnett	Ohio	Antrim	New Albany	Lewis	龙马溪组	龙潭组	龙潭组
盆地	Fort Worth	Appalachian	Michigan	Illinois	San Juan	四川盆地	川东南	川东北
时代	密西西比系	泥盆系	泥盆系	泥盆系	白垩系	奥陶系	二叠系	二叠系
沉积环境	海相	海相	海相	海相	过渡相	海相	过渡相	海相
埋深/m	1 981~2 591	610~1 524	183~730	183~1 494	914~1 829	1 500~4 500	1 500~3 500	5 000~6 000
有效厚度/m	30~183	15~60	21~37	15~30	61~91	84~102	20~50	30~50
TOC/%	2.0~7.0	0.5~4.7	1.0~20.0	1.0~25.0	0.45~2.5	1.06~6.89	0.57~18.37	0.6~9.5
R_o/%	1.1~2.2	0.4~1.3	0.4~0.6	0.4~1.0	1.6~1.9	1.6~3.6	2.0~2.2	2.7~3.5
有机质类型	Ⅱ	Ⅰ-Ⅱ	Ⅰ	Ⅱ	Ⅲ为主	Ⅰ-Ⅱ	Ⅲ为主	Ⅱ
孔隙度/%	4.0~5.0	4.7	9.0	10.0~14.0	3.0~5.5	1.2~8.6	5.5	0.5~11.8
石英含量%	35~50	—	20~41	—	10~60	24~44	平均为22	5~59
含气量/(m³·t^-1)	4.2~9.9	1.70~2.83	1.13~2.83	1.13~2.64	0.42~1.28	1.73~ 3.28	0.50~8.78	3.0~8.0
压力系数	0.99~1.02	0.35~0.92	0.81	0.99	0.46~0.58	1.55	—	1.5~2.0

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Differential occurence of shale gas in the Permian Longtan Formation of Upper Yangtze region constrained by plate tectonics in the Tethyan domain

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