塔里木盆地塔北隆起寒武系地层水化学特征、成因及矿物溶解-沉淀模拟

doi:10.11743/ogg20220116

Abstract

Abstract:

The chemical compositions and ion ratio coefficient of the Cambrian formation water taken from 14 wells in Yingmai and Yaha areas and Well Luntan 1 in the Tabei Uplift， Tarim Basin， are analyzed and applied to carry out hydrogeochemical simulation， with the geochemical characteristics， origin and evolution of formation water therein clarified. The results show that the Cambrian formation water in the study area is of CaCl₂ type， high in total dissolved solids （TDS）， and dominated by Na⁺+K⁺ and Cl^-. The concentration of Na⁺+K⁺ and Cl^- is well correlated with TDS of the formation water. Concentration of ions like Na⁺+K⁺， Ca²⁺， Mg²⁺， Cl^- and SO₄^2- tends to decrease first and then increase with the increase of burial depth， consistent with the trend of TDS change with burial depth. Vertically， two hydrochemical zones can be identified in the study area： an overflow-discharge concentration zone and a deep percolation concentration zone. Its sodium-chloride coefficient ranges from 0.39 to 0.55， averaging 0.51； de-sulfuric acid coefficient varies from 0.07 to 1.91 with an average value of 0.35. The results of mineral saturation index simulation by Phreeqc software suggest that saturation index of dolomite ranges from -3.43 to 1.95 with an average of -0.10， and 50.91 % of the dolomite is precipitated； the saturation index of gypsum ranges from -1.77 to 0.12 with an average of -0.80， and 94.64 % of the gypsum is dissolved； the saturation index of calcite ranges from -0.88 to 1.62 with an average of 0.55， and 18.18 % of the calcite is dissolved. A combination of calcite dolomitization and gypsum dissolution in the study area leads to enrichment of Ca²⁺ and deficit of Mg²⁺ in the current formation water. The Cambrian formation water low in metamorphic degree in the study area， can be attributed to seawater evaporation and concentration， ion adsorption and water-rock interactions.

Key words: geochemical characteristics, water-rock interaction, Phreeqc software, formation water, Cambrian, Tabei Uplift, Tarim Basin

CLC Number:

TE122.1

Yaqian Gui, Guangyou Zhu, Zhuang Ruan, Yinghui Cao, Zhenhuan Shen, Qiuhong Chang, Guoping Chen, Bingsong Yu. Geochemical features and origin of the Cambrian formation water in Tabei Uplift，Tarim Basin and its mineral dissolution-precipitation simulation[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2022, 43(1): 196-206.

Figures/Tables 12

Fig.1

Table 1

Fig.2

Fig.3

Fig.4

Table 2

Fig.5

Fig.6

Table 3

Fig.7

Fig.8

Fig.9

References 37

1	Wilson T P， Long D T. Geochemistry and isotope chemistry of Michigan Basin brines： Devonian formations［J］. Applied Geochemistry， 1993， 8（1）：81-100.
2	Yu H Y， Ma T， Du Y， et al. Genesis of formation water in the northern sedimentary basin of South China Sea： Clues from hydrochemistry and stable isotopes （D， ¹⁸O， ³⁷Cl and ⁸¹Br）［J］. Journal of Geochemical Exploration， 2019， 196：57-65.
3	Hanor J S， Mcintosh J C. Diverse origins and timing of formation of basinal brines in the Gulf of Mexico sedimentary basin［J］. Geofluids， 2007， 7（2）：227-237.
4	Worden R H， Manning D A C， Bottrell S H. Multiple generations of high salinity formation water in the Triassic Sherwood Sandstone： Wytch Farm oilfield， onshore UK［J］. Applied Geochemistry， 2006， 21（3）：455-475.
5	Land L S， Macpherson G L. Origin of saline formation waters， Cenozoic Section， Gulf of Mexico sedimentary basin［J］. AAPG Bulletin， 1992， 76（9）：1344-1362.
6	Zhou X， Li C J， Ju X M， et al. Origin of subsurface brines in the Sichuan Basin［J］. Ground Water， 1997， 35（1）：53-58.
7	陈勇，王淼，王鑫涛，等.东营凹陷沙四段地层水化学特征及其指示意义［J］.中国石油大学学报（自然科学版），2015，39（4）：42-52.
	Chen Yong， Wang Miao， Wang Xintao， et al. Chemical characteri⁃stics and implications of formation water of the Es⁃4 Member in Dongying Sag［J］. Journal of China University of Petroleum （Edition of Natural Science），2015， 39（4）：42-52.
8	李鹏春，刘春晓，张渊，等.塔中奥陶系地层水化学特征及其成因与演化［J］.石油与天然气地质，2007，28（6）：802-808.
	Li Pengchun， Liu Chunxiao， Zhang Yuan， et al. Geochemical behaviors of the Ordovician formation water in the Tazhong area and its origin and evolution［J］. Oil & Gas Geology， 2007， 28（6）：802-808.
9	杨春龙，谢增业，董才源，等.塔里木盆地英买2地区奥陶系碳酸盐岩地层水化学特征及储层响应［J］.中国海上油气，2018，30（5）：55-62.
	Yang Chunlong， Xie Zengye， Dong Caiyuan， et al. Chemical characteristics and reservoir response of Ordovician carbonate formation water in YM2 area， Tarim basin［J］. China Offshore Oil and Gas， 2018， 30（5）：55-62.
10	王祥，韩剑发，于红枫，等.塔中北斜坡奥陶系鹰山组地层水特征与油气保存条件［J］.石油天然气学报，2012，34（5）：25-29.
	Wang Xiang， Han Jianfa， Yu Hongfeng， et al. Characteristics of formation water of Ordovician Yingshan Formation in the northern slope of Tazhong Palaeouplift and condition of hydrocarbon preservation［J］. Journal of Oil and Gas Technology， 2012， 34（5）：25-29.
11	刘大永，陈键，彭平安，等.轮南地区碳酸盐岩油气藏类型对地层水特征的控制作用［J］.石油学报，2012，33（3）：367-371.
	Liu Dayong， Chen Jian， Peng Ping’an， et al. The control of reservoir types in Lunnan oilfield on characters of formation water［J］. Acta Petrolei Sinica， 2012， 33（3）：367-371.
12	张天付，黄理力，倪新锋，等.塔里木盆地柯坪地区下寒武统吾松格尔组岩性组合及其成因和勘探意义——亚洲第一深井轮探1井突破的启示［J］.石油与天然气地质，2020，41（5）：928-940.
	Zhang Tianfu， Huang Lili， Ni Xinfeng， et al. Lithological combination，genesis and exploration significance of the Lower Cambrian Wusonggeer Formation of Kalpin area in Tarim Basin： Insight through the deepest Asian onshore well⁃Well Luntan 1［J］. Oil & Gas Geology， 2020， 41（5）：928-940.
13	Jiang L， Cai C T， Worden R H， et al. Multiphase dolomitization of deeply buried Cambrian petroleum reservoirs， Tarim Basin， north⁃west China［J］. Sedimentology， 2016， 63（7）：2130-2157.
14	Zhu G Y， Zhang Z Y， Zhou X X， et al. The complexity， secondary geochemical process， genetic. mechanism and distribution prediction of deep marine oil and gas in the Tarim Basin， China［J］. Earth⁃Science Reviews， 2019， 198：1-28.
15	金之钧，王清晨.中国典型叠合盆地与油气成藏研究新进展——以塔里木盆地为例［J］.中国科学（D辑：地球科学），2004，34（S1）：1-12.
	Jin Zhijun， Wang Qingchen. New progress on typical superposed basins and hydrocarbon accumulation in China： An example of Tarim Basin［J］. Science in China（ Series D： Earth Sciences）， 2004， 34（S1）：1-12.
16	张德民，鲍志东，郝雁，等.塔里木盆地牙哈-英买力寒武系潜山区优质储层形成模式［J］.天然气地球科学，2016，27（10）：1797-1807.
	Zhang Demin， Bao Zhidong， Hao Yan， et al. Formation model of high⁃quality reservoirs within Cambrian buried hill in Yaha⁃Yingmaili area， Tarim Basin［J］. Natural Gas Geoscience， 2016， 27（10）：1797-1807.
17	刘正文，党青宁，董瑞霞，等.塔里木盆地寒武系白云岩地震处理技术应用及效果——以塔北英买32地区中下寒武统为例［J］.天然气地球科学，2015，26（7）：1334-1343.
	Liu Zhengwen， Dang Qingning， Dong Ruixia， et al. Seismic ima⁃ging technique and application of cambrian dolomite rock in Tarim Basin： A case of middle⁃lower cambrian layers of Yingmai 32 area［J］. Natural Gas Geoscience， 2015， 26（7）：1334-1343.
18	王珊，曹颖辉，杜德道，等.塔里木盆地柯坪-巴楚地区肖尔布拉克组储层特征与主控因素［J］.天然气地球科学，2018，29（6）：784-795.
	Wang Shan， Cao Yinghui， Du Dedao， et al. The characteristics and main controlling factors of dolostone reservoir in Lower Cambrian Xiaoerbulak Formation in Keping⁃Bachu area， Tarim Basin， NW China［J］. Natural Gas Geoscience， 2018， 29（6）：784-795.
19	斯扬，张文选，罗安湘，等.姬塬地区长9油层组地层水化学特征及其与油藏的关系［J］.中国石油大学学报（自然科学版）： 2019，43（2）：25-36.
	Si Yang， Zhang Wenxuan， Luo Anxiang， et al. Hydrochemical characteristics and relationship between formation water and hydrocarbon reservoirs for Chang 9 in Jiyuan area［J］. Journal of China University of Petroleum （Edition of Natural Science）： 2019， 43（2）：25-36.
20	康永尚，张一伟.油气成藏流体动力学［M］.北京：地质出版社，1999：1-120.
	Kang Yongshang， Zhang Yiwei. Hydrodynamics of hydrocarbon accumulation［M］. Beijing： Geological Publishing House， 1999：1-120.
21	雷易璇.关于地层水特性及其地质意义概述［J］.化学工程与装备，2018，（4）：129-131.
	Lei Yixuan. An overview of formation water characteristics and its geological significance［J］. Chemical Engineering and Equipment， 2018，（4）：129-131.
22	王君，楼章华，朱蓉，等.渤海湾盆地东濮凹陷文留地区现今地层水化学与油气运聚［J］.石油与天然气地质，2014，35（4）：449-455.
	Wang Jun， Lou Zhanghua， Zhu Rong， et al. Hydrochemistry of paleogene formation water and its relationship with hydrocarbon migration and accumulation in Wenliu Region in Dongpu Sag，Bohai Bay Basin［J］. Oil & Gas Geology， 2014， 35（4）：449-455.
23	梅啸寒，张琴，王雅芸，等.松辽盆地扶新隆起带扶杨油层地层水化学特征及其与油气运聚关系［J］.石油与天然气地质，2020，41（2）：328-338.
	Mei Xiaohan， Zhan Qin， Wang Yayun， et al. Hydrochemical characteristics of formation water and its relationship with hydrocarbon migration and accumulation in Fuyang oil layer in Fuxin Uplift，Songliao Basin［J］. Oil & Gas Geology， 2020， 41（2）：328-338.
24	查明，陈中红.山东东营凹陷前古近系水化学场、水动力场与油气成藏［J］.现代地质，2008，22（4）：567-575.
	Zha Ming， Chen Zhonghong. Formation water chemical and hydrodynamic fields and their relations to the hydrocarbon accumulation in the Pre⁃Tertiary of Dongying Depression， Shandong［J］. Geoscie⁃nce， 2008， 22（4）：567-575.
25	林晓英，曾溅辉，杨海军，等.塔里木盆地哈得逊油田石炭系地层水化学特征及成因［J］.现代地质，2012，26（2）：377-383.
	Lin Xiaoying， Zeng Jianhui， Yang Haijun， et al. Geochemical characteristics and origin of formation water from the carboniferous in Hadson oil field， Tarim Basin［J］. Geoscience， 2012， 26（2）：377-383.
26	刘济民.油田水文地质勘探中水化学及其特性指标的综合应用［J］.石油勘探与开发，1982， 9（6）：49-55.
	Liu Jimin. The characteristics of underground water chemistry and its application in oilfield hydrology exploration［J］. Petroleum Exploration and Development， 1982， 9（6）：49-55.
27	唐辉，陈洁，钱会.饱和指数在水-岩作用研究中的应用及其灵敏度分析［J］.水资源与水工程学报，2012，23（6）：180-183.
	Tang Hui， Chen Jie. Application of saturation index to research of water⁃rock interaction and its sensitivity analysis［J］. Journal of Water Resources and Water Engineering， 2012， 23（6）：180-183.
28	李巧，周金龙，纪媛媛，等.新疆哈密地区三塘湖北地下水水-岩作用模拟［J］.水资源与水工程学报，2013，24（6）：29-33.
	Li Qiao， Zhou Jinlong， Ji Yuanyuan， et al. Water⁃rock interaction simulation of groundwater in north Santang lake of Hami District of Xinjiang［J］. Journal of Water Resources and Water Engineering， 2013， 24（6）：29-33.
29	Zhu G Y， Milkov A V， Zhang Z Y， et al. Formation and preservation of a giant petroleum accumulation in superdeep carbonate reservoirs in the southern Halahatang oil field area， Tarim Basin， China［J］. AAPG Bulletin， 2019， 103（7）：1703-1743.
30	Birkle P， García B M， Milland Padrón C M. Origin and evolution of formation water at the Jujo⁃Tecominoacán oil reservoir， Gulf of Mexico. Part 1： Chemical evolution and water⁃rock interaction［J］. Applied Geochemistry， 2009， 24（4）：543-554.
31	Hanor J S. Physical and chemical controls on the composition of waters in sedimentary basins［J］. Marine and Petroleum Geology， 1994， 11（1）：31-45.
32	王文祥，王瑞久，李文鹏，等.塔里木盆地河水氢氧同位素与水化学特征分析［J］.水文地质工程地质，2013， 40（4）：29-35.
	Wang Wenxiang， Wang Ruijiu， Li Wenpeng， et al. Analysis of stable isotopes and hydrochemistry of rivers in Tarim Basin［J］. Hydrogeology and Engineering Geology， 2013， 40（4）：29-35.
33	Millero F J， Feistel R， Wright D G， et al. The composition of standard seawater and the definition of the reference⁃composition salinity scale［J］. Deep Sea Research Part I： Oceanographic Research Papers， 2008， 55（1）：50-72.
34	Davisson M L， Criss R E. Na⁃Ca⁃Cl relations in basinal fluids［J］. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta， 1996， 60（15）：2743-2752.
35	Lynton S L， Kitty L M. Feldspar diagenesis in the Frio Formation， Brazoria County， Texas gulf coast［J］. Geology， 1981， 9（7）：314-318.
36	Chi G， Savard M. Sources of basinal and Mississippi Valley⁃type mineralizing brines： Mixing of evaporated seawater and halite⁃dissolution brine［J］. Chemical Geology， 1997， 143（3）：121-125.
37	邢秀娟，焦存礼，王毅，等.塔北地区寒武系白云岩特征与成因研究［J］.石油实验地质，2011， 33（2）：130-136.
	Xing Xiujuan， Jiao Cunli， Wang Yi， et al. Characteristics and origin of cambrian dolomite， northern Tarim Basin ［J］. Petroleum Geology & Experiment， 2011， 33（2）：130-136.

矿物	白云石	石膏	方解石
饱和指数	-3.43～1.95 -0.10（55）	-1.77～0.12 -0.80（55）	-0.88～1.62 0.55（55）
溶解率/%	43.64	94.64	18.18
平衡率/%	5.45	5.36	14.55
沉淀率/%	50.91	—	67.27

[1]	Xiaoqi Wu, Yingbin Chen, Changbo Zhai, Lingfang Zhou, Xiaojin Zhou, Jun Yang, Yanqing Wang, Xiaobo Song. Geochemical characteristics of bitumen and tracing of gas source in the Middle Triassic Leikoupo Formation， Western Sichuan Depression [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2022, 43(2): 407-418.
[2]	Tianjun Li, Zhilong Huang, Xiaobo Guo, Jing Zhao, Yiming Jiang, Sizhe Tan. Geochemical characteristics of crude oil from coal measure source rocks and fine oil-source correlation in the Pinghu Formation in Pingbei slope belt， Xihu Sag， East China Sea Shelf Basin [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2022, 43(2): 432-444.
[3]	Yuqing Liu, Shang Deng, Rong Zhang, Jun Liu, Cheng Huang, Tian Gao. Characterization and petroleum geological significance of deep igneous intrusions and related structures in the Shunbei area， Tarim Basin [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2022, 43(1): 105-117.
[4]	Caiming Luo, Xinxin Liang, Shaoying Huang, Yuan Neng, Wei Zhang, Shi Chen, Shujuan Cao. Three-layer structure model of strike-slip faults in the Tazhong Uplift and its formation mechanism [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2022, 43(1): 118-131.
[5]	Wenbiao Zhang, Yaxiong Zhang, Taizhong Duan, Meng Li, Huawei Zhao, Yan Wang. Hierarchy modeling of the Ordovician fault-karst carbonate reservoir in Tuoputai area， Tahe oilfield， Tarim Basin， NW China [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2022, 43(1): 207-218.
[6]	Juan Zhang, Min Yang, Runcheng Xie, Ming Wang, Hong Wang, Ziwei Luo. Probability-constrained identification of Ordovician small-scale fractured-vuggy reservoirs in Blocks 4-6， Tahe Oilfield， Tarim Basin [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2022, 43(1): 219-228.
[7]	Lu Yun, Xiuxiang Zhu. A new trap type： Fault-controlled fracture-vuggy trap [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2022, 43(1): 34-42.
[8]	Wenge Hu. Paleokarst fracture-vug types and their reconstruction in buried hill area， Tahe oilfield， Tarim Basin [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2022, 43(1): 43-53.
[9]	Cheng Huang, Lu Yun, Zicheng Cao, Haitao Lyu, Haiying Li, Yongli Liu, Jun Han. Division and formation mechanism of fault-controlled fracture-vug system of the Middle-to-Lower Ordovician， Shunbei area， Tarim Basin [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2022, 43(1): 54-68.
[10]	Qingyou Ma, Lianbo Zeng, Xuhui Xu, Zicheng Cao, Huashan Jiang, Haixue Wang. Internal architecture of strike-slip fault zone and its control over reservoirs in the Xiaoerbulake section， Tarim Basin [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2022, 43(1): 69-78.
[11]	Jianchao Zheng, Bin Li, Qian Yuan, Minghui Qi, Zhongshan Yin, Jun Peng, Yi Huang, Yeyu Zhang. Hydrocarbon accumulation process and exploration direction of the deep Cambrian in Bachu-Tabei area， Tarim Basin [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2022, 43(1): 79-91.
[12]	Zhanfeng Qiao, Shaonan Zhang, Anjiang Shen, Min She, Lili Huang, Wenzheng Li, Guanming Shao, Chuanrui Dai. Controls on formation and development of large-sized high-quality dolomite reservoirs in the Tarim and Sichuan Basins [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2022, 43(1): 92-104.
[13]	Tingbin Sun, Chengyan Lin, Ling Wang. Microscopic formation mechanisms and distribution patterns of remaining oil in the marine clastic reservoirs of the Carboniferous, Tarim Basin [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2021, 42(6): 1334-1343.
[14]	Bo Lin, Lu Yun, Haiying Li, Chongyang Xiao, Xu Zhang, Maohui Liao, Jun Han, Peng Wang, Xuechun Xu. Spatial structure of Shunbei No. 5 strike-slip fault and its relationship with oil and gas reservoirs in the Tarim Basin [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2021, 42(6): 1344-1353, 1400.
[15]	Tong Lin, Tongshan Wang, Wenqing Pan, Wenfang Yuan, Qiufen Li, Wei Ma. Evaluation of sealing effectiveness of gypsolyte during burial: A case study of the gypsolyte caprock in deep Cambrian, Tarim Basin [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2021, 42(6): 1354-1364.

Geochemical features and origin of the Cambrian formation water in Tabei Uplift，Tarim Basin and its mineral dissolution-precipitation simulation

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

Knowledge

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

Figures/Tables 12

References 37

Related Articles 15

Recommended Articles

Metrics