琼东南盆地松南低凸起YA区花岗岩潜山风化壳储层特征及发育控制因素

doi:10.11743/ogg20240418

Abstract

Abstract:

This study aims to reveal the developmental mechanisms and scale of hydrocarbon reservoirs in buried granite hills in the YA area， Songnan swell， Qiongdongnan Basin. Using the analytical and test data of cores， physical properties， elements， and apatite fission tracks， as well as log and seismic interpretations， we investigate the characteristics and factors controlling the development of weathered crust reservoirs in the buried granite hills， as well as the developmental history and residual thickness of the weathered crust. The results indicate that the granite series in the YA area are formed during the Early Triassic of the Indo-Chinese Epoch. The granite basinal basement underwent multiple tectonic uplifts and subsidence from the Paleocene to the Miocene， during which the weathered crust is formed and preserved in two distinct phases. The tropical monsoon paleoclimate promoted the chemical weathering of the granite series in the area. Key factors governing the development of the weathered crust of ancient buried hills in the area include regional tectonic evolution， paleoclimate， and rock types. The weathered crust exhibits significantly different developmental degrees across the area， with the weathered granite crust at paleo-structural crests exhibiting substantial residual thicknesses. Granites in the YA area possess distinct calc-alkaline to alkaline and meta-aluminous to peraluminous characteristics， which make them prone to weathering. Vertically， the weathered crust in the YA area can be categorized into five layers， namely eluvial-deluvial， sandy， weathered fractured， horizontal phreatic， and bedrock layers from top to bottom. The weathered fractured layer， among others， emerges as the most favorable reservoir， demonstrating an average porosity of 11.46 % and an average permeability of 5.98 ×10^-3 μm²， and its physical properties deteriorate with increasing burial depth. The weathered granite crust exhibits high natural gamma-ray （GR）， high resistivity， low density， and high interval transit time values， as indicated on logging curves， which are consistent with its physical property evolution. Furthermore， there exists a positive correlation between the degree of high-amplitude anomalies in seismic wave reflections and the developmental degree of fractures within the weathered crust.

Key words: weathered fractured layer, reservoir characteristics, reservoir development, weathered crust, buried granite hill, Songnan swell, Qiongdongnan Basin

CLC Number:

TE122.2

Yuancao GUO, Jianhua GUO, Haigang LAO, Zhiyu LI, Ye YU, Guang Chen, Shiqing WU, Yanran HUANG. Characteristics and factors controlling the development of weathered crust reservoirs in buried granite hills， YA area， Songnan swell， Qiongdongnan Basin[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2024, 45(4): 1155-1167.

Figures/Tables 17

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潜山分层	伽马射线强度/API	声波时差/（μs/m）	电阻率/（Ω·m）	体积密度/（g/cm³）	中子孔隙度/%
残积坡积层	33.4 ~ 215.5（120.1）	0 ~ 432.30（342.43）	6.19 ~ 6.19（6.19）	1.78 ~ 2.44（2.27）	15.60 ~ 52.20（26.60）
砂化层	50.3 ~ 143.6（101.4）	176.46 ~ 372.94（281.75）	0 ~ 8.82（3.24）	1.70 ~ 2.47（2.04）	14.90 ~ 65.20（46.90）
风化裂缝层	64.2 ~ 158.0（121.1）	174.82 ~ 424.10（243.38）	3.71 ~ 208.68（21.80）	1.12 ~ 2.66（2.39）	3.40 ~ 59.50（14.90）
水平潜流缝洞层	101.9 ~ 222.3（135.8）	174.82 ~ 391.63（228.94）	3.70 ~ 162.37（25.42）	0.48 ~ 7.24（2.47）	1.40 ~ 44.80（10.80）
基岩层	105.4 ~ 207.1（133.0）	157.77 ~ 285.69（219.10）	6.03 ~ 182.99（29.66）	1，76 ~ 2.64（2.47）	2.20 ~ 28.20（11.00）

样品编号	井深/m	岩性	孔隙度/%	渗透率/（10^-3μm²）	颗粒密度/（g/cm³）	视密度/（g/cm³）
4-2	2 968	花岗岩	9.39	3.71	2.59	2.35
4-5	2 974	花岗岩	12.70	8.22	2.63	2.29
4-6	2 984	花岗岩	17.80	5.95	2.62	2.15
2-2	2 990	花岗岩	8.30	12.50	2.61	2.39
2-5	2 999	花岗岩	11.20	13.60	2.65	2.35
4-9	3 010	花岗岩	7.09	0.05	2.65	2.46
3-1	3 016	花岗岩	2.69	0.05	2.57	2.57
3-2	3 024	花岗岩	3.57	0.05	2.56	2.56
3-3	3 050	花岗岩	11.40	0.73	2.39	2.39
3-4	3 060	花岗岩	13.50	0.38	2.31	2.31

测压点	净上覆岩压/MPa	孔隙体积/mL	孔隙度/%	渗透率/ （10^-3 μm²）
1	2.0	1.597	14.9	13.90
2	4.0	1.451	13.8	10.10
3	6.0	1.367	13.1	8.30
4	8.0	1.313	12.6	7.24
5	10.0	1.277	12.3	6.43
6	12.0	1.247	12.1	5.91

样品编号	样品深度/m	围压/MPa	孔隙度/%	渗透率/（10^-3μm²）
4-5	2 974	3	12.5	6.370
4-5	2 974	11	11.5	4.930
4-8	3 006	3	16.8	0.125
4-8	3 006	11	16.1	0.092

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Characteristics and factors controlling the development of weathered crust reservoirs in buried granite hills， YA area， Songnan swell， Qiongdongnan Basin

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