三角洲沉积的物理模拟

doi:10.11743/ogg20130607

Abstract

Abstract: In order to fully understand the sedimentary characteristics of deltaic deposits and the development patterns of associated sand bodies,this paper presents a physical simulation of delta development through flume experiment and introduces the experiment results in respects of sedimentary process and characteristics of distributary channels,mouth bars,and slide-slump deposits.The experiment reveals that the development of delta is an alternating process of deposition and erosion.Deposition is dominant in flood season when distributary channels carry a heavy sediment load,while erosion is dominant in non-flood season.The growth of mouth bars initiates from an underwater shoal in an order of forward,upward,backward and transverse.In addition,there are two modes of bifurcation,i.e.multi-stage bifurcation by one mouth bar and simultaneous bifurcation by multiple mouth bars.The channels on a deltaic plain may evolve in two modes,i.e.redirection and diversion,which are related with flood and mouth bar respectively.Flood events could be the trigger of delta front slide-slump deposits.Deltas are formed in the process of sediment transportation and sedimentation determined by the interaction of alluvial and basinal dynamics.In this process,sedimentary slope break is formed,which is favorable for the development of high quality reservoirs.

Key words: flume experiment, delta simulation, mouth bar, distributary channel, slide-slump deposit, high quality reservoir

CLC Number:

TE121.3

Wang Junhui, Jiang Zaixing, Zhang Yuanfu, Gao Liming, Wei Xiaojie, Zhang Wenzhao. Physical simulation of deltaic deposits[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2013, 34(6): 758-764.

References

[1] 吴因业, 朱如凯, 罗平, 等.沉积学与层序地层学研究新进展——第18届国际沉积学大会综述[J].沉积学报, 2011, 29(1):199-206. Wu Yinye, Zhu Rukai, Luo Ping, et al.Advance on sedimentology and sequence stratigraphy:a summary from 18^th International Sedimentology Congress[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica, 2011, 29(1), 199-206.
[2] 张春生.碎屑岩沉积模拟技术[M].北京:石油工业出版社, 2003:3-12. Zhang Chunsheng.Sedimentary modeling techniques for siliclastic rocks[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press, 2003:3-12.
[3] 徐强, 王英民, 吕明, 等.陆架边缘三角洲在层序地层格架中的识别及其意义——以南海白云凹陷为例[J].石油与天然气地质, 2011, 32(5):733-742. Xu Qiang, Wang Yingmin, Lü Ming, et al.Identification and significance of shelf margin delta in sequence stratigraphic framework:a case study of Baiyun Sag, South China Sea[J].Oil & Gas Geology, 2011, 32(5):733-742.
[4] 封从军, 鲍志东, 单启铜, 等.三角洲平原复合分流河道内部单砂体划分——以扶余油田中区南部泉头组四段为例[J].石油与天然气地质, 2012, 33(1):77-83. Feng Congjun, Bao Zhidong, Shan Qitong, et al.Single sand body identification in compound distributary channel of delta plain:a case study from the fourth member of Quantou Formation in the southern part of central Fuyu oilfield[J].Oil & Gas Geology, 2012, 33(1):77-83.
[5] 谭先锋, 田景春, 黄建红, 等.陆相碎屑岩旋回沉积记录中的物质响应及聚集规律——以济阳坳陷王家岗地区古近系孔店组为例[J].石油与天然气地质, 2013, 34(3):332-341. Tan Xianfeng, Tian Jingchun, Huang Jianhong, et al.Material responses and accumulation patterns in cyclic sediment records of continental clastic rocks:taking the Paleogene Kongdian Formation of Wangjiagang area in Jiyang Depression as an example[J].Oil & Gas Geology, 2013, 34(3):332-341.
[6] Postma G, Kleinhans M G, Meuer P T, et al.Sediment transport in analogue flume models compared with real-world sedimentary systems:a new look at scaling evolution of sedimentary systems in a flume[J].Sedimentology, 2008, 55(6):1541-1557.
[7] 张春生, 刘忠保, 施冬, 等, 碎屑物理模拟研究的理论与方法[J].石油与天然气地质, 2000, 21(4):300-303. Zhang Chunsheng, Liu Zhongbao, Shi Dong, et al.Theory and method of physical simulation in clastic sedimentation[J].Oil & Gas Geology, 2000, 21(4):300-303.
[8] 李敏, 朱红涛, 郭巧珍, 等.沉积物理模拟技术进展及发展趋势[J].地质科技情报, 2010, 29(4):137-141. Li Min, Zhu Hongtao, Guo Qiaozhen, et al.Progress and developing tendency of sedimentary laboratory experiments technique[J].Geological Science and Technology Information, 2010, 29(4):137-141.
[9] Paola C, Straub K, Mohrig D, et al.The"unreasonable effectiveness"of stratigraphic and geomorphic experiments[J].Earth-Science Reviews, 2009, 1-4(97):1-43.
[10] 姜在兴.沉积学[M].北京:石油工业出版社, 2010:170-188. Jiang Zaixing.Sedimentology[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press, 2010:170-188.
[11] Prior D B, Yang Z S, Bornhold B D, et al. Active slope failure, sediment collapse and silt flows on the modern subaqueous Huanghe Delta[J].Geo-Marine Letters, 1986, 6(2):85-95.
[12] Komar P D.Coastal erosion-underlying factors and human impacts[J].Shore & Beach, 2000, 68(1)):3-16.
[13] Yin Yanhong, Zhou Yongqing, Ding Dong.Evolution of modern Yellow River delta coast[J].Marine Science Bulletin, 2004, 23(2):32-42.
[14] Gao Tao, Li Guangxue, Shi Jinghao, et al.A flume test on erosion mechanism for an abandoned section of the Huanghe(Yellow)River Delta[J].Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology, 2010, 28(3):684-691.
[15] 赖志云, 周维.舌状三角洲和鸟足状三角洲形成以及演变的沉积模拟实验[J].沉积学报, 1994, 12(2):37-43. Lai Zhiyun, Zhou Wei.Experimental formation and development of lobate and birdfoot deltas[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica, 1994, 12(2):37-43.
[16] 刘忠保, 赖志云, 汪崎生.湖泊三角洲砂体形成及演变的水槽实验初步研究[J].石油实验地质, 1995, 17(1):34-41. Liu Zhongbao, Lai Zhiyun, Wang Qisheng.Flume-experimental study on the formation and evolution of lake delta sand body[J].Experimental Petroleum Geology, 1995, 17(1):34-41.
[17] 张春生, 刘忠保, 施冬, 等.三角洲分流河道及河口坝形成过程的物理模拟[J].地学前缘, 2000, 7(3):168-175. Zhang Chunsheng, Liu Zhongbao, Shi Dong, et al.Physical simulation of formation process in distributary channels and debouch bars in delta[J].Earth Science Frontiers(China University of Geosciences, Beijing), 2000, 7(3):168-175.
[18] 张春生, 刘忠保, 施冬, 等.扇三角洲形成过程及演变规律[J].沉积学报, 2000, 18(4):521-525. Zhang Chunsheng, Liu Zhongbao, Shi Dong, et al.Formed proceeding and evolution disciplinarian of fan delta[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica, 2000, 18(4):521-525.
[19] 张春生, 刘忠保, 施冬, 等.砂质扇三角洲沉积过程实验研究[J].江汉石油学院学报, 2003, 25(2):1-3. Zhang Chunsheng, Liu Zhongbao, Shi Dong, et al.Experimental study of sandy-fan-delta sedimentary process[J].Journal of Jianghan Petroleum Institute, 2003, 25(2):1-3.
[20] 张关龙, 陈世悦, 鄢继华, 等.三角洲前缘滑塌浊积体形成过程模拟[J].沉积学报, 2006, 24(1):50-55. Zhang Guanlong, Chen Shiyue, Yan Jihua, et al.Simulation of fluxoturbidite in front of delta[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica, 2006, 24(1):50-55.
[21] 刘晖, 操应长, 徐涛玉, 等.沉积坡折带控砂的模拟实验研究[J].山东科技大学学报(自然科学版), 2007, 26(1):34-37. Liu Hui, Cao Yingchang, Xu Taoyu, et al.The simulation experiment about the control of sandy body in depositional slope-break belt[J].Journal of Shandong University of Science and Technology(Natural Science Edition), 2007, 26(1):34-37.
[22] Wright L D.Sediment transport and deposition at river mouths:a synthesis[J].Geological Society of America Bulletin, 1977, 88(6):857-868.
[23] 张春生.三角洲分流河道演变规律研究[C]//2002年低渗透储层昆明会议论文摘要, 昆明, 2002. Zhang Chunsheng.Research on developmental daracteristics of deltaic distribatary dannec[C]//Abstract book of conference workshop on low permeability reservoirs in 2002.Kunming, 2002.

Physical simulation of deltaic deposits

PDF (PC)

Knowledge

Cited

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

References

Related Articles 11

Recommended Articles

Metrics

[1]	Wang Xudong, Zhang Xiangtao, He Min, Zhang Sufang, YuYixin, Wuchen Bingjie. Characteristics and controlling factors of reservoir development in the Wenchang Formation,Southern Lufeng Sag,Pearl River Mouth Basin [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2017, 38(6): 1147-1155.
[2]	Zhang You, Hou Jiagen, Cao Yanqin, Zheng Xingping, Shao Guanmin, Jia Junshan, Bai Xiaojia, Duan Dongping. Distribution patterns of reservoir quality based on configuration unit of mouth bar sandbody:A case study from the 8^th sand group of the 2^nd member of the Shahejie Formation in Shenger Block of Shengtuo oilfield, East China [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2015, 36(5): 862-872.
[3]	Qu Xiyu, Chen Xiu, Qiu Longwei, Zhang Manli, Zhang Xiangjin. Genesis of secondary pore of quartz dissolution type and its influences on reservoir: Taking the tight sandstone reservoir in the Upper Paleozoic of Daniudi gas field as an example [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2015, 36(5): 804-813.
[4]	Yin Senlin, Chen Gongyang, Dai Chunming, Wu Shenghe, Lu Fengming, Feng Wenjie. Reservoir architecture and remaining oil distribution in mouth bar—A case study on the braided delta of long-axis gentle slope in Zaonan fault block of Dagang Oilfield [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2015, 36(4): 630-639.
[5]	Feng Congjun, Bao Zhidong, Dai Chunming, Zhang Zhaoqian. Superimposition patterns of underwater distributary channel sands in deltaic front and its control on remaining oil distribution:a case study from K₁q⁴ in J19 block, Fuyu oilfield [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2015, 36(1): 128-135.
[6]	Deng Qingjie, Hu Mingyi, Hu Zhonggui, Wu Yukun. Sedimentary characteristics of shallow-water delta distributary channel sand bodies: a case from Ⅱ-Ⅰ Formation of Fuyu oil layer in the Sanzhao Depression, Songliao Basin [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2015, 36(1): 118-127.
[7]	Feng Congjun, Bao Zhidong, Shan Qitong, Sun Mengsi, Yu Shiyan, Duan Hongzhen. Single sand body identification in compound distributary channel of delta plain:a case study from the fourth member of Quantou Formation in the southern part of central Fuyu oilfield [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2012, 33(1): 77-83.
[8]	Zeng Xiaoying, Zhang Juan, Liu Yuanyang, Li Yong. Significance of syndepositional volcanism to high quality reservoirs in the Xujiahe Formation,the western Sichuan Depression [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2012, 33(1): 50-60.
[9]	. Sedimentary facies of the Shanxi Formation in Daniudi gas field,northeastern Ordos area [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2011, 32(3): 388-396.
[10]	Huang Wenming, Liu Shugen, Zhang Changjun, Wang Guozhi, Xu Guosheng, Yong Ziquan, Ma Wenxin. Reservoir characteristics and formation mechanism of the high quality Cambrian reservoirs in Sichuan Basin [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2009, 30(5): 566-575.
[11]	Dong Zhaoxiong, Shen Zhaoguo, He Guoxian, Liu Zhongqun. Relationship of sedimentary microfacies with reservoirs in the Shan-1 member of the Daniudi gas field,Ordos Basin [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2009, 30(2): 162-167.