页岩结构面特征及其对水力压裂的控制作用

doi:10.11743/ogg20190320

Abstract

Abstract: Shale,a kind of sedimentary rocks,is characterized by significant bedding.The investigation of the impact of bedding planes of shale on hydraulic fracturing is of great significance for the exploitation of shale gas.The characteristics of sedimentary structures at various scales (ranging from meter to ten micron scales) of shale in the Yanchang Formation in southern Ordos Basin were analyzed,and the hydraulic fracturing tests for multi-sized shale specimens under different dip angles of bedding plane were carried out,both of which function to explain the characteristics of the bedding planes of shale and their controlling effects on hydraulic fracturing process and outcome.The results show that the average thickness of laminae is of fractal features with a fractal dimension of 1.06,and is 2.26 m,2.09 dm,1.70 cm,1.48 mm and 11.7 μm,corresponding to meter,decimeter,centimeter,millimeter and 10-micron scales respectively.The behaviors of hydraulic fracturing are significantly influenced by the bedding planes of shale,clearly shown by the contrast of fracture geometry before and after fracturing and the fracturing pressure.When the dip angles of the bedding planes are less than 30°,the fractured shale specimen is remarkably different from its original one in fracture geometry,featuring much more artificial fractures,and higher fracturing pressure,which tends to slump as the dip angle of bedding plane increases; while when the dip angles of the shale specimens are above 45°,the fracture geometry of the shale specimens after fracturing is almost the same with that of the original specimens,featuring lower fracturing pressure which tends to fluctuate a little with the increase of the dip angle of the bedding planes.Generally,the fracturing pressures of shale under different dip angles of bedding plane fluctuates in the shape of oblique "S".Besides,the controlling effects of structural dip angles of the bedding planes on the fracture propagation,hydraulic pressure curve and fracturing pressure are also reflected in the tests.

Key words: fracturing pressure, fracture, bedding plane, lamina, shale, hydraulic fracturing, Yanchang Formation, Ordos Basin

CLC Number:

TE122.1

Li Xiao, He Jianming, Yin Chao, Huang Beixiu, Li Guanfang, Zhang Zhaobin, Li Lihui. Characteristics of the shale bedding planes and their control on hydraulic fracturing[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2019, 40(3): 653-660.

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Characteristics of the shale bedding planes and their control on hydraulic fracturing

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