陆相页岩及其夹层储集特征对比与差异演化模式

doi:10.11743/ogg20230605

Abstract

Abstract:

Unlike marine shales， lacustrine shale sequence in China exhibits intricate source rock-reservoir configuration and coupling relationships， as well as significantly different storage characteristics between shales and their interbeds. Therefore， it is necessary to ascertain the evolutionary patterns of shales and their interbeds， which will provide critical guidance on the exploration of lacustrine shale oil and gas. Using data on mineral compositions， organic geochemistry， and physical properties， as well as data from the analyses and observations of cores， thin sections， and scanning electron microscopy （SEM） images， we conduct a comprehensive study of the lacustrine shales in the Triassic Yanchang Formation of the Ordos Basin， the Jurassic Ziliujing Formation of the Sichuan Basin， and the Cretaceous Yingcheng Formation of the Songliao Basin， which vary in thermal evolution. By analyzing the storage space types and physical properties of shales and their interbeds in these formations， we explore the formation and evolutionary processes of pores in both shales and their interbeds and establish differential evolutionary patterns of the pores. The results are as follows：（1） The lacustrine shales in China are of diverse lithofacies types， primarily consisting of mixed， clayey， and silty shales， which tend to alternate with carbonate， sandstone， and tuff， suggesting complex lithofacies assemblages. The storage spaces in the shales are dominated by inorganic pores， followed by organic pores， with microfractures developed locally. In contrast， the storage spaces in the interbeds are dominated by inorganic pores such as residual intergranular （dissolved） pores， intragranular （dissolved） pores， and microfractures；（2） The evolution of pores in the lacustrine shales and their interbeds is influenced by both diagenesis and hydrocarbon generation. The shales， with high clay content and weak anti-compaction capacity， undergo a rapid decrease in inorganic pores before hydrocarbon generation. After entering the oil generation window， these shales experience a gradual increase in organic pores， clayey intergranular/intercrystalline pores， dissolved pores， and microfractures. Prior to the late diagenetic stage， the shale porosity tends to decrease before the peak oil generation and increase afterward. In contrast， the interbeds become increasingly tight under compaction and cementation， leading to a gradual decrease in their storage capacity；（3） The Yanchang Formation shale in the oil generation window， contains underdeveloped organic pores and thus exhibits poor storage capacity. In contrast， the sandstone interbeds in the formation present more favorable shale oil enrichment conditions. The Ziliujing Formation in the mature to highly mature stage， exhibits oil and gas coexistence， characterized by well-developed organic and inorganic pores in the shale， more favorable for storage， while the interbeds serve as secondary reservoirs or barriers. The Yingcheng Formation in the highly mature to overmature stage， is the most favorable for the formation of shale gas and organic pores， boasting the optimal storage conditions in shales.

Key words: porosity evolution, lacustrine shale, Yanchang Formation, Ziliujing Formation, Yingcheng Formation, Ordos Basin, Sichuan Basin, Songliao Basin

CLC Number:

TE122.2

Zongquan HU, Ruyue WANG, Jing LU, Dongjun FENG, Yuejiao LIU, Baojian SHEN, Zhongbao LIU, Guanping WANG, Jianhua HE. Storage characteristic comparison of pores between lacustrine shales and their interbeds and differential evolutionary patterns[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2023, 44(6): 1393-1404.

Figures/Tables 7

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Table 1

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Fig. 4

Fig. 5

Table 2

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孔隙类型		孔隙发育程度
孔隙类型		延长组	自流井组	营城组
无机孔	粒间（溶）孔	中等-高	中等	中等
	粒内（溶）孔	低-中等	中等-高	中等-高
	黏土矿物层间/晶间孔	中等-高	高	高
有机孔	原地有机孔	低	低	低
有机孔	迁移有机孔	低	低-中等	中等
微裂缝	粒间微裂缝	低-中等	中等-高	中等-高
微裂缝	层间微裂缝	中等	高	高

地区	层系	典型井	埋深/m	页岩地化特征		页岩孔隙度/%		夹层孔隙度/%
地区	层系	典型井	埋深/m	TOC/%	R_o/%	分布范围	平均值	分布范围	平均值
鄂尔多斯盆地	三叠系延长组	总体	600 ~ 3 000	0.5 ~ 38.0	0.5 ~ 1.2	1.4 ~ 7.1	3.3	1.4 ~ 11.7	5.0
		R203井	650	0.5 ~ 7.5	0.8	1.5 ~ 4.2	3.4	1.5 ~ 11.7	5.7
		B2井	1 450	0.6 ~ 22.9	0.9	1.4 ~ 6.2	2.8	1.4 ~ 6.2	5.0
		CY1井	2 050	0.6 ~ 32.3	1.1	1.6 ~ 7.1	3.6	0.6 ~ 8.0	4.6
四川盆地	侏罗系自流井组	总体	1 500 ~ 4 000	0.4 ~ 4.0	0.9 ~ 1.8	1.0 ~ 8.4	4.3	0.2 ~ 4.4	1.9
		XL101井	2 200	1.4 ~ 2.9	1.4	1.3 ~ 8.2	4.2	1.4 ~ 4.4	2.5
		FY10井	2 800	0.4 ~ 4.0	1.6	1.6 ~ 7.7	5.2	0.8 ~ 4.7	2.0
		YL4井	3 800	0.4 ~ 3.6	1.8	1.1 ~ 8.3	5.1	0.8 ~ 4.1	1.9
松辽盆地梨树断陷	白垩系营城组一段	总体	2 500 ~ 5 000	0.3 ~ 4.9	1.3 ~ 2.3	0.8 ~ 8.3	4.5	1.9 ~ 6.6	3.4
		LY1井	3 300	0.7 ~ 4.9	1.6	0.8 ~ 8.3	4.8	2.3 ~ 6.6	3.5
		LS2井	3 900	0.3 ~ 3.8	1.8	2.3 ~ 7.7	4.6	1.9 ~ 6.4	3.4
		LS2-1井	4 400	0.3 ~ 1.8	2.0	1.7 ~ 6.3	4.0	2.4 ~ 5.6	3.2

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Storage characteristic comparison of pores between lacustrine shales and their interbeds and differential evolutionary patterns

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