河流相致密砂岩气地质甜点评价

doi:10.11743/ogg20240212

Abstract

Abstract:

Reservoirs of the Jurassic Shaximiao Formation in the Sichuan Basin feature low porosity and permeability， strong heterogeneity， and complex sand body superposition. These characteristics complicate the identification and accurate prediction of geological sweet spots. To achieve efficient exploitation of the gas reservoirs， we establish the criteria for evaluating geological sweet spots in tight sandstone gas in the 1^st submember of the 2^nd member of the Shaximiao Formation （the Sha 2¹ submember） in the study area by delving into the effects of the sedimentation， diagenesis， and source rock-reservoir configuration on the formation and hydrocarbon accumulation of these gas reservoirs. Key findings are as follows. （1） The sand body scale and reservoir physical properties are governed by sedimentary microfacies and channel types. Notably， sand bodies located within the point bars of straight or low-sinuosity meandering rivers exhibit large thicknesses and favorable physical properties， standing as high-quality reservoirs. （2） Reservoir quality discrepancy primarily results from differences in lithic content in magmatic rocks and diagenetic facies. Specifically， the chlorite-cemented facies exhibits the most favorable physical properties. （3） Natural gas charging in the reservoirs is dictated by the source rock-reservoir configuration. Most especially， sand bodies in contact with or in proximity to source rock-rooted faults boast the most favorable gas-bearing properties. （4） The single-well natural gas production is jointly determined by reservoir quality and gas-bearing properties. Based on the evaluation criteria established in this study， the geological sweet spots in the study area are categorized into three types： types Ⅰ， Ⅱ， and Ⅲ. Type Ⅰ sweet spots primarily encompass sand bodies in the point bars of straight or low-sinuosity meandering rivers， with porosity exceeding 12 % and permeability surpassing 0.30×10^-3 μm²， and chlorite-cemented facies dominating. They are situated near source rock-rooted faults， exhibiting favorable gas-bearing properties with water saturation below 30 %， Poisson’s ratio less than 0.24， and single-well gas production rate over 0.10×10⁴ m³/（d∙m）. Type Ⅱ sweet spots are dominated by sand bodies in middle-sinuosity meandering rivers， with porosity ranging from 10 % to 12 % and permeability from 0.15×10^-3 to 0.30×10^-3 μm². Their diagenetic facies are dominated by illite- or mixed-layer montmorillonite-illite-cemented facies. They are positioned comparatively far from source rock-rooted faults， with water saturation ranging from 30 % to 40 %， Poisson’s ratio from 0.24 to 0.25， and single-well gas production rate from 0.05×10⁴ to 0.10×10⁴ m³/（d∙m）. Type Ⅲ sweet spots primarily comprise sand bodies in the point bars of small-scale， medium-sinuosity meandering rivers， characterized by low porosity and permeability. Their diagenetic facies mainly include illite- or mixed-layer montmorillonite-illite-cemented facies sitting far from source rock-rooted faults and with poor gas-bearing properties.

Key words: straight river, meandering river, primary factor controlling sweet spot formation, criteria for evaluating sweet spot, tight sandstone gas, Shaximiao Formation, Jurassic, Sichuan Basin

CLC Number:

TE122.3

Hui PAN, Yuqiang JIANG, Xun ZHU, Haibo DENG, Linke SONG, Zhanlei WANG, Miao LI, Yadong ZHOU, Linjie FENG, Yongliang YUAN, Meng WANG. Evaluation of geological sweet spots in fluvial tight sandstone gas： A case study of the first submember of the second member of the Jurassic Shaximiao Formation， central Sichuan Basin[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2024, 45(2): 471-485.

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孔喉结构参数	高压压汞参数					核磁共振参数
孔喉结构参数	排驱压力/MPa	中值压力/MPa	中值孔喉半径/μm	平均孔喉半径/μm	最大进汞饱和度/%	大孔隙占比/%	小孔隙占比/%	可动流体饱和度/%
最大值	3.09	61.25	1.85	1.72	95.3	45.3	94.9	67.80
最小值	0.08	0.40	0.01	0.12	26.1	6.4	65.3	4.62
平均值	0.79	2.43	0.43	0.63	76.4	30.9	69.1	39.50

评价参数			Ⅰ类甜点区	Ⅱ类甜点区	Ⅲ甜点区
沉积参数	河道宽度/m		>400	>400	<400
沉积参数	河道弯曲度		<1.5	1.5～2.0	1.5～2.0
储层参数	成岩相		绿泥石胶结相	伊利石+伊/蒙混层胶结相	伊利石+伊/蒙混层胶结相
	孔隙度/%		>12	10～12	<10
	渗透率/（10^-3 μm²）		>0.30	0.15～0.30	<0.15
含气性参数	泊松比		<0.24	0.24～0.25	>0.25
	含气饱和度/%		>70	60～70	<60
	储层与断层的距离/km	龙泉山断裂	40～60	60～70	>70
	储层与断层的距离/km	八角场断裂	0～20	20～30	>30
产能参数	产气强度/（10⁴ m³/（d·m））		>0.10	0.05～0.10	<0.05

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Evaluation of geological sweet spots in fluvial tight sandstone gas： A case study of the first submember of the second member of the Jurassic Shaximiao Formation， central Sichuan Basin

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