深水峡谷上游复合浊积砂岩储层类型及其展布规律

doi:10.11743/ogg20240215

Abstract

Abstract:

The Lingshui gas field， located in the upper reach of the Central Canyon in the Qiongdongnan Basin， shows the occurrence of turbidite sandstones. However， the turbidite sandstone reservoirs of diverse types， jointly affected by both sedimentation and diagenesis， present challenges in characterization. This study aims to forecast the distribution of favorable reservoirs in the deep-water areas of the Lingshui gas field. Based on the morphologies and burial depths of the Central Canyon， we categorize the upper reach of the canyon head into the adjustment section， the low-tortuosity section， and the curved section. This division allows for a detailed examination of the reservoirs’ fracture and filling types in the reservoirs. Furthermore， we analyze the deposition and origin of the reservoir rocks based on the quantitative relationships between rock fabric and physical properties. The results indicate that the adjustment section is dominated by coarse-grained gravity flow deposits， with reservoir physical properties gradually improving downstream as the intergranular matrix content declines. The low-tortuosity section is primarily composed of fine-grained to silty turbidite sand bodies， with grain sizes marginally varying along the canyon and cementation emerging as a factor affecting the quality of reservoirs consisting of alternating thin- and thick-bedded sandstone. The curved section principally comprises silty turbidite sand bodies， with reservoir physical properties gradually deteriorating downstream with an increase in the burial depth. Therefore， it can be inferred that the reservoir quality is governed by the sedimentary process in the adjustment section and the diagenesis in the low-tortuosity and curved sections.

Key words: convergence area of the Central Canyon, architecture hierarchy, physical property distribution, turbidite sand body, Qiongdongnan Basin

CLC Number:

TE122.2

Chao FU, Yuhong XIE, Yuchu ZHAO, Hui WANG, Zhiwang YUAN, Wei XU, Guoning CHEN. Types and distribution patterns of complex turbidite sandstone reservoirs in the upper reaches of deep-water canyons—A case study of the Lingshui gas field in the Central Canyon of Qiongdongnan Basin[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2024, 45(2): 516-529.

Figures/Tables 11

Fig.1

Table 1

Fig.2

Fig.3

Fig. 4

Fig. 5

Fig.6

Fig.7

Fig.8

Fig.9

Fig.10

References 42

1	吴克强，解习农，裴健翔，等. 超伸展陆缘盆地深部结构及油气勘探意义——以琼东南盆地为例［J］. 石油与天然气地质， 2023， 44（3）： 651-661.
	WU Keqiang， XIE Xinong， PEI Jianxiang， et al. Deep architecture of hyperextended marginal basin and implications for hydrocarbon exploration： A case study of Qiongdongnan Basin［J］. Oil & Gas Geology， 2023， 44（3）： 651-661.
2	谢玉洪. 莺琼盆地区中央峡谷源头沉积特征及油气勘探前景［J］. 地质科技通报， 2020， 39（5）： 69-78.
	XIE Yuhong. Sedimentary characteristics and hydrocarbon exploration potential of the upstream of the central canyon in the Yinggehai and Qiongdongnan basins［J］. Bulletin of Geological Science and Technology， 2020， 39（5）： 69-78.
3	蒋恕，王浩，郭涛，等. 渤海湾盆地辽东湾坳陷盆中隆起缓坡带重力流沉积形态及其控制因素［J］. 石油与天然气地质， 2022， 43（4）： 823-832.
	JIANG Shu， WANG Hao， GUO Tao， et al. Geomorphology of gravity flow deposits in the gentle slope zone of intra-basinal high in the Liaodong Bay Depression， Bohai Bay Basin and its controlling factors［J］. Oil & Gas Geology， 2022， 43（4）： 823-832.
4	李华，何幼斌，谈梦婷，等. 深水重力流水道-朵叶体系形成演化及储层分布——以鄂尔多斯盆地西缘奥陶系拉什仲组露头为例［J］. 石油与天然气地质， 2022， 43（4）： 917-928.
	LI Hua， HE Youbin， TAN Mengting， et al. Evolution of and reservoir distribution within deep-water gravity flow channel-lobe system： A case study of the Ordovician Lashenzhong Formation outcrop at western margin of Ordos Basin［J］. Oil & Gas Geology， 2022， 43（4）： 917-928.
5	胡德胜，宫立园，满晓，等. 北部湾盆地涠西南凹陷雁列断层变换带发育特征及其控储作用——以古近系流沙港组一段重力流沉积为例［J］. 石油与天然气地质， 2022， 43（6）： 1359-1369.
	HU Desheng， GONG Liyuan， MAN Xiao， et al. Development pattern of en echelon fault transition zone in Weixi’nan Sag， Beibu Gulf Basin and its control on hydrocarbon accumulation［J］. Oil & Gas Geology， 2022， 43（6）： 1359-1369.
6	LIEN T， MIDTBØ R E， MARTINSEN O J. Depositional facies and reservoir quality of deep-marine sandstones in the Norwegian Sea［J］. Norwegian Journal of Geology， 2006， 86（2）： 71-92.
7	LI Qing， JIANG Zaixing， LIU Keyu， et al. Factors controlling reservoir properties and hydrocarbon accumulation of lacustrine deep-water turbidites in the Huimin Depression， Bohai Bay Basin， East China［J］. Marine and Petroleum Geology， 2014， 57： 327-344.
8	KHAN A S， KELLING G， UMAR M， et al. Depositional environments and reservoir assessment of Late Cretaceous sandstones in the south central Kirthar foldbelt， Pakistan［J］. Journal of Petroleum Geology， 2002， 25（4）： 373-406.
9	LI Zhen， WU Shenghe， XIA Dongling， et al. Diagenetic alterations and reservoir heterogeneity within the depositional facies： A case study from distributary-channel belt sandstone of Upper Triassic Yanchang Formation reservoirs （Ordos Basin， China）［J］. Marine and Petroleum Geology， 2017， 86： 950-971.
10	孙辉，范国章，邵大力，等. 深水局部限制型水道复合体沉积特征及其对储层性质的影响——以东非鲁武马盆地始新统为例［J］. 石油与天然气地质， 2021， 42（6）： 1440-1450.
	SUN Hui， FAN Guozhang， SHAO Dali， et al. Depositional characteristics of locally restricted channel complex in deep water and its influence on reservoir properties： A case study of the Eocene series， Rovuma Basin［J］. Oil & Gas Geology， 2021， 42（6）： 1440-1450.
11	HANSEN L A S， CALLOW R H T， KANE I A， et al. Genesis and character of thin-bedded turbidites associated with submarine channels［J］. Marine and Petroleum Geology， 2015， 67： 852-879.
12	林煜，吴胜和，王星，等. 尼日尔三角洲盆地深水油田A海底扇储层质量差异［J］. 石油与天然气地质， 2014， 35（4）： 494-502.
	LIN Yu， WU Shenghe， WANG Xing， et al. Reservoir quality differences of submarine fans in deep-water oilfield A in Niger Delta Basin， West Africa［J］. Oil & Gas Geology， 2014， 35（4）： 494-502.
13	王敏，张佳佳，王瑞峰，等. 东非鲁伍马盆地深水海底扇储集层质量差异及主控因素［J］. 石油勘探与开发， 2022， 49（3）： 491-501.
	WANG Min， ZHANG Jiajia， WANG Ruifeng， et al. Quality variations and controlling factors of deepwater submarine-fan reservoirs， Rovuma Basin， East Africa［J］. Petroleum Exploration and Development， 2022， 49（3）： 491-501.
14	陈飞，范洪军，范廷恩，等. 西非尼日尔三角洲盆地A油田深水浊积水道沉积体系沉积特征［J］. 地学前缘， 2023， 30（4）： 209-217.
	CHEN Fei， FAN Hongjun， FAN Tingen， et al. Sedimentary architecture of the deep-water turbidite system in A oil field， Nigeria Delta， West Africa［J］. Earth Science Frontiers， 2023， 30（4）： 209-217.
15	ANSCHUTZ P， JORISSEN F J， CHAILLOU G， et al. Recent turbidite deposition in the eastern Atlantic： Early diagnesis and biotic recovery［J］. Journal of Marine Research， 2002， 60（6）： 835-854.
16	SYLVESTER Z， LOWE D R. Textural trends in turbidites and slurry beds from the Oligocene flysch of the East Carpathians， Romania［J］. Sedimentology， 2004， 51（5）： 945-972.
17	付超，谢玉洪，王晖，等. 深水峡谷复合浊积砂体内隔夹层发育类型与沉积成因——以琼东南盆地中央峡谷为例［J］. 天然气工业， 2023， 43（5）： 23-33.
	FU Chao， XIE Yuhong， WANG Hui， et al. Types and sedimentary genesis of barriers and interlayers in the composite turbidite sand bodies of deep-water canyon： A case study of the Central Canyon in the Qiongdongnan Basin［J］. Natural Gas Industry， 2023， 43（5）： 23-33.
18	谢玉洪，李绪深，范彩伟，等. 琼东南盆地上中新统黄流组轴向水道源汇体系与天然气成藏特征［J］. 石油勘探与开发， 2016， 43（4）： 521-528， 549.
	XIE Yuhong， LI Xushen， FAN Caiwei， et al. The axial channel provenance system and natural gas accumulation of the Upper Miocene Huangliu Formation in Qiongdongnan Basin， South China Sea［J］. Petroleum Exploration and Development， 2016， 43（4）： 521-528， 549.
19	苏明，张成，解习农，等. 深水峡谷体系控制因素分析——以南海北部琼东南盆地中央峡谷体系为例［J］. 中国科学（地球科学）， 2014， 44（8）： 1807-1820.
	SU Ming， ZHANG Cheng， XIE Xinong， et al. Controlling factors on the submarine canyon system： A case study of the Central Canyon System in the Qiongdongnan Basin， northern South China Sea［J］. Science China Earth Sciences， 2014， 44（8）： 1807-1820.
20	付超，于兴河，金丽娜，等. 琼东南盆地莺歌海组重力流沉积演化过程［J］. 沉积学报， 2017， 35（3）： 552-560.
	FU Chao， YU Xinghe， JIN Lina， et al. Sedimentary evolution of gravity flow disposition of Yinggehai Formation in Qiongdongnan Basin［J］. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica， 2017， 35（3）： 552-560.
21	FU Chao， LI Shenli， LI Shunli， et al. Spatial-temporal evolution of the source-to-sink system in the northwestern South China Sea from the Eocene to the Miocene［J］. Global and Planetary Change， 2022， 214： 103851.
22	张亚雄，朱筱敏，陈欢庆，等. 琼东南盆地渐新统陵水组坡折带类型及层序地层样式［J］. 石油与天然气地质， 2014， 35（4）： 473-479.
	ZHANG Yaxiong， ZHU Xiaomin， CHEN Huanqing， et al. Slope-break types and sequence stratigraphic styles of the Oligocene Lingshui Formation in Qiongdongnan Basin， South China Sea［J］. Oil & Gas Geology， 2014， 35（4）： 473-479.
23	LI Chao， CHEN Guojun， ZHOU Qianshan， et al. Multistage geomorphic evolution of the Central Canyon in the Qiongdongnan Basin， NW South China Sea［J］. Marine Geophysical Research， 2021， 42（3）： 27.
24	GONG Chenglin， LI Dongwei， QI Kun， et al. Flow processes and sedimentation in a straight submarine channel on the Qiongdongnan margin， northwestern South China Sea［J］. Journal of Sedimentary Research， 2020， 90（10）： 1372-1388.
25	张功成，曾清波，苏龙，等. 琼东南盆地深水区陵水17-2大气田成藏机理［J］. 石油学报， 2016， 37（）： 34-46.
	ZHANG Gongcheng， ZENG Qingbo， SU Long， et al. Accumulation mechanism of LS 17-2 deep water giant gas field in Qiongdongnan Basin［J］. Acta Petrolei Sinica， 2016， 37（S1）： 34-46.
26	FU Chao， YU Xinghe， LI Shunli， et al. Multistage unidirectionally migrating canyons and the evolution of their trajectories in the canyon zone in the Baiyun Sag， northern South China Sea： Insights into canyon genesis［J］. Interpretation， 2021， 9（2）： SB17-SB32.
27	STOW D A V， JOHANSSON M. Deep-water massive sands： Nature， origin and hydrocarbon implications［J］. Marine and Petroleum Geology， 2000， 17（2）： 145-174.
28	MITCHELL W H， WHITTAKER A C， MAYALL M， et al. Quantifying structural controls on submarine channel architecture and kinematics［J］. GSA Bulletin， 2022， 134（3/4）： 928-940.
29	MULDER T， ALEXANDER J. The physical character of subaqueous sedimentary density flows and their deposits［J］. Sedimentology， 2001， 48（2）： 269-299.
30	KNELLER B C， BRANNEY M J. Sustained high-density turbidity currents and the deposition of thick massive sands［J］. Sedimentology， 1995， 42（4）： 607-616.
31	HOUSEKNECHT D W. Assessing the relative importance of compaction processes and cementation to reduction of porosity in sandstones［J］. AAPG Bulletin， 1987， 71（6）： 633-642.
32	李保华，王晓燕，龙江平. 海南岛近岸沉积物中的有孔虫特征与分布［J］. 微体古生物学报， 2008， 25（3）： 225-234.
	LI Baohua， WANG Xiaoyan， LONG Jiangping. Foraminiferal characteristics and distribution in the sea surface sediments near Hainan Island［J］. Acta Micropalaeontologica Sinica， 2008， 25（3）： 225-234.
33	马遵青，陈国俊，杨海长，等. 大型有孔虫壳体对砂岩储集空间及物性的影响——以琼东南盆地松南凹陷三亚组一段为例［J］. 天然气地球科学， 2019， 30（5）： 712-720.
	MA Zunqing， CHEN Guojun， YANG Haichang， et al. Effects of large-foraminiferal shells on sandstone reservoir space and physical properties： Case study of the 1st member of Sanya Formation， Songnan Sag， Qiongdongnan Basin［J］. Natural Gas Geoscience， 2019， 30（5）： 712-720.
34	刘巍，胡林，廖仪，等. 陵水凹陷中央峡谷水道砂体构型地震响应正演模拟及有利分布区预测［J］. 中国海上油气， 2020， 32（6）： 43-53.
	LIU Wei， HU Lin， LIAO Yi， et al. Forward simulation on seismic response of channel sand body architecture in central canyon of Lingshui Sag and favorable zone prediction［J］. China Offshore Oil and Gas， 2020， 32（6）： 43-53.
35	周展，杨朝强，洪楚侨，等. 深水少井区重力流薄泥岩隔夹层预测方法［J］. 天然气工业， 2020， 40（12）： 52-58.
	ZHOU Zhan， YANG Chaoqiang， HONG Chuqiao， et al. A prediction method of thin mudstone interlayers with gravity flow in deep water areas with fewer wells［J］. Natural Gas Industry， 2020， 40（12）： 52-58.
36	YU Xiaohang， STOW D， SMILLIE Z， et al. Contourite porosity， grain size and reservoir characteristics［J］. Marine and Petroleum Geology， 2020， 117： 104392.
37	BRACKENRIDGE R E， HERNÁNDEZ-MOLINA F J， STOW D A V， et al. A Pliocene mixed contourite-turbidite system offshore the Algarve Margin， Gulf of Cadiz： Seismic response， margin evolution and reservoir implications［J］. Marine and Petroleum Geology， 2013， 46： 36-50.
38	王光绪，吴伟，林畅松，等. 新西兰Taranaki 盆地第四系深水水道迁移规律与沉积模式［J］. 中国石油大学学报（自然科学版）， 2022， 46（3）： 13-24.
	WANG Guangxu， WU Wei， LIN Changsong， et al. Migration rules and depositional model of Quaternary deep-water channel in Taranaki Basin， New Zealand［J］. Journal of China University of Petroleum （Edition of Natural Science）， 2022， 46（3）： 13-24.
39	单玄龙，热西提·亚力坤，刘培，等. 珠江口盆地西江主洼珠琼运动的沉积响应及构造意义［J］. 吉林大学学报（地球科学版）， 2023， 53（2）： 329-342.
	SHAN Xuanlong， YALIKUN·Rexiti， LIU Pei， et al. Sedimentary Response and Tectonic Significance of Zhuqiong Movement in Xijiang Main Sag， Pearl River Mouth Basin. Journal of Jilin University （Earth Science Edition）［J］. 2023， 53（2）： 329-342.
40	田兵，郑有伟，赵俊梅. 南海白云凹陷渐新统珠海组沉积相及其演化［J］. 断块油气田， 2022， 29（6）： 800-806，836.
	TIAN Bing， ZHENG Youwei， ZHAO Junmei. Sedimentary facies and evolution of Oligocene Zhuhai Formation in Baiyun Sag， South China Sea［J］. Fault-Block Oil and Gas Field， 2022， 29（6）： 800-806，836.
41	陈奎，王雯娟，徐万兴，等. 琼东南盆地中央峡谷“深海一号”大气田周缘成藏条件与滚动勘探成效［J］. 石油实验地质， 2023， 45（5）： 994-1006.
	CHEN Kui， WANG Wenjuan， XU Wanxing， et al. Accumulation conditions and rolling exploration results in the periphery of “Deep Sea No.1” giant gas field in central canyon of Qiongdongnan Basin［J］. Petroleum Geology & Experiment， 2023， 45（5）： 994-1006.
42	DOS ANJOS S M C， DE ROS L F， DE SOUZA R S， et al. Depositional and diagenetic controls on the reservoir quality of Lower Cretaceous Pendencia sandstones， Potiguar Rift Basin， Brazil［J］. AAPG Bulletin， 2000， 84（11）： 1719-1742.

峡谷分段	平均坡降/（°）	下切深度/m	峡谷宽度/m	沉积充填类型	峡谷弯曲度/（°）
调整段	0.3	50	150	滑塌体、粗粒浊积水道	3～5
顺直段	0.6	20	100	细粒浊积水道	1～2
弯曲段	0.1	30	120	细粒浊积水道	15

[1]	Liqing ZHOU, Donghui JIANG, Pengcheng YANG, Rufeng ZHANG, Xin DONG, Yadi SANG. Philosophy and potential breakthroughs for hydrocarbon exploration in block LS13-2 on the northern slope of the Lingshui Sag， Qiongdongnan Basin [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2024, 45(3): 673-683.
[2]	Dujie HOU, Keqiang WU, Li YOU, Ziming ZHANG, Yajun LI, Xiaofeng XIONG, Min XU, Xiazhe YAN, Weihe CHEN, Xiong CHENG. Organic matter enrichment mechanisms of terrigenous marine source rocks in the Qiongdongnan Basin [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2024, 45(1): 31-43.
[3]	Li YOU, Yongbin QUAN, Lei TUO, Changyu TENG, Gaokun ZUO. Natural gas sources and migration pathways of the Baodao 21-1 gas field in the deep-water area of the Qiongdongnan Basin [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2023, 44(5): 1270-1278.
[4]	Keqiang WU, Xinong XIE, Jianxiang PEI, Jianye REN, Li YOU, Tao JIANG, Yongbin QUAN. Deep architecture of hyperextended marginal basin and implications for hydrocarbon exploration：A case study of Qiongdongnan Basin [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2023, 44(3): 651-661.
[5]	Mingcai HOU, Xiaohu HE, Qiuyue JIN, Haiyang CAO, Liwen HE, Youyuan QUE, Anqing CHEN. Factors controlling the formation and distribution of Mesozoic buried hill reservoirs in the Qiongdongnan Basin [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2023, 44(3): 637-650.
[6]	Dongwei LI, Chenglin GONG, Lin HU, Xiaohu HE, Quanyuan LUO. Hierarchical division and fine architectural depiction of the interior of deep-water channel deposits [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2023, 44(3): 553-564.
[7]	Zengxue Li, Ying Liu, Xiaojing Li, Gongcheng Zhang, Rui Sun, Dongdong Wang, Lusheng Yin, Jiamin Liu. The control of Paleogene peat swamp destruction and reconstruction on the formation of coal-type source material in the Qiongdongnan Basin [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2022, 43(6): 1309-1320.
[8]	Liu Ying, Liu Haiyan, Yang Haizhang, Wang Dongdong, Song Guangzeng, Lyu Dawei, Chen Ying, Li Zengxue. Types and characteristics of Paleogene coal-forming sedimentary systems in Qiongdongnan Basin [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2019, 40(1): 142-151.
[9]	Hu Guangyi, Fan Ting'en, Chen Fei, Jing Yongquan, Song Laiming, Liang Xu, Xiao Dakun. Theory of composite sand body architecture and its application to oilfield development [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2018, 39(1): 1-10.
[10]	Tong Hengmao, Fan Caiwei, Tong Chuanxin, Song Peng, Zhang Hao. Characteristics, types and genetic mechanism of Baodao transfer zone, Qiongdongnan Basin [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2015, 36(6): 897-905.
[11]	Zhang Yaxiong, Zhu Xiaomin, Chen Huanqing, Zhang Gongcheng. Slope-break types and sequence stratigraphic styles of the Oligocene Lingshui Formation in Qiongdongnan Basin, South China Sea [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2014, 35(4): 473-479.
[12]	Wei Kuisheng, Chu Meijuan, Cui Yingkai, Shen Hua, Liang Jianshe, Yang Guozhong, Liu Tieshu. Characteristics of time-space combination of lowstand system tracts and their exploration significance in eastern Qiongdongnan basin [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2004, 25(6): 650-655.

Types and distribution patterns of complex turbidite sandstone reservoirs in the upper reaches of deep-water canyons—A case study of the Lingshui gas field in the Central Canyon of Qiongdongnan Basin

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

Knowledge

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

Figures/Tables 11

References 42

Related Articles 12

Recommended Articles

Metrics