白垩储层: 一种特殊的碳酸盐岩储层类型——以叙利亚Tishrine油田为例

doi:10.11743/ogg20120508

Abstract

Abstract:

Taking the Tishrine oilfield in Syria as an example,this paper discusses a characterization of a special type of carbonate reservoir-chalk reservoir.The Upper Cretaceous-Eocene reservoirs in this oilfield are rich in micro-pores and fractures,and typically have high porosity and ultra-low permeability.Lab analysis shows that their core plug porosity can be as high as 35%,permeability is less than 1×10^-3 μm² for most samples,formation resistivity is rather low(0.1-5 Ω·m),and the irreducible water saturation can be as high as 70-95%.The study suggests that the Upper Cretaceous-Eocene are chalk or chalkoid(chalk-like)reservoirs deposited in shelf and off-shelf environments,which contain a large number of tiny coccolithophores of a few microns in diameter and well developed intergranular micropores.Their pore throat radius is in the range from 0.5 to 1 μm.Coupled with high salinity(3-7 times higher than that of sea water),these reservoirs have very low formation resistivity.Factors such as sedimentary environment,shale content,calcite cementation,recrystallization and compaction are considered as the key forces controlling the development of the reservoirs.As far as the study area is concerned,such conditions as no exposure to atmospheric water,highstand deposition and no clastic input were favorable for forming high-quality reservoirs.The late fracturing event played a very important role in the forming of present permeability of these reservoirs.The fractures are mostly associated with late strike-slip faulting or tectonic inversion and also control the geometry and heterogeneity of the reservoirs.The challenges we are going to facing in the study of this special reservoir include the prediction of fracture distribution,identification of oil-bearing intervals,and determination of reserves estimating parameters

Key words: fracture, chalk deposit, carbonate reservoir, Tishrine oilfield, Syria

CLC Number:

122.2

Zhang Tao, Wu Xingwei, Zhu Zhixin, Xia Dongling, Chen Guiju, Yu Huiling. Characterization of chalk reservoirs:an example from Tishrine oilfield, Syria[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2012, 33(5): 720-729.

References

[1] Brew G,Litak R,Barazangi M.Tectonic evolution of northeast Syria:regional implications and hydrocarbon prospects[J].GeoArabia,1999,4(3):289-318.
[2] Brew G,Barazangi M.Tectonic and geologic evolution of Syria[J].GeoArabia,2001,6(4):573-616.
[3] Kent W N,Hickman R G.Structural development of Jebel Abd Al Aziz,northeast Syria[J].GeoArabia,1997,2(3):307-330.
[4] Scholle P A.A color guide to the petrography of carbonate rocks[M].AAPG Memoir 77,2003:54-59.
[5] Tatum E P,Upper Cretaceous chalk in cap rock of McFaddin beach salt dome[J].AAPG Bulletin,1939,23(3):339-342.
[6] Young K,Marks E.Zonation of Upper Cretaceous Austin chalk and burditt marl,Williamson County,Texas[J].AAPG Bulletin,1952,36(3):477-488.
[7] Scholle P A,Bebout D D,Morre C H.Carbonate depositional environments[M].AAPG Memoir 33,1983:619-690.
[8] Primary chalk plays.C & C Reservoirs,1998:1-27.
[9] Brasher J E,Vagle K R.Influence of lithofacies and diagenesis on Norwegian North Sea chalk reservoirs[J].AAPG Bulletin,1996,80(5):746-769.
[10] Safaricz M,Davison I.Pressure solution in chalk[J].AAPG Bulletin,2005,89(3):383-401.
[11] Stage M.Recognition of cyclicity in the petrophysical properties of a Maastrichtian pelagic chalk oil field reservoir from the Danish North Sea[J].AAPG Bulletin,2001,85(11):2003-2015.
[12] Lenoy A.Making sense of Carbonate pore systems[J].AAPG Bulletin,2006,90(9):1381-1405.
[13] Lindsay R F.Carbonate porosity families and their reservoir potential.AAPG annual convention & exhibition,2010.
[14] 刘宏,吴兴波,谭秀成,等.多旋回复杂碳酸盐岩储层渗透率测井评价[J].石油与天然气地质,2010,31(5):678–684. Liu Hong,Wu Xingbo,Tan Xiucheng,et al.Logging evaluation of permeability of multicyclic carbonate rock reservoirs in the Middle Sichuan Basin[J].Oil & Gas Geology,2010,31(5):678-684.
[15] 涂兴万.缝洞型碳酸盐岩底水油藏水锥风险条件综合评判[J].断块油气田,2011,18(3):383-385. Tu Xingwan.Risk evaluation of water coning by synthetic judgment in fractured-vuggy carbonate reservoir with bottom water[J].Fault-Block Oil & Gas Field,2011,18(3):383-385.
[16] 郭彤楼.川东北地区碳酸盐岩层系孔隙型与裂缝型气藏成藏差异性[J].石油与天然气地质,2011,31(3):311-317,326. Guo Tonglou.Differences in reservoir forming between porous and fractured gas pools in carbonates,the northeastern Sichuan Basin[J].Oil & Gas Geology,2011,31(3):311-317,326.
[17] 梁积伟,李宗杰,刘昊伟,等.塔里木盆地塔河油田S108井区奥陶系一间房组裂缝性储层研究[J].石油实验地质,2010,32(5):447-452. Liang Jiwei,Li Zongjie,Liu Haowei,et al.Characteristics of fracture reservoir of Ordovician Yijianfang Formation in S108 area of Tahe oilfield,Tarim Basin[J].Petroleum Geology & Experiment,2010,32(5):447-452.
[18] 杨敏,靳佩.塔河油田奥陶系缝洞型油藏储量分类评价技术[J].石油与天然气地质,2011,32(4): 625-630. Yang Min,Jin Pei.Reserve classification and evaluation of the Ordovician fractured-vuggy reservoirs in Tahe oilfield[J].Oil & Gas Geology,2011,32(4):625-630.
[19] 宋化明,刘建军.塔河油田四区缝洞性油藏缝洞单元划分方法研究[J].石油地质与工程,2011,25(3):61-64. Song Huaming,Liu Jianjun.Study on the fracture-cavity unit division method of fracture-cavity reservoirs in the 4th block of Tahe oilfield [J].Petroleum Geology and Engineering,2011,25(3):61-64.

Characterization of chalk reservoirs:an example from Tishrine oilfield, Syria

PDF (PC)

Knowledge

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

References

Related Articles 15

Recommended Articles

Metrics

[1]	Cheng Shen, Lan Ren, Jinzhou Zhao, Mingpei Chen. Division of shale lithofacies associations and their impact on fracture network formation in the Silurian Longmaxi Formation, Sichuan Basin [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2021, 42(1): 98-106, 123.
[2]	Hongjian Zhu, Yiwen Ju, Yan Sun, Cheng Huang, Hongye Feng, Raza Ali, Kun Yu, Peng Qiao, Lei Xiao. Evolution characteristics and models of shale pores and fractures under tectonic deformation: A case study of the Lower Paleozoic marine shale in the Sichuan Basin and its periphery [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2021, 42(1): 186-200, 240.
[3]	Kewei Zu, Lingxiao Fan, Bo Wang, Dongsheng Cao, Cong Guan, Zhongchao Li, Xiushen Cheng. Development patterns of fractures in carbonate reservoirs in the 2^nd member of Jialingjiang Formation, Puguang area, Sichuan Basin [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2020, 41(6): 1188-1196.
[4]	Zhe Mao, Lianbo Zeng, Guoping Liu, Zhiyong Gao, He Tian, Qing Liao, Yunzhao Zhang. Characterization and effectiveness of natural fractures in deep tight sandstones at the south margin of the Junggar Basin, northwestern China [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2020, 41(6): 1212-1221.
[5]	Jian Li, Lianbo Zeng, Yu Lin, Guoping Liu, Dongsheng Cao, Zhaosheng Wang. Horizontal fractures of the Cenozoic in western Qaidam Basin and their tectonic implication [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2020, 41(6): 1222-1232.
[6]	Xiaohua Che, Teng Zhao, Wenxiao Qiao, Wenya Lyu, Jianming Fan. Fracture identification and evaluation based on multi-pole acoustic logging [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2020, 41(6): 1263-1272.
[7]	Shuangquan Chen, Qingliang Zhong, Zhongping Li, Min Zhang, Xin Zhao, Xiangyang Li. Petrophysical modeling of horizontal bedding-parallel fractures and its seismic response characteristics [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2020, 41(6): 1273-1281, 1287.
[8]	Zhiming Chen, Haoshu Chen, Xinwei Liao, Lianbo Zeng, Biao Zhou. Evaluation of fracture networks along fractured horizontal wells in tight oil reservoirs:A case study of Jimusar oilfield in the Junggar Basin [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2020, 41(6): 1288-1298.
[9]	Meng Li, Xiaofei Shang, Huawei Zhao, Shuang Wu, Taizhong Duan. Prediction of fractures in tight gas reservoirs based on likelihood attribute —A case study of the 2^nd member of Xujiahe Formation in Xinchang area, Western Sichuan Depression, Sichuan Basin [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2020, 41(6): 1299-1309.
[10]	Xunyu Cai, Guiqiang Qiu, Dongsheng Sun, Hongquan Zhu, Wei Wang, Zhiping Zeng. Types and characteristics of tight sandstone sweet spots in large basins of central-western China [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2020, 41(4): 684-695.
[11]	Faqi He, Chengchun Liang, Cheng Lu, Chunyan Yuan, Xiaowei Li. Identification and description of fault-fracture bodies in tight and low permeability reservoirs in transitional zone at the south margin of Ordos Basin [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2020, 41(4): 710-718.
[12]	Peiqing Lian, Wenbin Gao, Xiang Tang, Taizhong Duan, Fuyong Wang, Huawei Zhao, Yiqiang Li. Workflow for pore-type classification of carbonate reservoirs based on CT scanned images [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2020, 41(4): 852-861.
[13]	Zeng Lianbo, Lyu Peng, Qu Xuefeng, Fan Jianming. Multi-scale fractures in tight sandstone reservoirs with low permeability and geological conditions of their development [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2020, 41(3): 449-454.
[14]	Sun Shuai, Hou Guiting. Analysis of conceptual models for the influence of rock mechanics on tensile zone in faulted anticlines [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2020, 41(3): 455-462.
[15]	Tian He, Zeng Lianbo, Xu Xiang, Shu Zhiguo, Peng Yongmin, Mao Zhe, Luo Bing. Characteristics of natural fractures in marine shale in Fuling area,Sichuan Basin, and their influence on shale gas [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2020, 41(3): 474-483.