辽西雷家地区沙四段中-低熟烃源岩排烃效率与致密油-页岩油勘探前景

doi:10.11743/ogg20190411

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 辽河西部凹陷雷家地区沙河街组四段在咸化闭塞湖湾环境下，发育高丰度厚层云质、方沸石质泥岩和页岩，整体处于低成熟阶段（R_o=0.3%~0.7%）。铸体薄片、扫描电镜分析表明，页岩储层广泛发育构造缝和收缩缝，碎屑矿物粒间孔发育，纳米孔主要为白云石、方沸石矿物溶蚀孔，有机质纳米孔不发育。采用TOC测井定量评价方法（ΔlgR法）明确了沙四段优质烃源岩（TOC>4%）的纵横向展布特征。其中，杜家台油层优质烃源岩和高升油层优质烃源岩均集中分布在雷家-陈家洼陷地区。排烃效率实验分析结果表明，在当前热演化程度下，烃源岩排烃效率在12%~17%，总生烃量在10~35 mg/g。由于高丰度烃源岩累积厚度大，估算雷家地区沙四段致密油-页岩油总资源量达1.37×10⁸ t。通过源-储组合综合分析，认为雷家地区沙四段杜家台油层为致密油-页岩油有利勘探区，高升油层为页岩油有利勘探区，由于各类岩性均具有一定的生烃潜力和储集能力，适合致密油-页岩油整体开发。

关键词: 源-储组合, 中-低熟烃源岩, 排烃效率, 致密油-页岩油, 沙四段, 雷家地区, 辽西凹陷

Abstract: Thick dolomitic/analcite mudstones and shales at the stage of lower maturity(R_o:0.3% -0.8%) are deve-loped in saline and restricted bay environment of the 4^th member of Shahejie Formation(Es⁴), Leijia area in West Depression, Liaohe Basin.Based on the analysis of casting thin sections and SEM images, it is found that structural fractures and constricted fissures are highly developed in shale reservoirs, intergranular pores in clastic minerals are also developed, and dissolved nanopores in dolomites and analcites are present without organic nanopores.What's more, the distribution of hydrocarbon source rocks with high abundance of organic matters(TOC>4%) is determined with the quantitative evaluation of well logging using TOC data(ΔlgR method).It reveals that quality hydrocarbon source rocks in Dujiatai and Gaosheng reservoirs are distributed mainly in Leijia and Chenjia sags.In addition, the experimental results of hydrocarbon expulsion efficiency show that at the current maturity stage, the expulsion efficiency of hydrocarbon source rocks ranges from 12% and 17%, with the hydrocarbon production totaling 10 to 35 mg/g.As for the high abundance and large cumulative thickness of hydrocarbon source rocks, it is estimated that the tight-shale oil reserves can reach 1.37×10⁸ t in Es⁴, Leijia area.According to the integrated analysis of source-reservoir assemblages, the Dujiatai reservoir in Es⁴, Leijia area is favorable for tight-shale oil exploration, while the Gaosheng reservoir is favorable for shale oil exploration.In a word, the studied area is favorable for integrated exploration of tight-shale oil since different types of hydrocarbon source rocks have certain hydrocarbon-generating and reserving potentials.

Key words: source-reservoir assemblage, medium-low mature source rock, hydrocarbon expulsion efficiency, tight-shale oil, Es⁴, Leijia area, West Depression of Liaohe Basin

中图分类号:

TE122.1

王媛,汪少勇,李建忠,等. 辽西雷家地区沙四段中-低熟烃源岩排烃效率与致密油-页岩油勘探前景[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2019, 40(4): 810-821. doi: 10.11743/ogg20190411 Wang Yuan,Wang Shaoyong,Li Jianzhong,et al. The hydrocarbon expulsion efficiency of medium-low mature source rocks and tight-shale oil potential in the Es⁴, Leijia area in West Depression, Liaohe Basin[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2019, 40(4): 810-821. doi: 10.11743/ogg20190411

参考文献

[1] Law B E,Curtis J B.Introduction to unconventional petroleum systems[J].AAPG Bulletin,2002,86(11):1851-1852.
[2] Schmoker J W.Resource-assessment perspectives for unconventional gas systems[J].AAPG Bulletin,2002,86(11):1993-1999.
[3] 邹才能,张光亚,陶士振,等.全球油气勘探领域地质特征、重大发现及非常规石油地质[J].石油勘探与开发,2010,37(2):129-145. Zou Caineng,Zhang Guangya,Tao Shizhen,et al.Geological features,major discoveries and unconventional petroleum geology in the global petroleum exploration[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2010,37(2):129-145.
[4] 邹才能,杨智,陶士振,等.纳米油气与源储共生型油气聚集[J].石油勘探与开发,2012,39(1):13-26. Zou Caineng,Yang Zhi,Tao Shizhen,et al.Nano-hydrocarbon and the accumulation in coexisting source and reservoir[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2012,39(1):13-26.
[5] 李建忠,郑民,陈晓明,等.非常规油气内涵辨析、源-储组合类型及中国非常规油气发展潜力[J].石油学报,2015,36(5):521-532. Li Jianzhong,Zheng Min,Chen Xiaoming,et al.Connotation analysis,source-reservoir assemblage types and development potential of unconventional hydrocarbon in China[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2015,35(5):521-532.
[6] 王振升,滑双君,于学敏,等.歧口凹陷沙河街组烃源岩分级评价及优质烃源岩分布[J].天然气地球科学,2014,25(12):1896-1902. Wang Zhansheng,Hua Shuangjun,Yu Xuemin,et al.Grading evaluation and high quality source rock distribution in Qikou Sag[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2014,25(12):1896-1902.
[7] 邹才能,杨智,崔景伟,等.页岩油形成机制、地质特征及发展对策[J].石油勘探与开发,2013,40(1):14-26. Zou Caineng,Yang Zhi,Cui Jingwei,et al.Formation mechanism,geological characteristics and development strategy of nonmarine shale oil in China[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2013,40(1):14-26.
[8] 金强,朱光有,王娟.咸化湖盆优质烃源岩的形成与分布[J].中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),2008,32(4):19-23. Jin Qiang,Zhu Guangyou,Wang Juan.Deposition and distribution of high-potential source rocks in saline lacustrine environments[J].Journal of China University of Petroleum(Edition of Natural Science),2008,32(4):19-23.
[9] 张林晔,李政,朱日房,等.济阳坳陷古近系存在页岩气资源的可能性[J].天然气工业,2008,28(12):26-29. Zhang Linye,Li Zheng,Zhu Rifang,et al.Resource potential of shale gas in Paleogene in Jiyang Depression[J].Natural Gas Industry,2008,28(12):26-29.
[10] 张林晔,包友书,李钜源,等.湖相页岩油可动性-以渤海湾盆地济阳坳陷东营凹陷为例[J].石油勘探与开发,2014,41(6):641-649. Zhang Linye,Bao Youshu,Li Juyuan,et al.Movability of lacustrine shale oil:A case study of Dongying Sag,Jiyang Depression,Bohai Bay Basin[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2014,41(6):641-649.
[11] 金涛,高日胜,高彩霞,等.从烃源岩测井评价结果看冀中坳陷饶阳凹陷勘探前景[J].天然气地球科学,2010,21(3):406-411. Jin Tao,Gao Risheng,Gao Caixia,et al.Suggestion of exploration prospect in Raoyang Sag of Jizhong Depression from the logging evaluation results of source rock[J].Natural gas Geoscience,2010,21(3):406-411.
[12] 武晓玲,高波,叶欣,等.中国东部断陷盆地页岩油成藏条件与勘探潜力[J].石油与天然气地质,2013,34(4):455-462. Wu xiaoling,Gao Bo,Ye Xin,et al.Shale oil accumulation conditions and exploration potential of faulted basins in the east of China[J].Oil & Gas Geology,2013,34(4):455-462.
[13] 单俊峰,黄双泉,李理.辽河坳陷西部凹陷雷家湖相碳酸盐岩沉积环境[J].特种油气藏,2014,21(5):7-11. Shan Junfeng,Huang Shuangquan,Li Li.Sedimentary environment of lacustrine carbonate rock in Leijia area in West Sag of Liaohe Depression[J].Special Oil and Gas Reservoir,2014,21(5):7-11.
[14] 孟卫工,陈振岩,赵会民.辽河西部凹陷曙光-雷家地区隐蔽油气藏主控因素及分布规律[J].中国石油勘探,2010,15(3):1-6. Meng Weigong,Chen Zhenyan,Zhao Huimin,et al.Main factors controlling hydrocarbon and distribution rules of subtle reservoirs in Shuguang-Leijia area of Western sag of Liaohe Oilfield[J].China Petroleum Exploration,2010,15(3):1-6.
[15] 宋柏荣,韩洪斗,崔向东,等.渤海湾盆地辽河坳陷古近系沙河街组四段湖相方沸石白云岩成因分析[J].古地理学报,2015,17(1):33-44. Song Bairong,Han Hongdou,Gui Xiangdong,et al.Petrogenesis analysis of lacustrine analcite dolostone of the Member 4 of Paleogene Shahejie Formation in Liaohe Depression,Bohai Bay Basin[J].Journal of Palaeogeography,2015,17(1):33-44.
[16] 卢双舫,黄文彪,陈方文,等.页岩油气资源分级评价标准探讨[J].石油勘探与开发,2012,39(2):249-256. Lu Shuangfang,Huang Wenbiao,Chen Fangwen,et al.Classification and evaluation criteria of shale oil and gas resources:Discussion and application[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2012,39(2):249-256.
[17] 邹才能,董大忠,王社教,等.中国页岩气形成机理、地质特征及资源潜力[J].石油勘探与开发,2010,37(6):641-653. Zou Caineng,Dong Dazhong,Wang Shejiao,et al.Geological characteristics,formation mechanism and resource potential of shale gas in China[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2010,37(6):641-653.
[18] 李登华,李建忠,王社教,等.页岩气藏形成条件分析[J].天然气工业,2009,29(5):22-26. Li Denghua,Li Jianzhong,Wang Shejiao,et al.Analysis of controls on gas shale reservoirs[J].Natural Gas Industry,2009,29(5):22-26.
[19] 陈建平,孙永革,钟宁宁,等.地质条件下湖相烃源岩生排烃效率与模式[J].地质学报,2014,88(11):2005-2013. Chen Jianping,Sun Yongge,Zhong Ningning,et al.The efficiency and model of petroleum expulsion from the lacustrine sourc rocks within geological frame[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,2014,88(11):2005-2013.
[20] 庞雄奇,陈章明,陈发景.排油气门限的基本概念、研究意义与应用[J].现代地质,1997,11(4):510-520. Pang Xiongqi,Chen Zhangming,Chen Fajin.Basic concept of hydrocarbon expulsion threshold and its research significance and application[J].Geoscience,1997,11(4):510-520.
[21] 汪少勇,李建忠,王社教,等.辽河西部凹陷雷家地区沙四段油气资源结构特征[J].天然气地球科学,2016,27(9):1728-1741. Wang Shaoyong,Li Jianzhong,Wang Shejiao,et al.Resource framework of the 4^th member of Shahejie Formation,Leijia district,Liaohe Western Depression[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2016,27(9):1728-1741.
[22] Passey Q R,Moretti F J,Kulla J B,et al.A practical model for organic richness from porosity and resistivity logs[J].AAPG Bulletin,1990,74(12):1777-1794.
[23] 谢灏辰,于炳松,曾秋楠,等.鄂尔多斯盆地延长组页岩有机碳测井解释方法与应用[J].石油与天然气地质,2013,34(6):731-735. Xie Haochen,Yu Bingsong,Zeng Qiunan,et al.TOC logging interpretation method and its application to Yanchang Formation shales,the Ordos Basin[J].Oil & Gas Geology,2013,34(6):731-735.
[24] 贺君玲,邓守伟,陈文龙,等.利用测井技术评价松辽盆地南部油页岩[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2006,36(6):910-913. He Junling,Deng Shou-wei,Chen Wen-long,et al.Evaluation of oil shale in the southern Songliao Basin using logging techniques[J].Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition),2006,36(6):910-913.
[25] 王濡岳,丁文龙,王哲,等.页岩气储层地球物理测井评价研究现状[J].地球物理学进展,2015,30(1):229-237. Wang Ruyue,Ding Wenlong,Wang Zhe,et al.Progress of geophysical well logging in shale gas reservoir evaluation[J].Progress in Geophysics,2015,30(1):229-237.
[26] 陈瑞银,王汇彤,陈建平,等.实验方法评价松辽盆地烃源岩的生排烃效率[J].天然气地球科学,2015,26(5):915-921. Chen Ruiyin,Wang Huitong,Chen Jianping,et al.An experimental method to evaluate the hydrocarbon generation and expulsion efficiency in the Songliao Basin[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2015,26(5):915-921.
[27] 黄振凯,刘全有,黎茂稳,等.鄂尔多斯盆地长7段泥页岩层系排烃效率及其含油性[J].石油与天然气地质,2018,39(3):513-600. Huang Zhenkai,Liu Quanyou,Li Maowen,et al.Hydrocarbon expulsion efficiency and oil-bearing property of the shale system in Chang 7 Member,Ordos Basin[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,2018,39(3):513-600.
[28] 蔡希源.湖相烃源岩生排烃机制及生排烃效率差异性-以渤海湾盆地东营凹陷为例[J].石油与天然气地质,2012,33(3):329-334. Cai Xiyuan.Hydrocarbon generation-expulsion mechanisms and efficiencies of lacustrine source rocks:a case study from the Dongying Sag,Bohai Bay Basin[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,2012,33(3):329-334.
[29] 李志明,郑伦举,马中良,等.烃源岩有限空间油气生排模拟及其意义[J].石油实验地质,2011,33(5):447-459. Li Zhiming,Zheng Lunju,Ma Zhongliang,et al.Simulation of source rock for hydrocarbon generation and expulsion in finite space and its significance[J].Petroleum Geology & Experiment,2011,33(5):447-459.