东海西湖凹陷平湖组Ⅲ型干酪根暗色泥岩生排烃模拟

doi:10.11743/ogg20200212

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为更真实地刻画烃源岩生排烃过程及为油气资源定量评价提供合理的关键参数，对东海陆架盆地西湖凹陷始新统平湖组Ⅲ型干酪根暗色泥岩开展了半开放体系下热压生排烃模拟实验研究。模拟结果显示，该暗色泥岩的生排烃过程主要包括初期缓慢生油阶段（R_o=0.5%~0.7%）、早期快速生排油阶段（R_o=0.7%~1.0%）、中期油裂解气阶段（R_o=1.0%~1.5%）、后期主生气阶段（R_o=1.5%~2.3%）及晚期生干气阶段（R_o>2.3%）。该烃源岩的排油门限（R_o）约为0.7%，其生气范围较宽（R_o=1.0%~3.0%），且在高—过热演化阶段仍具备较强的生气能力，是以生气为主的气源岩。通过对实验结果和样品生排烃特征的研究，建立了一套西湖凹陷平湖组Ⅲ型暗色泥岩生气与生排油过程及潜力评价的数学模型，可用于该区资源量计算。与封闭体系的高温高压黄金管热模拟实验相比，半开放体系下烃源岩热压生排烃模拟实验的累计产油率更高，也更接近实际地质情况，据此评价可使西湖凹陷具有更大的油气资源量。

关键词: 生排烃模拟, 地层热模拟, Ⅲ型干酪根暗色泥岩, 平湖组, 西湖凹陷, 东海陆架盆地

Abstract:

In order to finely describe the hydrocarbon generation and expulsion process of source rocks and provide reasonable key parameters for quantitative evaluation of oil and gas resources, we carried out a simulation research under semi-open system on hydrocarbon generation and expulsion for the dark mudstone with Type-Ⅲ kerogen in the Eocene Pinghu Formation in the Xihu Sag, East China Sea Shelf Basin.The results show that the process of hydrocarbon generation and expulsion can be divided into five stages as follows, 1) R_o=0.5%-0.7%, when oil was generated slowly without expulsion; 2) R_o=0.7%-1.0%, when oil was generated and expelled rapidly; 3) R_o=1.0%-1.5%, when oil began to be cracked into hydrocarbon gas; 4) R_o=1.5%-2.3%, when gas generation predominated; and 5) R_o>2.3%, when only dry gas was generated.Oil expulsion threshold (R_o) of the source rock of this type is about 0.7% (R_o=0.7%), having a wide gas-window of R_o=1.0%-3.0%.So it can maintain relatively strong gas generation ability at high-and over-mature stages, belonging to gas-prone source rock.Following the study on experimental results and the characteristics of hydrocarbon generation and expulsion in samples, we established a set of mathematical models for the evaluation of the process and potential of gas generation and oil generation and expulsion of the dark mudstone with Type-Ⅲ kerogen in the study area.Compared with the thermal simulation experiment in a closed system, the cumulative yield of oil in the semi-open system is higher and closer to that under actual geological conditions.Accordingly, we may conclude that more oil and gas resources may exist in the Xihu Sag.

Key words: simulation of hydrocarbon generation and expulsion, formation thermal simulation, dark mudstone with Type-Ⅲ kerogen, Pinghu Formation, Xihu Sag, East China Sea Shelf Basin

中图分类号:

TE122.1

徐陈杰,叶加仁,刘金水,等. 东海西湖凹陷平湖组Ⅲ型干酪根暗色泥岩生排烃模拟[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2020, 41(2): 359-366. doi: 10.11743/ogg20200212 Chenjie Xu,Jiaren Ye,Jinshui Liu,et al. Simulation of hydrocarbon generation and expulsion for the dark mudstone with Type-Ⅲ kerogen in the Pinghu Formation of Xihu Sag in East China Sea Shelf Basin[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2020, 41(2): 359-366. doi: 10.11743/ogg20200212

图/表 10

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序号	模拟埋深/m	模拟温度/℃	预期R_o/%	静岩压力/MPa	排烃釜压力/MPa	排烃压差/MPa	排烃温度/℃	恒温时间/h	样品质量/g
1	2 800	335	0.80	64.40	33.60	2.80	140	48	79.52
2	3 900	360	1.25	93.60	50.70	5.85	160	48	79.76
3	4 450	400	1.50	111.25	57.85	6.68	180	48	79.70
4	5 200	455	1.80	130.00	72.80	10.40	190	48	79.88
5	5 900	480	2.00	153.40	82.60	11.80	210	48	79.58
6	6 200	525	2.50	161.20	93.00	15.50	220	48	79.69
7	6 400	575	>3.00	166.40	96.00	16.00	220	48	79.62

序号	模拟温度/℃	实验R_o/%	排出油累计产率/(mg·g^-1)	残留油累计产率/(mg·g^-1)	累计产油率/(mg·g^-1)	累计排出油占比/%	烃气体积累计产率/(mL·g^-1)	烃气质量累计产率/(mg·g^-1)	甲烷含量/%	累计产烃率/(mg·g^-1)
1	335	0.80	19.65	19.76	39.41	37.61	16.72	21.23	58.82	60.63
2	360	0.98	49.77	18.29	68.06	95.27	19.12	25.15	62.14	93.21
3	400	1.48	51.61	5.83	57.44	98.79	38.48	47.21	73.71	104.64
4	455	1.74	51.62	3.51	55.13	98.82	77.16	79.17	83.25	134.30
5	480	2.07	51.90	2.32	54.22	99.35	101.12	100.70	93.10	154.92
6	525	2.30	51.98	1.40	53.38	99.51	129.27	117.12	96.10	170.51
7	575	2.91	52.24	0.49	52.73	100.00	158.44	136.87	98.63	189.61

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