低渗透各向异性油藏菱形井网储量动用评价及设计优化

doi:10.11743/ogg20210519

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

确定菱形注采井网的合理注采井距和井排比，是低渗透各向异性油藏实现储量有效动用和注采均衡驱替开发部署设计的关键。基于一般低渗透油藏特点，建立了考虑启动压力梯度和渗透率各向异性影响的渗流方程，利用经典渗流力学理论，得到了菱形反九点井网注采单元中渗流场分布的解析解；基于注采单元中平面渗流速度变化的分析，提出了评价储量有效动用状况的方法，得到了不同条件下低渗透各向异性油藏储量动用变化规律及主要影响因素；以满足注采单元中“有效动用范围要求和均衡驱替系数最大”为优化目标，建立了低渗透各向异性油藏菱形反九点井网优化的计算模型，实现了菱形井网合理井距和最佳井排比的联立优化求解。实例分析表明，根据建立的低渗透各向异性油藏菱形井网优化设计方法，可以得到适合油藏实际条件和满足开发要求的合理井距和最佳井排比，为此类油藏的有效开发和注采井网的优化部署提供了科学依据。

关键词: 储量有效动用, 均衡驱替, 优化设计, 各向异性, 菱形注采井网, 低渗透油藏, 油藏开发

Abstract:

Determining a well array with reasonable spacing for flooding in rhomboid well pattern, is the key to achieving effective development of reserves and well emplacement for equilibrium displacement development in regular low-permeability anisotropic reservoirs.Based on the characteristics of low-permeability reservoirs, we establish a seepage equation considering the influence of threshold pressure gradient and permeability anisotropy.Classical seepage mechanics is applied to obtain an analytical solution for the seepage field distribution in flooding unit of the rhomboid inverted nine-point well pattern.In turn, a method for evaluating the producing reserve is proposed in line with the analysis of the lateral seepage velocity variation in the flooding unit, and the main factors influencing and rules of producing reserve variation in low-permeability anisotropic reservoirs at different conditions are obtained.At last, a calculation model for optimizing the rhomboid inverted nine-point well pattern is built with the ultimate optimization purpose of meeting "requirement on effective producing reserve range and maximum equilibrium displacement coefficient", and a simultaneous optimization for the best well array with reasonable spacing in this pattern is achieved.Case analysis shows that the rhomboid well pattern optimization design method for low-permeability anisotropic reservoirs can be applied to obtain the best well array with reasonable spacing in line with the actual conditions of the reservoir and the development requirements.The design in all, is of scientific basis to the effective development of reservoirs and optimal emplacement of well patterns.

Key words: effective reserve producing, equilibrium displacement, optimization design, anisotropy, rhomboid injection-production well pattern, low permeability reservoir, reservoir development

中图分类号:

TE348

陈民锋,杨子由,秦立峰,等. 低渗透各向异性油藏菱形井网储量动用评价及设计优化[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2021, 42(5): 1223-1233. doi: 10.11743/ogg20210519 Minfeng Chen,Ziyou Yang,Lifeng Qin,et al. Producing reserve estimation and design optimization of rhomboid well pattern in anisotropic reservoirs of low permeability[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2021, 42(5): 1223-1233. doi: 10.11743/ogg20210519

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参数	符号	取值范围	一般基准值
有效厚度/m	H	5~40	15.0
主方向渗透率/(10^-3 μm²)	K_x	5~50	10.0
平面渗透率级差	J_K	1~20	10.0
原油粘度/(mPa·s)	μ	1~20	5.0
井距/ m	d_S	100~500	300.0
井排比	ε	1~6	2.0
注采压差/ MPa	p	5~30	15.0

参数名称	流度	平面渗透率级差	注采压差	井距	井排比
符号	λ	J_K	p	d_S	ε
单位	10^-3 μm²/(mPa·s)	无量纲	MPa	m	无量纲
取值范围	0.1~5.0	1~20	5~30	100~500	1~6
与“均衡驱替系数”的变化关系	非线性，拐点位置相关程度小	非线性，拐点位置相关程度大	非线性，拐点位置相关程度小	非线性，拐点位置相关程度小	非线性，拐点位置相关程度大
与“无因次有效动用范围”的变化关系	非线性变化，正相关	非线性变化，负相关	非线性变化，正相关	非线性变化，负相关	非线性变化，正相关

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