石油与天然气地质 ›› 2020, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (6): 1263-1272.doi: 10.11743/ogg20200614

• 方法技术 • 上一篇    下一篇

多极子声波测井的裂缝识别与评价

车小花1,2(), 赵腾1,2, 乔文孝1,2, 吕文雅1, 樊建明3   

  1. 1. 中国石油大学(北京) 油气资源与探测国家重点实验室, 北京 102249
    2. 北京市地球探测与信息技术重点实验室, 北京 102249
    3. 中国石油 长庆油田分公司 勘探开发研究院, 陕西 西安 710021
  • 收稿日期:2019-10-20 出版日期:2020-12-28 发布日期:2020-12-09
  • 作者简介:车小花(1976-),女,博士、教授、博士生导师,地球物理测井。E-mail:aclab@cup.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(41874210);国家自然科学基金项目(11734017);中石油战略合作科技专项长庆专项(ZLZX2020-02-02-04)

Fracture identification and evaluation based on multi-pole acoustic logging

Xiaohua Che1,2(), Teng Zhao1,2, Wenxiao Qiao1,2, Wenya Lyu1, Jianming Fan3   

  1. 1. State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting, China University of Petroleum(Beijing), Beijing 102249, China
    2. Beijing Key Laboratory of Earth Prospecting and Information Technology, China University of Petroleum(Beijing), Beijing 102249, China
    3. Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development, Changqing Oilfield Branch Company Ltd., PetroChina, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710021, China
  • Received:2019-10-20 Online:2020-12-28 Published:2020-12-09

摘要:

多极子声波测井在油田应用广泛,对地层裂缝进行评估和分析是其一个重要应用。简要介绍了多极子声波测井在裂缝识别中的国内外研究现状,并简述了多种现有的利用多极子声波测井资料评价裂缝的新方法。以鄂尔多斯盆地X井区实际的多极子声波测井资料处理为例,利用纵横波时差比判断裂缝倾角、井孔模式波声衰减判断裂缝倾角和有效性、斯通利波反射系数确定裂缝位置。利用横波时差各向异性和快慢横波频谱差异估计裂缝发育程度、快横波面方位确定裂缝走向。结合实际电成像测井资料进行了进一步的对比和验证,并对上述方法在裂缝评价中的作用与干扰因素进行了归纳总结。综合应用多种方法进行裂缝识别,可以获取更多的裂缝参数,克服单一方法的部分多解性,从而使基于多极子声波资料的裂缝评价更加准确合理。

关键词: 声衰减, 斯通利波反射系数, 纵横波时差比, 各向异性, 多极子声波测井, 裂缝评价

Abstract:

Multi-pole acoustic logging is widely used in oilfields, especially for stratigraphic fracture assessment and analysis.The study briefly introduces the research status-quo of multi-pole acoustic logging in fracture identification both at home and abroad, and briefs on the currently new methods to evaluate fractures with multi-pole acoustic waveform data.Taking the field multi-pole acoustic waveform data of the drilling sector X in the Ordos Basin as a case study, we determine the fracture dip angle by compressional to shear slowness ratio, and the fracture dip angle and its validity by mode wave attenuation in boreholes.Furthermore, the Stoneley wave reflection coefficient is used to characterize the fracture locations.The intensity of fracture development is estimated by the shear wave slowness anisotropy and difference between the fast and slow shear wave spectrums.The fracture strike is assessed by the fast shear azimuth.In addition, the field electrical imaging log data are applied to compare and verify those fracture measurement methods.The advantages for and interference factors to these methods are also summarized.In all, an integration of multiple methods can certainly facilitate us to obtain more fracture parameters, avoiding some multi-solution problems of a single method, and thus enhancing the accuracy and reliability of fracture assessment based on multi-pole acoustic waveform data.

Key words: acoustic wave attenuation, Stoneley wave reflection coefficient, compressional to shear slowness ratio, anisotropy, multi-pole acoustic logging, fracture assessment

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