珠江口盆地西江主洼低角度边界正断层特征及成因演化

doi:10.11743/ogg20200316

Abstract

Abstract: The Xijiang Main Sag,located in the west-central Zhu-1 Depression,is one of the most important hydrocarbon-rich sags in the Pearl River Mouth Basin,China.To recognize the properties of the boundary fault (Fxj33) in the Xijiang Main Sag,we comprehensively analyze the geometry and kinematics of Fxj33,using high-resolution 3-D seismic data under the constraints of well data.The results show that the boundary fault Fxj33 of about 55 km long and up to 9.5 km displacement at most,is a NEE-trending low-angle normal fault with a dip of 5°-36°.During the evolution of multistage rifting,the fault Fxj33 is characterized by differential activities of different segments along the strike,and jointly controls the evolution of the sub-sags in the Xjiang Main Sag together with the two lines of EW-trending high-angle normal faults.Various structures developed in the Mesozoic basement,including imbricate structures,residual hills and pre-existing fault planes,indicate that the boundary fault Fxj33 was developed by the inversion of the pre-existing Mesozoic thrusting system in the Cenozoic,and subsequently reformed by the EW-trending high-angle fault planes cutting into it during the middle-to-late rifting stage.The research results are expected to be of referential meaning to the study of the boundary faults during rifting in passive margin faulted basins.

Key words: pre-existing structural system, multistage rifting, low-angle normal fault, Xijiang Main Sag, Pearl River Mouth Basin

CLC Number:

TE121.1

Deng Peng, Mei Lianfu, Du Jiayuan, Ye Qing, Xu Xinming, Wu Jing, Dong Xiaoyun. Characteristics and genetic development of a low-angle boundary normal fault in Xijiang Main Sag,Pearl River Mouth Basin,China[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2020, 41(3): 606-616.

References

[1] Anderson E M.The dynamics of faulting(2nd edition)[M].Edinburgh,UK:Oliver and Boyd,1951.
[2] Jackson J A,White N J.Normal faulting in the upper continental crust:Observations from regions of active extension[J].Journal of Structural Geology,1989,11(1-2):15-36.
[3] Morley C K.Extension,detachments and sedimentation in continental rifts (with particular reference to East Africa)[J].Tectonics,1989,8(6):1175-1192.
[4] Jackson J A,White N J,Garfunkel Z,et al.Relations between normal-fault geometry,tilting and vertical motions in extensional terranes:An example from the southern Gulf of Suez[J].Journal of Structural Geology,1988,10(2):155-170.
[5] Whipp P S,Jackson C A-L,Gawthorpe R L,et al.Normal fault array evolution above a reactivated rift fabric:A subsurface example from the northern Horda Platform,Norwegian North Sea[J].Basin Research,2013,26:1-27.
[6] Axen G J.Research focus:Significance of large-displacement,low-angle normal faults[J].Geology,2007,35(3):287-288.
[7] Wernicke B.Low-angle normal faults in the basin and range province:Nappe tectonics in an extending orogen[J].Nature,1981,291:645-648.
[8] Garcés M,Gee J S.Paleomagnetic evidence of large footwall rotations associated with low-angle faults at the Mid-Atlantic Ridge[J].Geology,2007,35(3):279-282.
[9] Tucholke B E,Lin J,Kleinrock M.Megamullions and mullion structure defining oceanic metamorphic core complexes on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,1998,103(B5):9857-9866.
[10] Morley C K.Geometry and evolution of low-angle normal faults (LANF) within a Cenozoic high-angle rift system,Thailand:Implications for sedimentology and the mechanisms of LANF development[J].Tectonics,2009,28:1-30.
[11] Morley C K.The widespread occurrence of low-angle normal faults in a rift setting:Review of examples from Thailand,and implications for their origin and evolution[J].Earth-Science Reviews,2014,133:18-42.
[12] Parsons T,Thompson G A.Does magmatism influence low-angle normal faulting?[J].Geology,1993,21(3):247-250.
[13] Lister G S,Davis G A.The origin of metamorphic core complexes and detachment faults formed during Tertiary continental extension in the northern Colorado River region,USA[J].Journal of Structural Geology,1989,11(1-2):65-94.
[14] Westaway R.The mechanical feasibility of low-angle normal faulting[J].Tectonophysics,1999,308:407-443.
[15] Collettini C,Sibson R H.Normal faults,normal friction?[J].Geology,2001,29(10):927-930.
[16] Numelin T,Marone C,Kirby E.Frictional properties of natural fault gouge from a low-angle normal fault,Panamint Valley,California[J].Tectonics,2007,26:1-14.
[17] Haines S H,van der Pluijm B A,Ikari M J,et al.Clay fabric intensity in natural and artificial fault gouges:Implications for brittle fault zone processes and sedimentary basin clay fabric evolution[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,2009,114:1-22.
[18] Haines S H,van der Pluijm B A.Patterns of mineral transformations in clay gouge,with examples from low-angle normal fault rocks in the western USA[J].Journal of Structural Geology,2012,43:2-32.
[19] Faulkner D R,Mitchell T M,Healy D,et al.Slip on ‘weak’ faults by the rotation of regional stress in the fracture damage zone[J].Nature,2006,444(7121):922-925.
[20] Healy D.Anisotropy,pore fluid pressure and low angle normal faults[J].Journal of Structural Geology,2009,31(6):561-574.
[21] Lecompte E,Le Pourhiet L,Lacombe O.Mechanical basis for slip along low-angle normal faults[J].Geophysical Research Letters,2012,39:1-6.
[22] Enfield M A,Coward M P.The structure of the west Orkney Basin,northern Scotland[J].Journal of the Geological Society,1987,144(6):871-884.
[23] Jarrige J J.Variation in extensional fault geometry related to heterogeneities within basement and sedimentary sequences[J].Tectonophysi-cs,1992,215(1-2):161-166.
[24] Withjack M O,Olsen P E,Schlische R W.Tectonic evolution of the Fundy rift basin,Canada:Evidence of extension and shortening during passive margin development[J].Tectonics,1995,14(2):390-405.
[25] Jolivet L,Lecomte E,Huet B,et al.The north cycladic detachment system[J].Earth and Planetary Science Letter,2010,289(1):87-104.
[26] Li J H,Zhang Y Q,Dong S W,et al.The Hengshan low-angle normal fault zone:Structural and geochronological constraints on the Late Mesozoic crustal extension in South China[J].Tectonophysics,2013,606:97-115.
[27] Sibson R H.A note on fault reactivation[J].Journal of Structural Geology,1985,7(6):751-754.
[28] Collettini C,De Paola N,Holdsworth R E.The development and behaviour of low-angle normal faults during Cenozoic asymmetric extension in the Northern Apennines,Italy[J].Journal of Structural Geology,2006,28(2):333-352.
[29] Clemenzi L,Storti F,Balsamo F,et al.Fluid pressure cycles,variations in permeability,and weakening mechanisms along low-angle normal faults:The Tellaro detachment,Italy[J].Geological Society of America Bulletin,2015,127(11-12):1689-1710.
[30] Collettini C,Viti C,Smith S,et al.Development of interconnected talc networks and weakening of continental low-angle normal faults[J].Geology,2009,37(6):567-570.
[31] Bolognesi F,Bistacchi A.Weakness and mechanical anisotropy of phyllosilicate-rich cataclasites developed after mylonites of a low-angle normal fault (Simplon Line,Western Alps)[J].Journal of Structural Geology,2016,83:1-12.
[32] Wang J H,Pang X,Liu B,et al.The Baiyun and Liwan Sags:Two supradetachment basins on the passive continental margin of the northern South China Sea[J].Marine and Petroleum Geology,2018,95:206-218.
[33] Zhao Y H,Ren J Y,Pang X,et al.Structural style,formation of low angle normal fault and its controls on the evolution of Baiyun Rift,northern margin of the South China Sea[J].Marine and Petroleum Geology,2018,89:687-700.
[34] Ye Q,Mei L,Shi H,et al.A low-angle normal fault and basement structures within the Enping Sag,Pearl River Mouth Basin:Insights into late Mesozoic to early Cenozoic tectonic evolution of the South China Sea area[J].Tectonophysics,2018,731-732:1-16.
[35] 何勇,梅廉夫,施和生,等.低角度断陷盆地成因模式及结构特征——以珠江口盆地恩平低角度断陷为例[J].海相油气地质,2018,23(3):73-81. He Yong,Mei Lianfu,Shi Hesheng,et al.Structural characteristics and genetic model of the low-angle fault depression:A case in Enping Depression of Pearl River Mouth Basin[J].Marine Origin Petroleum Geology,2018,23(3):73-81.
[36] Huang C J,Zhou D,Sun Z,et al.Deep crustal structure of Baiyun Sag,northern South China Sea revealed from deep seismic reflection profile[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,2005,50(11):1131-1138.
[37] Briais A,Patriat P,Tapponnier P.Updated interpretation of magnetic anomalies and seafloor spreading stages in the South China Sea:Implications for the Tertiary tectonics of Southeast Asia[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,1993,98(B4),6299-6328.
[38] Barckhausen U,Engels M,Franke D et al.Evolution of the South China Sea:Revised ages for breakup and seafloor spreading[J].Marine and Petroleum Geology,2014,58:599-611.
[39] Li C F,Xu X,Lin J,et al.Ages and magnetic structures of the South China Sea constrained by the deep tow magnetic surveys and IODP Expedition 349[J].Geochemistry,Geophysics,Geosystems,2014,15(12):4958-4983.
[40] 宫越,林畅松,何敏,等.中国南海北部珠江口盆地早渐新世末破裂不整合特征及其地质意义[J].石油与天然气地质,2019,40(4):851-863. Gong Yue,Lin Changsong,He Min,et al.Characteristics and geological significance of unconformities at the late Early Oligocene in the Pearl River Mouth Basin,northern South China Sea[J].Oil & Gas Geology,2019,40(4):851-863.
[41] 赵中贤,孙珍,谢辉,等.白云深水区新生代沉降及岩石圈伸展变形[J].地球物理学报,2011,54(12):3336-3343. Zhao Zhongxian,Sun Zhen,Xie Hui,et al.Baiyun deepwater Cenozoic subsidence and lithospheric stretching deformation[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2011,54(12):3336-3343.
[42] 廖杰,周蒂,赵中贤,等.珠江口盆地白云凹陷裂后异常沉降的数值模拟[J].中国科学:地球科学,2011,41(4):504-517. Liao Jie,Zhou Di,Zhao Zhongxian,et al.Numerical modeling of the anomalous post-rift subsidence in the Baiyun Sag,Pearl River Mouth Basin[J].Scientia Sinica(Terrae),2011,41(4):504-517.
[43] Xie H,Zhou D,Li Y,et al.Cenozoic tectonic subsidence in deepwater sags in the Pearl River Mouth Basin,northern South China Sea[J].Tectonophysics,2014,615-616:182-198.
[44] 庞雄,陈长民,邵磊,等.白云运动:南海北部渐新统-中新统重大地质事件及其意义[J].地质评论,2007,53(2):145-150. Pang Xiong,Chen Changmin,Shao Lei,et al.Baiyun movement,a great tectonic event on the Oligocene-Miocene boundary in the northern South China Sea and its implications[J].Geological Review,2007,53(2):145-150.
[45] Franke D.Rifting,lithosphere breakup and volcanism:Comparison of magma-poor and volcanic rifted margins[J].Marine and Petroleum Geology,2013,43:63-87.
[46] Deng P,Mei L F,Liu J,et al.Episodic normal faulting and magmatism during the syn-spreading stage of the Baiyun sag in Pearl River Mouth Basin:Response to the multi-phase seafloor spreading of the South China Sea[J].Marine Geophysical Research,2019,40(1):33-50.
[47] 赵淑娟,吴时国,施和生,等.南海北部东沙运动的构造特征及动力学机制探讨[J].地球物理学进展,2012,27(3):1008-1019. Zhao Shujuan,Wu Shiguo,Shi Hesheng,et al.Structures and dynamic mechanism related to the Dongsha movement at the northern margin of South China Sea[J].Progress in Geophysics,2012,27(3):1008-1019.
[48] 汪旭东,张向涛,何敏,等.珠江口盆地陆丰凹陷南部文昌组储层发育特征及其控制因素[J].石油与天然气地质,2017,38(6):1147-1155. Wang Xudong,Zhang Xiangtao,He Min,et al.Characteristics and controlling factors of reservoir development in the Wenchang Formation,Southern Lufeng Sag,Pearl River Mouth Basin[J].Oil & Gas Geology,2017,38(6):1147-1155.
[49] 刘志峰,吴克强,柯岭,等.珠江口盆地珠一坳陷北部洼陷带油气成藏主控因素[J].石油与天然气地质,2017,38(3):561-569. Liu Zhifeng,Wu Keqiang,Ke Ling,et al.Main factors controlling hydrocarbon accumulation in northern subsag belt of the Zhu-1 Depression,Pearl River Mouth Basin[J].Oil & Gas Geology,2017,38(3):561-569.
[50] Cowie P A,Scholz C H.Displacement-length scaling relationship for faults:Data synthesis and discussion[J].Journal of Structural Geology,1992,14(10):1149-1156.
[51] Dawers N H,Anders M H,Scholz C H.Growth of normal faults:Displacement length scaling[J].Geology,1993,21(12):1107-1110.
[52] Kim Y S,Sanderson D J.The relationship between displacement and length of faults:A review[J].Earth-Science Reviews, 2005,68(3):317-334.
[53] Wong M S,Gans P B.Geologic,structural and thermochronologic constraints on the tectonic evolution of the Sierra Mazatan core complex,Sonora,Mexico:New insights into metamorphic core complex formation[J].Tectonics,2008,27(4):1-31.
[54] Whitney D L,Teyssier C,Rey P,et al.Continental and oceanic core complexes[J].Geological Society of America Bulletin,2013,125(3-4):273-298.
[55] Collettini C.The mechanical paradox of low-angle normal faults:Current understanding and open questions[J].Tectonophysics,2011,510(3-4):253-268.
[56] 邵磊,尤洪庆,郝沪军,等.南海东北部中生界岩石学特征及沉积环境[J].地质论评,2007,53(2):164-169. Shao Lei,You Hongqing,Hao Hujun,et al.Petrology and depositional environments of Mesozoic strata in the northeastern South China Sea[J].Geological Review,2007,53(2):164-169.
[57] 陈汉宗,吴湘杰,周蒂,等.珠江口盆地中新生代主要断裂特征和动力背景分析[J].热带海洋学报,2005,24(2):52-61. Chen Hanzong,Wu Xiangjie,Zhou Di,et al.Meso-Cenozoic faults in Zhujiang River Mouth basin and their geodynamic background[J].Journal of Tropical Oceanography,2005,24(2):52-61.
[58] 孙晓猛,张旭庆,张功成,等.南海北部新生代盆地基底结构及构造属性[J].中国科学:地球科学,2014,44(6):1312-1323. Sun X M,Zhang X Q,Zhang G C,et al.2014.Texture and tectonic attribute of Cenozoic basin basement in the northern South China Sea[J].Science China:Earth Sciences,2014,44(6):1312-1323.
[59] 周蒂,王万银,庞雄,等.地球物理资料所揭示的南海东北部中生代俯冲增生带[J].中国科学(D辑:地球科学),2006,36(3):209-218. Zhou D,Wang W Y,Pang X,et al,Subducted accretionary zone revealed by the geophysical data in the northeastern South China Sea[J].Science in China(Series D:Earth Sciences),2006:36(3):209-218.
[60] Zhou D,Yao B C.Tectonics and sedimentary basins of the South China Sea:Challenges and progresses[J].Journal Earth Science,2009,20(1):1-12.
[61] Ren J Y,Tamaki K,Li S T,et al.Late Mesozoic and Cenozoic rifting and its dynamic setting in Eastern China and adjacent areas[J].Tectonophysics,2002,344(3):175-205.
[62] 李武显,周新民.中国东南部晚中生代俯冲带探索[J].高校地质学报,1999,5(2):164-169. Li Wuxian,Zhou Xinmin.Late Mesozoic subduction zone of southeastern China[J].Geological Journal of China Universities,1999,5(2):164-169.
[63] 索艳慧,李三忠,戴黎明,等.东亚及其大陆边缘新生代构造迁移与盆地演化[J].岩石学报,2012,28(8):2602-2618. Suo Yanhui,Li Sanzhong,Dai Liming,et al.Cenozoic tectonic migration and basin evolution in East Asia and its continental margins[J]. Acta Petrologica Sinica,2012,28(8):2602-2618.
[64] 李三忠,余珊,赵淑娟,等.东亚大陆边缘的板块重建与构造转换[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,2013,33(3):65-94. Li Sanzhong,Yu Shan,Zhao Shujuan,et al.Tectonic transition and plate reconstructions of the East Asian continental margin[J].Marine Geology and Quaternary Geology,2013,33(3):65-94.
[65] 王家豪,刘丽华,陈胜红,等.珠江口盆地恩平凹陷珠琼运动二幕的构造-沉积响应及区域构造意义[J].石油学报,2011,32(4):588-595. Wang Jiahao,Liu Lihua,Chen Shenghong,et al.Tectonic-sedimentary responses to the second episode of the Zhu-Qiong movement in the Enping Depression,Pearl River Mouth Basin and its regional tectonic significance[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2011,32(4):588-595.
[66] 漆家福,吴景富,马兵山,等.南海北部珠江口盆地中段伸展构造模型及其动力学[J].地学前缘,2019,26(2):203-221. Qi Jiafu,Wu Jingfu,Ma Bingshan,et al.The structural model and dynamics concerning middle section,Pearl River Mouth Basin in north margin of South China Sea[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2019,26(2):203-221.
[67] 任建业,庞雄,雷超,等.被动陆缘洋陆转换带和岩石圈伸展破裂过程分析及其对南海陆缘深水盆地研究的启示[J].地学前缘,2015,22(1):102-114. Ren Jianye,Pang Xiong,Lei Chao,et al.Ocean and continent transition in passive continental margins and analysis of lithospheric extension and breakup process:Implication for research of the deepwater basins in the continental margins of South China Sea[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2015,22(1):102-114.

Characteristics and genetic development of a low-angle boundary normal fault in Xijiang Main Sag,Pearl River Mouth Basin,China

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

Knowledge

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

References

Related Articles 15

Recommended Articles

Metrics

[1]	Gong Yue, Lin Changsong, He Min, Zhang Zhongtao, Zhang Bo, Shu Liangfeng, Feng Xuan, Hong Fanghao. Characteristics and geological significance of unconformities at the late Early Oligocene in the Pearl River Mouth Basin, northern South China Sea [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2019, 40(4): 851-863.
[2]	Jiang Jing, Zhang Zhongtao, Li Hao, Luo Yi, Tian Hongxun, Liu Hanyao. Late Miocene to Quaternary sequence architecture and unidirectionally-migrating channels in the northeastern continental slope, Pearl River Mouth Basin [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2019, 40(4): 864-874.
[3]	Zhang Manli, Lin Changsong, He Min, Zhang Zhongtao, Li Hao. Sequence architecture and evolution of shelf-margin deltaic systems of the Late Oligocene in Pearl River Mouth Basin [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2019, 40(4): 875-885.
[4]	Yang Lu, Wang Yingmin, He Min, Chen Weitao, Xu Shaohua, Zhuo Haiteng, Wang Xingxing, Li Wenjing. Differential deposition and controlling factors of deep-water fan around 13.8 Ma in the Baiyun Sag,Pearl River Mouth Basin [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2018, 39(4): 791-800.
[5]	Xu Shaohua, He Min, Pang Xiong, Chen Weitao, Wang Yingmin, Zhuo Haiteng, Qin Chunyu. Lateral variation of sequence stratigraphic architecture on passive continental margin and its enlightenment: A case from the Middle Miocene in Pearl River Mouth Basin in 13.8 Ma [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2018, 39(4): 811-822.
[6]	Jiao Peng, Guo Jianhua, Wang Xikai, Liu Chensheng, Guo Xiangwei. Detrital zircon genesis and provenance tracing for reservoirs in the Lower Zhujiang Formation in Hanjiang-Lufeng Sag,Pearl River Mouth Basin [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2018, 39(2): 239-253.
[7]	Zhao Zhao, Tang Liangjie, Zhao Zhigang, Yang Haizhang, Yang Dongsheng, Huang Xuan. High-precision coherence technique in fault system analysis in ultra-deepwater area of the ZhuⅡDepression, northern South China Sea [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2018, 39(1): 165-174.
[8]	Wang Xudong, Zhang Xiangtao, He Min, Zhang Sufang, YuYixin, Wuchen Bingjie. Characteristics and controlling factors of reservoir development in the Wenchang Formation,Southern Lufeng Sag,Pearl River Mouth Basin [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2017, 38(6): 1147-1155.
[9]	Wan Qionghua, Liu Weixin, Luowei, Wang Xiuling, Chen Chen, Heng Liqun, Cao Pei. Reservoir quality differences and major factors controlling low-permeability reservoirs of Oilfield A in the Lufeng Sag,Pearl River Mouth Basin [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2017, 38(3): 551-560.
[10]	Liu Zhifeng, Wu Keqiang, Ke Ling, Wang Shenglan, Yu Kaiping, Zhu Wenqi. Main factors controlling hydrocarbon accumulation in northern subsag belt of the Zhu-1 Depression，Pearl River Mouth Basin [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2017, 38(3): 561-569.
[11]	Jiang Ning, He Min, Liu Jun, Xue Huaiyan, Zheng Jinyun, Zhang Qinglin. Genetic mechanism and hydrocarbon accumulation of polygonal fault system in Jinghai Sag of the Pearl River Mouth Basin [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2017, 38(2): 363-370.
[12]	Hu Yang, Wu Zhiping, Zhong Zhihong, Zhang Jiangtao, Yu Weigao, Wang Guangzeng, Liu Yiming, Wang Shouye. Characterization and genesis of the Middle and Late Eocene tectonic changes in Zhu 1 Depression of Pearl River Mouth Basin [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2016, 37(5): 779-785.
[13]	Yi Xuefei, Zhang Changmin, Li Shaohua, Du Jiayuan, Luo Ming, Li Xiangyang. Comparison between shelf-margin delta of 21 Ma and 13.8 Ma in Pearl River Mouth Basin [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2014, 35(5): 670-678.
[14]	Ding Lin, Zhang Changmin, Du Jiayuan, Shi Hesheng, Luo Ming, Wang Xiangshu, Jia Peimeng. Depositional evolution and genesis of K set of shelf sand ridges in the Zhujiang Formation of Huizhou sag,Pear River Mouth Basin [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2014, 35(3): 379-385.
[15]	Zhang Xiangtao, Wang Xudong, Zhang Sufang, She Qinghua, Ai Jianfeng, Lei Chao. Quantitative description of intra-platform thin carbonate reservoirs of reef-bank facies and their controlling factors：a case from the A Region of Pearl River Mouth Basin [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2014, 35(3): 417-424.