伊拉克南部白垩系Mishrif组碳酸盐缓坡潮道沉积特征

doi:10.11743/ogg20200611

Abstract

Abstract:

The Cretaceous Mishrif Formation is a major carbonate pay zone in southern Iraq and characterized by typical carbonate ramp deposition, in which high-energy deposits of shoal facies serve to develop the best reservoirs.Further analysis of data from oilfields in southern Iraq reveals high-quality reservoirs in tidal channels of the Mishrif Formation that were previously mistaken for shoal facies.An integrated analysis of cores, casting thin sections, log and seismic data confirms that these reservoirs are indeed of tidal channel facies in lagoon environment.The tidal channel facies is widely distributed as a representative sedimentary subfacies in the area.The sediments of the facies contain grains of good sorting and rounding, and well-developed beddings with grain size showing upward positive rhythmic or homogeneous characteristics, corresponding to "bell-" or "box-shaped" log and seismic responses of weak peak interlayer.On a map view, the facies shows a banded N-SW-trending distribution characterized by an overall shifting from northeast to southwest.This study reveals that large-scale deposits of tidal channel facies are also developed in carbonate strata, a new founding that may serve as an important supplement to the sedimentary model of carbonate ramps.The understanding of carbonate ramps of tidal channel facies also sheds light on reservoir prediction and thereby lays a geological foundation for the design and adjustment of development schemes.

Key words: tidal channel facies, carbonate ramp, Mishrif Formation, sedimentary model, Cretaceous, Iraq

CLC Number:

TE121.3

Xianyu Mao, Benbiao Song, Rubing Han, Changbing Tian, Baozhu Li, Haiqiang Song. Depositional characteristics of tidal channel facies in carbonate ramp of the Cretaceous Mishrif Formation in southern Iraq[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2020, 41(6): 1233-1243, 1256.

Figures/Tables 11

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研究者	报道年份	研究区	划分方案	方案优势	依据沉积模式
Alsharhan A S	1988，1993	阿拉伯湾南部	沉积坡度非常低,有着近似缓坡的台地边缘，划分为台地边缘斜坡、厚壳蛤礁及礁缘、礁后(包含潟湖和浅礁)	强调了厚壳蛤滩沉积、成岩优势	Wilson(1975) 沉积模式
Aqrawi A A M	1998，2010	伊拉克中、南部	缓坡背景下划分为浅海内陆架、深海外陆架，内陆架分为厚壳蛤礁前斜坡、厚壳蛤礁、浅滩、潟湖、潮下或潮间带	确定了缓坡沉积背景
Mahdi T A	2013，2014	伊拉克南部	根据晴天浪基面与最大风暴面由深向浅划分为深海、浅水开阔海、厚壳蛤生物层、浅滩、后滩、潟湖、潮坪相	应用晴天浪基面、最大风暴面概念，且用浅水开阔海取代斜坡定义，更加凸显缓坡沉积背景与相关特征
王君刘航宇	2016 2019	伊拉克HF油田伊拉克WQ油田	划分为斜坡、台缘边缘、开阔台地、局限台地等，并认为开阔台地或局限台地内的优质储层主要是台内滩沉积	有利于解释静水或局限环境内相变较快的高能沉积体特征
伏美燕	2016	伊拉克HF油田	通过岩相识别划分出厚壳蛤滩、潮下浅滩、深水潮下以及潮汐砂坝等微相	引入潮汐概念对磨圆较好、交错层理等沉积特征进行解释	Flügel(2004) 修正沉积模式
Buchem F S P V	2002	阿曼北部	依据晴天浪基面与风暴浪基面划分为内盆地、外缓坡、中缓坡以及内缓坡亚相	证实了台地内发育下切谷与潮汐相关沉积	Burchette(1992) 沉积模式

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Depositional characteristics of tidal channel facies in carbonate ramp of the Cretaceous Mishrif Formation in southern Iraq

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