川中地区侏罗系自流井组大安寨段黑色页岩孔隙微观特征及主控因素

doi:10.11743/ogg20220509

Abstract

Abstract:

The reservoir space characteristics and controlling factors of shale oil reservoirs in the Da’anzhai Member of the Jurassic Ziliujing Formation， central Sichuan Basin， are analyzed based on the pore types， porosity and oil content data gathered from thin sections， SEM images， microfluorescence responses， porosity and permeability tests， N₂ adsorption behaviour，and organic carbon measurements as well as Rock-Eval pyrolysis on samples from the member. The results show that：① The reservoir space consists of microfractures and pores. The microfractures are mainly lamellation fractures and shell calcite cleavage fractures， while the pores are mainly clay pores followed by shell calcite and authigenic quartz intercrystalline pores together with a small number of organic pores and pyrite intergranular pores. ② A negative correlation between pore size and pore volume is observed in the shale oil reservoirs in the member. The shale is high in porosity （averaged at 5.69 %） and dominated by clay pores that are small in size and tend to form horizontal pore-fracture system with laminated fractures； the intercalated shell limestone is low in porosity （averaged at 3.27 %） though it contains more shell calcite and authigenic quartz intercrystalline pores with large pore size that are likely to form pore-fracture networks with cleavage fractures. ③ The micro occurrence of oil in the reservoirs is highly heterogenous. The organic rich shale intervals have high oil content （S₁ and OSI） but with oil widely dispersed in micro clay pores， they give out weak fluorescence and have low mobility. While the larger shell calcite / quartz intergranular pores， shell calcite cleavage and lamination fractures are hosting more oil and give out strong fluorescence. ④ Micro-fractures are essential to the accumulation of hydrocarbon. Hydrocarbons expelled from kerogen would preferentially migrate into lamellation fractures and accumulate in shell calcite / quartz intergranular pores around the lamellation fractures， resulting in low oil content in shell calcite pores that are far away from the lamination fractures. On that account， we suggest an emphasis on pore size and fracture development for assessing the quality of shale oil intervals in the Da’anzhai Member.

Key words: microfracture, pore characteristics, pore-fracture system, shale oil, Da’anzhai Member, Jurassic, Sichuan Basin

CLC Number:

TE122.2

Haihua Zhu, Lin Chen, Zhenglin Cao, Minglei Wang, Haitao Hong, Yucong Li, Rui Zhang, Shaomin Zhang, Guangyi Zhu, Xu Zeng, Wei Yang. Microscopic pore characteristics and controlling factors of black shale in the Da’anzhai Member of Jurassic Ziliujing Formation， central Sichuan Basin[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2022, 43(5): 1115-1126.

Figures/Tables 12

Fig.1

Fig.2

Table 1

Reservoir space classification of the Da'anzhai shale oil reservoirs， central Sichuan Basin"

类	亚类	产状与形态	成因机理	赋存岩类	尺寸	发育频率
裂缝	页理缝	近水平连续状	层状矿物水平排列	页岩、介壳质页岩、泥质介壳灰岩均可出现	缝宽小于1 μm，长度为厘米- 米级	中
	介壳壳缘缝	沿介壳边缘分布，形态受壳体形态控制	介壳边缘与基质接触面错动	含介壳的相关岩类，如介壳灰岩、介壳质泥页岩、含介壳泥岩	缝宽多小于1 μm，长度从微米到毫米级均有，视介壳大小而定	高
	介壳解理缝	受方解石解理控制，边界平直规则	方解石解理受力破裂	含介壳相关岩类，且介壳重结晶	缝宽以小于1 μm为主，从纳米级到微米级均有	高
	解理溶蚀扩大缝	走向受原生解理控制，边界不规则	不同成因微裂缝溶蚀	解理缝、破碎微裂缝溶蚀形成，发育岩类与部位与其相似	缝宽以1～10 μm为主，长度以微米级为主	中
	碎屑粒缘缝	碎屑颗粒边缘孔隙，多弯曲片状	碎屑颗粒与基质接触面错动	含粉砂页岩、粉砂质页岩	缝宽以小于1 μm为主，长度从纳米级到微米级均有	高
	水平缝	近水平连续状	早期水平缝被方解石完全充填	页岩、介壳质页岩、泥质介壳灰岩	缝宽大，1 mm到数厘米，长度为厘米-分米级	高
	压溶缝	不规则状	方解石压溶作用	介壳灰岩	缝不规则，缝宽0.1～2.0 mm	高
无机孔隙	介壳方解石晶间孔	重结晶介壳，分散呈带状，边缘平直多边形	介壳玻纤状方解石重结晶形成	含介壳的相关岩类且介壳重结晶	0.05～20.00 μm	中
	介壳方解石晶间溶孔	孤立状孔隙，边缘较圆滑，与介壳方解石晶间孔共生	介壳玻纤状方解石重结晶过程中局部溶蚀	含介壳的相关岩类且介壳重结晶	0.02～5.00 μm	中
	自生方解石晶间孔	连通好，边界平直	介壳间自生方解石晶体沉淀过程中形成	泥晶方解石构成晶间孔	小于600 nm	低
	自生石英晶间孔	自生石英晶体间孔隙，多边形状	自生石英交代介壳过程中形成	含介壳的相关岩类且介壳被硅质交代	0.05～20.00 μm	中
	粘土晶间孔	粘土矿物之间，呈片状或不规则状，长宽比大	片状粘土矿物晶间孔隙压实残余	泥页岩类型均可见	5～550 nm	高
	黄铁矿晶间孔	自生黄铁矿结核晶体间	自生黄铁矿沉淀过程中形成	介壳质泥页岩、含介壳泥岩	0.05～5.00 μm	中
有机孔隙	沥青质有机孔	无定形沥青质体中孔隙，呈不规则或圆形	轻烃逸散之后形成	富有机质页岩	5～300 nm	低

Table 1

Fig.3

Fig.4

Fig.5

Fig.6

Fig.7

Fig.8

Fig.9

Fig.10

Fig.11

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Microscopic pore characteristics and controlling factors of black shale in the Da’anzhai Member of Jurassic Ziliujing Formation， central Sichuan Basin

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