川中地区侏罗系自流井组大安寨段黑色页岩孔隙微观特征及主控因素

doi:10.11743/ogg20220509

Abstract

Abstract:

The reservoir space characteristics and controlling factors of shale oil reservoirs in the Da’anzhai Member of the Jurassic Ziliujing Formation， central Sichuan Basin， are analyzed based on the pore types， porosity and oil content data gathered from thin sections， SEM images， microfluorescence responses， porosity and permeability tests， N₂ adsorption behaviour，and organic carbon measurements as well as Rock-Eval pyrolysis on samples from the member. The results show that：① The reservoir space consists of microfractures and pores. The microfractures are mainly lamellation fractures and shell calcite cleavage fractures， while the pores are mainly clay pores followed by shell calcite and authigenic quartz intercrystalline pores together with a small number of organic pores and pyrite intergranular pores. ② A negative correlation between pore size and pore volume is observed in the shale oil reservoirs in the member. The shale is high in porosity （averaged at 5.69 %） and dominated by clay pores that are small in size and tend to form horizontal pore-fracture system with laminated fractures； the intercalated shell limestone is low in porosity （averaged at 3.27 %） though it contains more shell calcite and authigenic quartz intercrystalline pores with large pore size that are likely to form pore-fracture networks with cleavage fractures. ③ The micro occurrence of oil in the reservoirs is highly heterogenous. The organic rich shale intervals have high oil content （S₁ and OSI） but with oil widely dispersed in micro clay pores， they give out weak fluorescence and have low mobility. While the larger shell calcite / quartz intergranular pores， shell calcite cleavage and lamination fractures are hosting more oil and give out strong fluorescence. ④ Micro-fractures are essential to the accumulation of hydrocarbon. Hydrocarbons expelled from kerogen would preferentially migrate into lamellation fractures and accumulate in shell calcite / quartz intergranular pores around the lamellation fractures， resulting in low oil content in shell calcite pores that are far away from the lamination fractures. On that account， we suggest an emphasis on pore size and fracture development for assessing the quality of shale oil intervals in the Da’anzhai Member.

Key words: microfracture, pore characteristics, pore-fracture system, shale oil, Da’anzhai Member, Jurassic, Sichuan Basin

CLC Number:

TE122.2

Haihua Zhu, Lin Chen, Zhenglin Cao, Minglei Wang, Haitao Hong, Yucong Li, Rui Zhang, Shaomin Zhang, Guangyi Zhu, Xu Zeng, Wei Yang. Microscopic pore characteristics and controlling factors of black shale in the Da’anzhai Member of Jurassic Ziliujing Formation， central Sichuan Basin[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2022, 43(5): 1115-1126.

Figures/Tables 12

Fig.1

Fig.2

Table 1

Reservoir space classification of the Da'anzhai shale oil reservoirs， central Sichuan Basin"

类	亚类	产状与形态	成因机理	赋存岩类	尺寸	发育频率
裂缝	页理缝	近水平连续状	层状矿物水平排列	页岩、介壳质页岩、泥质介壳灰岩均可出现	缝宽小于1 μm，长度为厘米- 米级	中
	介壳壳缘缝	沿介壳边缘分布，形态受壳体形态控制	介壳边缘与基质接触面错动	含介壳的相关岩类，如介壳灰岩、介壳质泥页岩、含介壳泥岩	缝宽多小于1 μm，长度从微米到毫米级均有，视介壳大小而定	高
	介壳解理缝	受方解石解理控制，边界平直规则	方解石解理受力破裂	含介壳相关岩类，且介壳重结晶	缝宽以小于1 μm为主，从纳米级到微米级均有	高
	解理溶蚀扩大缝	走向受原生解理控制，边界不规则	不同成因微裂缝溶蚀	解理缝、破碎微裂缝溶蚀形成，发育岩类与部位与其相似	缝宽以1～10 μm为主，长度以微米级为主	中
	碎屑粒缘缝	碎屑颗粒边缘孔隙，多弯曲片状	碎屑颗粒与基质接触面错动	含粉砂页岩、粉砂质页岩	缝宽以小于1 μm为主，长度从纳米级到微米级均有	高
	水平缝	近水平连续状	早期水平缝被方解石完全充填	页岩、介壳质页岩、泥质介壳灰岩	缝宽大，1 mm到数厘米，长度为厘米-分米级	高
	压溶缝	不规则状	方解石压溶作用	介壳灰岩	缝不规则，缝宽0.1～2.0 mm	高
无机孔隙	介壳方解石晶间孔	重结晶介壳，分散呈带状，边缘平直多边形	介壳玻纤状方解石重结晶形成	含介壳的相关岩类且介壳重结晶	0.05～20.00 μm	中
	介壳方解石晶间溶孔	孤立状孔隙，边缘较圆滑，与介壳方解石晶间孔共生	介壳玻纤状方解石重结晶过程中局部溶蚀	含介壳的相关岩类且介壳重结晶	0.02～5.00 μm	中
	自生方解石晶间孔	连通好，边界平直	介壳间自生方解石晶体沉淀过程中形成	泥晶方解石构成晶间孔	小于600 nm	低
	自生石英晶间孔	自生石英晶体间孔隙，多边形状	自生石英交代介壳过程中形成	含介壳的相关岩类且介壳被硅质交代	0.05～20.00 μm	中
	粘土晶间孔	粘土矿物之间，呈片状或不规则状，长宽比大	片状粘土矿物晶间孔隙压实残余	泥页岩类型均可见	5～550 nm	高
	黄铁矿晶间孔	自生黄铁矿结核晶体间	自生黄铁矿沉淀过程中形成	介壳质泥页岩、含介壳泥岩	0.05～5.00 μm	中
有机孔隙	沥青质有机孔	无定形沥青质体中孔隙，呈不规则或圆形	轻烃逸散之后形成	富有机质页岩	5～300 nm	低

Table 1

Fig.3

Fig.4

Fig.5

Fig.6

Fig.7

Fig.8

Fig.9

Fig.10

Fig.11

References 33

1	姜在兴，张文昭，梁超，等.页岩油储层基本特征及评价要素［J］.石油学报，2014，35（1）：184-196.
	Jiang Zaixing， Zhang Wenzhao， Liang Chao， et al. Characteristics and evaluation elements of shale oil reservoir［J］.Acta Petrolei Sinica，2014，35（1）：184-196.
2	赵文智，胡素云，侯连华，等.中国陆相页岩油类型、资源潜力及与致密油的边界［J］.石油勘探与开发，2020，47（1）：1-10.
	Zhao Wenzhi， Hu Suyun， Hou Lianhua，et al.Types and resource potential of continental shale oil in China and its boundary with tight oil［J］.Petroleum Exploration and Development，2020，47（1）：1-10.
3	邹才能，朱如凯，白斌，等.致密油与页岩油内涵，特征，潜力及挑战［J］.矿物岩石地球化学通报，2015，34（1）：3-17.
	Zou Caineng， Zhu Rukai， Bai Bin，et al. Significance， geologic characteristics， resource potential and future challenges of tight oil and shale oil［J］.Bulletin of Mineralogy， Petrology and Geochemistry，2015，34（1）：3-17.
4	周尚文，薛华庆，郭伟.川中侏罗系致密油储层可动流体实验［J］.辽宁工程技术大学学报：自然科学版，2014，33（6）：768-772.
	Zhou Shangwen， Xue Huaqing， Guo Wei. Experimental of movable fluid of tight oil reservoir in Jurassic tight oil reservoirs in central Sichuan Basin［J］.Journal of Liaoning Technical University（Natural Science），2014，33（6）：768-772.
5	贾承造，邹才能，李建忠，等.中国致密油评价标准、主要类型、基本特征及资源前景［J］.石油学报，2012，33（3）：343-350.
	Jia Chengzao， Zou Caineng， Li Jianzhong， et al. Assessment criteria， main types， basic features and resource prospects of the tight oil in China［J］. Acta Petrolei Sinica， 2012，33（3）：343-350.
6	王剑，周路，靳军，等.准噶尔盆地吉木萨尔凹陷芦草沟组页岩油储层孔隙结构，烃类赋存及其与可动性关系［J］.石油实验地质，2021， 43（6）：941-948.
	Wang Jian， Zhou Lu， Jin Jun，et al. Pore structure，hydrocarbon occurrence and their relationship with shale oil production in Lucaogou Formation of Jimsar Sag，Junggar Basin［J］.Petroleum Geology & Experiment，2021， 43（6）：941-948.
7	孙兵华，张廷山．鄂尔多斯盆地张家湾地区长７页岩油气储集特征及其影响因素［J］.天然气地球科学，2019， 30（2）： 274-284.
	Sun Binghua， Zhang Tingshan. Reservoir characteristics and its influence of Chang 7 lacustrine shale， Zhang jia wan area，ordos Basin［J ］. Natural Gas Geoscience，2019，30（2）：274-284.
8	霍秋立，曾花森，付丽，等.松辽盆地北部青一段泥页岩储集特征及孔隙演化［J］.大庆石油地质与开发，2019，38（1）：1-8.
	Huo Qiuli， Zeng Huasen， Fu Li，et al. Accumulating characteristics and pore evolution for Member Qing‑1 mud shale in North Songliao Basin［J］.Petroleum Geology and Oilfield Development in Daqing，2019，38（1）： 1-8.
9	杨智，唐振兴，李国会，等.陆相页岩层系石油富集区带优选，甜点区段评价与关键技术应用［J］.地质学报，2021，95（8）：2257-2271.
	Yang Zhi， Tang Zhenxing， Li Guohui，et al. Optimization of enrichmentplays，evaluation of sweet area & section and application of key technologies for the continental shale strata oil in China［J］.Acta Geologica Sinica，2021，95（8）：2257-2271.
10	杨跃明，黄东，杨光，等.四川盆地侏罗系大安寨段湖相页岩油气形成地质条件及勘探方向［J］.天然气勘探与开发，2019，42（2）：1-12.
	Yang Yueming， Huang Dong， Yang Guang，et al. Geological conditions to form lacustrine facies shale oil and gas of Jurassic Daanzhai Member in Sichuan Basin and exploration directions［J］.Natural Gas Exploration and Development，2019，42（2）：1-12.
11	蒋裕强，漆麟，邓海波，等.四川盆地侏罗系油气成藏条件及勘探潜力［J］.天然气工业，2010，3（3）：22-26.
	Jiang Yuqiang， Qi lin， Deng Haibo，et al. Hydrocarbon accumulation conditions and exploration potentials of the Jurassic reservoirs in the Sichuan Basin［J］.Natural Gas Industry，2010，3（3）：22-26.
12	杜敏，陈盛吉，万茂霞，等.四川盆地侏罗系源岩分布及地化特征研究［J］.天然气勘探与开发，2005，28（2）：15-17.
	Du Min， Chen Shengji， Wan Maoxia，et al. Study on distribution and geo‑chemical features of jurassic source rocks in Sichuan Basin［J］.Natural Gas Exploration and Development，2005，28（2）：15-17.
13	李军，王世谦.四川盆地平昌-阆中地区侏罗系油气成藏主控因素与勘探对策［J］.天然气工业，2010，30（3）：16-21.
	Li Jun， Wang Shiqian. The main factors controlling hydrocarbon accumulation in the Jurassic of Pingchang‑Langzhong area in the Sichuan Basin and its exploration strategies［J］. Natural Gas Industry，2010，30（3）：16-21.
14	王世谦，胡素云，董大忠.川东侏罗系—四川盆地亟待重视的一个致密油气新领域［J］.天然气工业，2012，32（12）：22-29.
	Wang Shiqian， Hu Suyun， Dong Dazhong. Jurassic tight oil & gas resources in East Sichuan Basin： A new exploration target［J］. Tianranqi Gongye， 2012，32（12）：22-29.
15	柳妮，林良彪，陈洪德，等.四川盆地川西北地区侏罗系自流井组大安寨段页岩气聚集条件［J］.中国地质，2014，41（5）：1664-1672.
	Liu Ni， Lin Liangbiao， Chen Hongde，et al. Shale gas accumulation conditions in Daanzhai Member of lower Jurassic Ziliujing Foramtion in the northwest of Sichuan Basin［J］.Geology in China，2014，41（5）：1664-1672.
16	冯荣昌，吴因业，陶士振，等.四川盆地下侏罗统大安寨段沉积微相特征及对储层的控制［J］.石油实验地质， 2015，37（3）：320-327.
	Feng Rongchang， Wu Yinye， Tao Shizhen，et al. Sedimentary microfacies characteristics and their control on reservoirs in Daanzhai Member， Lower Jurassic， Sichuan Basin［J］.Petroleum Geology & Experiment，2015，37（3）：320-327.
17	杜江民，张小莉，张帆，等.川中龙岗地区下侏罗统大安寨段沉积相分析及有利储集层预测［J］.古地理学报，2015，17（4）：493-502.
	Du Jiangmin， Zhang Xiaoli， Zhang Fan，et al. Sedimentary facies and reservoir prediction of the Lower Jurassic Da’anzhai Member， Longgang area， central Sichuan Basin［J］.Journal of Palaeogeography，2015，17（4）：493-502.
18	魏祥峰，刘若冰，张廷山，梁兴.页岩气储层微观孔隙结构特征及发育控制因素-以川南—黔北XX地区龙马溪组为例［J］.天然气地球科学，2013，24（5）：1048-1059.
	Wei Xiangfeng， Liu Ruobing， Zhang Tingshan，et al. Micro‑pores structure characteristics and development control factors of shale gas reservoir： A case of Longmaxi Formation in XX area of southern Sichuan and northern Guizhou（Article）［J］. Natural Gas Geoscience， 2013，24（5）：1048-1059.
19	赵佩，李贤庆，田兴旺，等.川南地区龙马溪组页岩气储层微孔隙结构特征［J］.天然气地球科学，2014，25（6）：947-956.
	Zhao Pei， Li Xianqing， Tian Xingwang， et al. Study on micropore structure characteristics of Longmaxi Formation shale gas reservoirs in the Southern Sichuan Basin（Article）［J］. Natural Gas Geoscience， 2014，25（6）：947-956.
20	张慧，魏小燕，杨庆龙，等.海相页岩储层矿物质孔隙的形貌-成因类型［J］.煤田地质与勘探，2018，46（4）：72-78.
	Zhang Hui， Wei Xiaoyan， Yang Qinglong，et al. The morphology⁃origin types of mineral pores in the marine shale reservoir［J］.Coal Geology & Exploration，2018， 46（4）：72-78.
21	Jarvie D M. Shale resource systems for oil and gas： Part2‑shale⁃oil resource systems［J］. Shale Reservoirs‑Giant Resources for the 21st century， AAPG Memoir，2012：89－119．
22	Loucks R G， Reed R M， Ruppel S C， et al. Spectrum of pore types and networks in mudrocks and a descriptive classification for matrix‑related mudrock pores［J］. AAPG Bulletin， 2012， 96（6）：1071-1098.
23	Zhu H， Zhang T， Liang X， et al. Insight into the pore structure of Wufeng‑Longmaxi black shales in the south Sichuan Basin， China［J］. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering， 2018， 171（12）：1279-1291.
24	孙莎莎，董大忠，李育聪，等.四川盆地侏罗系自流井组大安寨段陆相页岩油气地质特征及成藏控制因素［J］.石油与天然气地质，2021，42（1）：124-135.
	Sun Shasha， Dong Dazhong， Li Yucong，et al. Geological characteristics and controlling factors of hydrocarbon accumulation in terrestrial shale in the Da’anzhai Member of the Jurassic Ziliujing Formation， Sichuan Basin（Article）［J］. Oil and Gas Geology， 2021，42（1）：124-135.
25	Loucks R G， Reed R M， Ruppel S C， et al. Spectrum of pore types and networks in mudrocks and a descriptive classification for matrix‑related mudrock pores［J］. AAPG Bulletin， 2012，96（6）， 1071-1098.
26	Löhr S C， Baruch E T， Hall P A， et al. Is organic pore development in gas shales influenced by the primary porosity and structure of thermally immature organic matter？［J］. Organic Geochemistry， 2015，87（10）： 119-132.
27	王茂林，程鹏，田辉，肖贤明.页岩油储层评价指标体系［J］.地球化学，2017，46（2）：179-190.
	Wang Maolin， Cheng Peng， Tian Hui，et al. Evaluation index system of shale oil reservoirs［J］.Geochimica，2017，46（2）：179-190.
28	Macquaker J H， Taylor K G， Keller M， et al. Compositional controls on early diagenetic pathways in fine‑grained sedimentary rocks： Implications for predicting unconventional reservoir attributes of mudstones Diagenesis of Organic‑Rich Mudstones［J］. AAPG bulletin， 2014， 98（3）： 587-603.
29	Mark J O， Richard E S. Mechanisms for generating overpressure in sedimentary basins［J］. AAPG Bulletin，1997，81（6）：1023-1041.
30	赵靖舟，李军，徐则阳.沉积盆地超压成因研究进展［J］.石油学报，2017，38（9）：973-998.
	Zhao Jingzhou， Li Jun， Xu Zeyang. Advances in the origin of overpressures in sedimentary basins［J］. Petroleum Research， 2017，38（9）：973-998.
31	王敏，陈祥，严永新，等.南襄盆地泌阳凹陷陆相页岩油地质特征与评价［J］.古地理学报，2013，15（5）：663-671.
	Wang Min， Chen Xiang， Yan Yongxin，et al. Geological characteristics and evaluation of continental shale oil in Biyang sag of Nanxiang Basin［J］.Journal of Palaeogeography，2013， 15（5）：663-671.
32	薛海涛，田善思，王伟明，等.页岩油资源评价关键参数—含油率的校正［J］.石油与天然气地质，2016，37（1）：15-22.
	Xue Haitao， Tian Sishan， Wang Weiming，et al. Correction of oil content‑one key parameter in shale oil resource assessment［J］.Oil & Gas Geology， 2016，37（1）：15-22.
33	黄延章.低渗透油层渗流机理［M］.北京：石油工业出版社，1999.
	Huang Yanzhang. Percolation mechanism of low permeability reservoir［M］.Beijing： Petroleum industry press，1999.

[1]	Huimin LIU, Youshu BAO, Maowen LI, Zheng LI, Lianbo WU, Rifang ZHU, Dayang WANG, Xin WANG. Geochemical parameters for evaluating shale oil enrichment and mobility： A case study of shales in the Bakken Formation， Williston Basin and the Shahejie Formation， Jiyang Depression [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2024, 45(3): 622-636.
[2]	Xiugang PU, Jiangchang DONG, Gongquan CHAI, Shunyao SONG, Zhannan SHI, Wenzhong HAN, Wei ZHANG, Delu XIE. Enrichment model of high-abundance organic matter in shales in the 2^nd member of the Paleogene Kongdian Formation， Cangdong Sag， Bohai Bay Basin [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2024, 45(3): 696-709.
[3]	Rui FANG, Yuqiang JIANG, Changcheng YANG, Haibo DENG, Chan JIANG, Haitao HONG, Song TANG, Yifan GU, Xun ZHU, Shasha SUN, Guangyin CAI. Occurrence states and mobility of shale oil in different lithologic assemblages in the Jurassic Lianggaoshan Formation， Sichuan Basin [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2024, 45(3): 752-769.
[4]	Jun LI, Youlong ZOU, Jing LU. Well-log-based assessment of movable oil content in lacustrine shale oil reservoirs： A case study of the 2^nd member of the Paleogene Funing Formation， Subei Basin [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2024, 45(3): 816-826.
[5]	Xiaoyu DU, Zhijun JIN, Lianbo ZENG, Guoping LIU, Sen YANG, Xinping LIANG, Guoqing LU. Evaluation of natural fracture effectiveness in deep lacustrine shale oil reservoirs based on formation microresistivity imaging logs [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2024, 45(3): 852-865.
[6]	Zhe ZHAO, Bin BAI, Chang LIU, Lan WANG, Haiyan ZHOU, Yuxi LIU. Current status， advances， and prospects of CNPC’s exploration of onshore moderately to highly mature shale oil reservoirs [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2024, 45(2): 327-340.
[7]	Xiao HE, Maja ZHENG, Yong LIU, Qun ZHAO, Xuewen Shi, Zhenxue Jiang, Wei WU, Ya WU, Shitan NING, Xianglu TANG, Dadong LIU. Characteristics and differential origin of Qiongzhusi Formation shale reservoirs under the “aulacogen-uplift” tectonic setting， Sichuan Basin [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2024, 45(2): 420-439.
[8]	Changbo ZHAI, Liangbiao LIN, Donghua YOU, Fengbin LIU, Siyu LIU. Sedimentary microfacies characteristics and organic matter enrichment pattern of the 1^st member of the Middle Permian Maokou Formation， southwestern Sichuan Basin [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2024, 45(2): 440-456.
[9]	Heyi ZHANG, Shuai YANG, Xihua ZHANG, Hanlin PENG, Qian LI, Cong CHEN, Zhaolong GAO, Anqing CHEN. Sedimentary microfacies and environmental evolution of the Middle Permian Maokou Formation in the eastern Sichuan Basin： A case study of the Yangjiao section in Wulong District， Chongqing， China [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2024, 45(2): 457-470.
[10]	Hui PAN, Yuqiang JIANG, Xun ZHU, Haibo DENG, Linke SONG, Zhanlei WANG, Miao LI, Yadong ZHOU, Linjie FENG, Yongliang YUAN, Meng WANG. Evaluation of geological sweet spots in fluvial tight sandstone gas： A case study of the first submember of the second member of the Jurassic Shaximiao Formation， central Sichuan Basin [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2024, 45(2): 471-485.
[11]	Hequn GAO, Yuqiao GAO, Xipeng HE, Jun NIE. Rock mechanical properties and controlling factors for shale oil reservoirs in the second member of the Paleogene Funing Formation， Subei Basin [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2024, 45(2): 502-515.
[12]	Baoshou ZHANG, Benjian ZHANG, Hua WANG, Jianfa CHEN, Kaixuan LIU, Shuang DOU, Xin DAI, Shuangling CHEN. The Jinqiu gas field in the Sichuan Basin： A typical helium-bearing to helium-rich gas field with the Mesozoic sedimentary rocks as helium source rocks [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2024, 45(1): 185-199.
[13]	Zhili ZHANG, Yanping QIAO, Shuang DOU, Kunyu LI, Yuan ZHONG, Luya WU, Baoshou ZHANG, Xin Dai, Xin JIN, Bin WANG, Jinmin SONG. Karst paleogeomorphology and reservoir control model of the 2^nd member of Dengying Formation in Penglai gas area， Sichuan Basin， China [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2024, 45(1): 200-214.
[14]	Xusheng GUO, Xiaoxiao MA, Maowen LI, Menhui QIAN, Zongquan HU. Mechanisms for lacustrine shale oil enrichment in Chinese sedimentary basins [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2023, 44(6): 1333-1349.
[15]	Longde SUN, Xiaojun WANG, Zihui FENG, Hongmei SHAO, Huasen ZENG, Bo GAO, Hang JIANG. Formation mechanisms of nano-scale pores/fissures and shale oil enrichment characteristics for Gulong shale， Songliao Basin [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2023, 44(6): 1350-1365.

Microscopic pore characteristics and controlling factors of black shale in the Da’anzhai Member of Jurassic Ziliujing Formation， central Sichuan Basin

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

Knowledge

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

Figures/Tables 12

References 33

Related Articles 15

Recommended Articles

Metrics