松辽盆地大陆科学钻探井天然氢气吸附特征及赋存规律

doi:10.11743/ogg20250209

Abstract

Abstract:

High-content natural hydrogen has been discovered in well SK-2 of the Continental Scientific Drilling Project of the Cretaceous Songliao Basin. Hydrogen gas in reservoirs with varying lithologies exhibits different complex adsorption characteristics. Using experimental data from reservoirs with natural hydrogen anomaly shows in well SK-2 and molecular dynamics methodology， we investigate the adsorption characteristics of natural hydrogen in reservoirs with varying lithologies under different geologic conditions. Furthermore， we explore the occurrence variation pattern of natural hydrogen based on temperature， pressure， pore diameter， pore type， and competitive adsorption of gases. The results indicate that the reservoirs with natural hydrogen anomaly shows exhibit a hydrogen content of up to 26.89 %， a mineral composition dominated by clay and quartz and a relatively high organic matter content. Pores of organic matter and clay in these reservoirs absorb natural gas rich in hydrogen. Among them， pores with relatively small sizes （0.4 ~ 7.0 nm in diameter） may serve as the primary spaces for hydrogen gas occurrence. In pores larger than 0.5 nm that contain both hydrogen gas and methane， the adsorbed hydrogen gas content remains low， while the content of free hydrogen gas increases with pore size. Montmorillonite demonstrates the highest adsorption capacity for hydrogen gas. However， competitive adsorption for methane reduces the hydrogen gas content in pores， hindering its enrichment. An increase in pressure significantly enhances the adsorption capacity of pores for hydrogen gas， whereas a rising temperature intensifies their desorption process for hydrogen gas. As the temperature increases， adsorbed hydrogen gas in pores of quartz and illite is more prone to convert into free gas. Micropores manifest a relatively high adsorption capacity for hydrogen gas， serving as the primary spaces for the occurrence of adsorbed hydrogen gas. The deep iron-rich rocks or mantle activity in the study area ensure sufficient hydrogen gas supply， enabling natural hydrogen generated to accumulate in deep sedimentary reservoirs. The hydrogen gas content gradually decreases with the generation of hydrocarbon gases， the conversion of adsorbed hydrogen gas into free gas， and hydrogen gas dissipation， leading to the formation of hydrogen-rich natural gas accumulation zones dominated by methane.

Key words: adsorption characteristic, molecular simulation, occurrence pattern, continental scientific drilling, natural hydrogen, Songliao Basin

CLC Number:

TE132.3

Shuangbiao HAN, Jin WANG, Jie HUANG, Chengshan WANG. Adsorption characteristics and occurrence pattern of natural hydrogen in a continental scientific drilling well of the Songliao Basin[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2025, 46(2): 462-477.

Figures/Tables 15

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深度/m	地层	岩性	气体组分含量/%
深度/m	地层	岩性	CH₄	C₂₊烃类	CO₂	N₂	He	H₂
2 808	登娄库组	粉砂质泥岩	71.74	2.46	0.28	5.34	0.021	20.16
2 874	登娄库组	泥质细砂岩	75.92	3.89	0.69	4.19	0.032	15.28
2 940	登娄库组	粉砂质泥岩	77.42	2.92	0.92	3.26	0.042	15.44
3 010	营城组	粗砂岩	88.08	1.28	—	4.15	0.025	6.05
3 080	营城组	砾岩	87.77	2.18	0.66	—	0.007	8.07
3 150	营城组	流纹质晶屑凝灰熔岩	89.67	2.01	0.55	2.08	0.013	5.68
3 639	沙河子组	泥质粉砂岩	80.48	2.18	5.98	6.12	0.033	5.21
3 810	沙河子组	泥岩	82.40	3.09	7.84	5.25	0.058	1.36
3 944	沙河子组	泥岩	85.40	2.36	5.78	3.34	0.035	3.08
4 079	沙河子组	细砂岩	83.29	1.20	12.12	1.20	—	2.17
4 281	沙河子组	泥岩	82.62	1.23	10.62	2.33	0.015	3.18
4 415	沙河子组	泥质粉砂岩	87.86	2.27	4.63	3.05	0.036	2.15
4 500	沙河子组	泥岩	60.42	2.13	26.70	—	0.017	3.39
4 830	沙河子组	粗砂岩	89.68	1.21	2.71	1.44	0.082	4.88
5 287	沙河子组	细砂岩	85.27	3.15	—	4.05	0.106	5.45
5 488	沙河子组	砂质砾岩	87.46	1.27	3.09	3.07	0.031	5.08
5 600	沙河子组	砂砾岩	86.27	2.23	7.63	1.05	—	2.80
5 760	沙河子组	凝灰质泥岩	76.77	1.11	18.92	1.40	0.029	1.77
5 830	沙河子组	凝灰质泥岩	70.99	2.17	22.70	2.09	0.026	2.02
5 890	沙河子组	含角砾凝灰岩	82.14	1.15	13.44	1.84	0.037	1.39
6 110	基底	安山岩	70.22	1.69	4.57	8.47	0.091	14.96
6 225	基底	复成分砾岩	64.11	1.09	6.99	7.81	0.132	19.87
6 292	基底	浅变质含砾粗砂岩	66.62	0.74	5.24	—	0.062	20.90
6 324	基底	安山质沉凝灰角砾岩	67.97	1.43	3.67	3.82	0.044	23.06
6 396	基底	安山岩	73.63	1.06	1.98	5.58	—	17.73
6 560	基底	蚀变安山质角砾熔岩	68.41	0.92	11.25	1.33	0.055	18.03
6 630	基底	蚀变安山玄武岩	73.42	0.78	8.46	2.44	0.105	14.79
6 694	基底	蚀变玄武质火山角砾岩	72.88	1.21	—	3.90	0.083	19.36
6 761	基底	蚀变安山岩	62.48	1.09	7.51	1.91	0.125	26.89
6 807	基底	蚀变角砾熔岩	82.67	0.99	3.23	2.67	0.068	10.38

沉积盆地	岩性	氢气含量/%	资料来源
渤海湾盆地	泥页岩	0.250 0	文献［33］
楚雄盆地	砂岩	43.790 0	文献［34］
鄂尔多斯盆地	砂岩	0.570 0	文献［35］
沁水盆地	泥页岩	0.060 0	文献［36］
渭河盆地	泥页岩	14.317 0	文献［37］
商都盆地	砂岩	1.550 0	文献［11］
加拿大铀矿床	黏土岩	5.600 0（氢气解吸量）	文献［10］
松辽盆地	紫色泥岩（埋深2 864.0 m）	0.904 9（氢气吸附量）	文献［23］
	灰色砂岩（埋深2 867.1 m）	1.129 8（氢气吸附量）
	灰绿色泥岩（埋深2 923.3 m）	2.858 4（氢气吸附量）
鄂尔多斯盆地	无烟煤	31.744 0（氢气吸附量）	文献［24］
宁武盆地	褐煤	10.140 5（氢气吸附量）	文献［24］

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Adsorption characteristics and occurrence pattern of natural hydrogen in a continental scientific drilling well of the Songliao Basin

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