川西北中二叠统超深层白云岩储层孔隙结构及控制因素

doi:10.11743/ogg20200111

Abstract

Abstract:

The Middle Permian dolomite reservoirs in the piedmont of Longmen Mountain, northwestern Sichuan Basin, were deeply buried and experienced long-term diagenetic evolution during burial, but abundant reservoir space is still well preserved at present, and even porous dolomite gas reservoirs have been discovered in such ultra-deep reservoirs. However, these reservoirs feature high heterogeneity, and the formation and preservation mechanism of reservoir space still need further study. Three types of pore structures are recognized via physical property analysis, mercury injection porosimetry and CT scanning. TypeⅠ is dominated by large pore and coarse throat with large pore-throat coordination number and high connectivity. Type Ⅱ has two sets of pore-throat combinations (larger pore-medium throat and medium pore-medium throat), and shows higher pore throat heterogeneity. Type Ⅲ is characterized by small pore-fine throat combination resulting from strong pressure solution. The difference in pore-throat structures is mainly controlled by rock fabric of precursor limestone and the overprint of various kinds of diagenesis. Type Ⅰ and Ⅱ reservoirs, usually originating from porous grainstones, went through thorough dolomitization, and were well developed in planar, automorphic-hypautomorphic dolomites. Nevertheless, in comparison with Type Ⅱ reservoirs, Type Ⅰ reservoirs are stronger in modification by burial dissolution at middle-late stages but weaker in over-dolomitization. Furthermore, relict dolomite and non-planar, xenomorphic dolomite are most likely to form Type Ⅲ reservoirs due to their weaker anti-pressure-solution capacity and stronger late over-dolomitization.

Key words: pore structure, dolomitization, dissolution, ultra-deep reservoir, Middle Permian, Sichuan Basin

CLC Number:

TE122.2

Tianbo Yang, Zhiliang He, Zhenkui Jin, Juntao Zhang, Shuangjian Li. Pore structure and controlling factors of the ultra-deep Middle Permian dolomite reservoirs, northwestern Sichuan Basin[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2020, 41(1): 116-131.

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	孔隙结构类别	Ⅰ类	Ⅱ类	Ⅲ类	Ⅳ类
	孔隙结构总体特征	中孔低渗大孔粗喉型	中-低孔特低渗中孔中喉型	低孔特低渗小孔细喉型	特低孔特低渗微孔微喉型
物性特征	孔隙度/%	> 6	4~6	2~4	< 2
物性特征	渗透率/(10^-3μm²)	> 1.0	0.1~1.0	< 0.1	< 0.1
压汞曲线	排驱压力/MPa	< 0.2	0.2~0.4	0.4~1.0	> 1.0
	最大连通孔喉半径/μm	> 3.68	1.84~3.68	0.74~1.84	< 0.74
	饱和度中值压力/MPa	< 1.2	1.2~4.0	4.0~8.0	> 8.0
	饱和度中值半径/μm	> 0.61	0.18~0.61	0.09~0.18	< 0.09
	分选系数	> 2.0	1.5~2.0	< 1.5	< 1.5
	最大进汞饱和度/%	> 75	65~75	50~65	< 50
	渗透率分布峰位/μm	> 1.00	0.50~1.00	0.25~0.50	< 0.25
CT扫描	CT平均孔隙半径/μm	> 80	50~80	< 50	—
	CT平均喉道半径/μm	50~80	25~50	< 25	—
	平均孔喉配位数	> 5	3~5	< 3	—
岩石学特征	岩性产状	块状白云岩	块状白云岩	块状白云岩、斑状白云岩	灰岩
	微观结构类型	A1平直晶面自形晶白云岩、A2平直晶面半自形晶白云岩	A1平直晶面自形晶白云岩、A2平直晶面半自形晶白云岩、A3过渡型白云岩	A3过渡型白云岩、A4非平直晶面他形晶白云岩、B残余结构白云岩	(含)泥质灰泥生屑灰岩、(含)生屑灰泥灰岩、(含)泥质灰泥灰岩
	主要孔隙类型	晶间溶孔、溶洞	晶间孔、晶间溶孔	晶间孔、晶间微孔	晶间微孔、粒间微孔
	主要喉道类型	规则-短喉型、孔隙缩小型	规则-短喉型、孔隙缩小型	弯曲-曲折型、孔隙缩小型	—
	储层分类评价	Ⅰ类储层	Ⅱ类储层	Ⅲ类储层	非储层

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Pore structure and controlling factors of the ultra-deep Middle Permian dolomite reservoirs, northwestern Sichuan Basin

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