新疆若羌县红柳沟新元古界平洼沟组原生白云岩特征、沉积环境及年代厘定

doi:10.11743/ogg20210304

Abstract

Abstract:

The Neoproterozoic dolomite, one of the important carriers of ancient global climatic, biological, ecological and environmental information, is of great theoretical significance and application value.This study highlights the progress in characterization, environmental reconstruction and geological dating of a typical primary dolomite: the bitumen-bearing microbial Neoproterozoic dolomite from the Pingwagou Formation (previously believed to belong to the Nierkuli Group of Qingbaikou System) at Hongliugou section Ⅰ in Ruoqiang County.Petrographic and geochemical analyses as well as detrital zircon geochronology show that the Pingwagou Formation is mainly a set of intertidal to subtidal deposition of shallow-water primary dolomite mainly composed of algal oolite-granular dolomite, spongiostromate, laminated fine- and coarse-grained agglutinated stromatolites in wavy, conical, domal and columnar patterns, and microbolites in cemented spherulites intercalated with some tempestites.Two shallowing-up and deepening-down sub-cycles of bioherm and beach facies are developed in inner and mid ramps of the formation. Marine cements in grape-, fiber-, fibrous column-shaped or radial-fascicled patterns are broadly distributed with high ratios of Mg/Ca and a "cap-pattern" rare-earth distribution, indicating typical aragonite sea sediments and primary dolomites.Based on an overall consideration of stromatolite patterns, pronounced positive δ¹³C excursions (ave.7.80‰), δ¹⁸O (ave.-1.82‰) and elevated ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr values (ave.0.708 07) as well as zircon U-Pb dating of underlying clastics, we conclude that the formation is a set of primary dolomite deposition by Mg- and Si-rich seawater as well as seafloor hydrothermal inputs against a warm climate in the Neoproterozoic Cryogenian after the Sturtian Ice Age (685-635 Ma).Despite a long geological evolution, the dolomite in the formation is of certain reservoir properties and has formed an effective source-reservoir combination with underlying argillaceous source rocks, posing an interesting yet tough challenge to oil and gas explorers.

Key words: primary dolomite, petrography, geochemistry, Pingwagou Formation, Neoproterozoic, Ruoqiang County

CLC Number:

TE122.3

Yixiong Qian, Chenglin Chu, Yuejun Li, Qingzhen Zhang, Wangpeng Li, Xin Yang. Characteristics, enviornment and geological dating of primary dolomite in the Neoproterozoic Pingwagou Formation at Hongliugou, Ruoqiang County, Xinjiang[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2021, 42(3): 570-586.

Figures/Tables 12

Fig.1

Fig.2

Table 1

Fig.3

Fig.4

Table 2

The major and trace elements, ratios and C, O, Sr isotope data of dolomites in the Pingwagou Formation at Hongliugou section Ⅰ, Ruoqiang County"

样号	HLG-023	HLG-024	HLG-025	HLG-029	HLG-031	HLG-032	HLG-033+1	HLG-037	HLG-039	HLG-042	HLG-43
SiO₂	33.21	4.64	12.13	1.39	0.30	1.35	5.72	1.36	0.30	10.80	4.34
Al₂O₃	0.08	0.17	0.03	0.03	0.04	0.05	0.06	0.19	0.06	0.34	0.37
Fe₂O₃	0.26	0.15	0.18	0.04	0.06	0.05	0.16	0.05	0.12	0.56	0.58
FeO	0.22	0.12	0.13	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.13	0.02	0.10	0.49	0.48
MgO	15.34	22.24	20.59	23.49	23.84	23.44	22.27	23.39	23.34	20.16	21.23
CaO	19.58	28.80	25.73	29.58	30.32	29.44	28.20	29.56	29.86	25.88	28.82
Na₂O	0.002	0.002	0.002	0.002	0.002	0.002	0.002	0.002	0.002	0.002	0.015
K₂O	0.013	0.033	0.002	0.011	0.002	0.002	0.022	0.057	0.012	0.065	0.024
MnO	0.048	0.028	0.030	0.021	0.016	0.017	0.040	0.024	0.030	0.152	0.064
TiO₂	0.006	0.007	0.001	0.001	0.001	0.007	0.001	0.006	0.007	0.049	0.008
P₂O₅	0.010	0.042	0.009	0.010	0.008	0.012	0.010	0.009	0.029	0.014	0.071
烧失量	31.36	43.37	40.72	44.85	44.84	45.07	43.08	45.12	45.65	41.76	44.18
总计	100.13	99.60	99.55	99.44	99.44	99.46	99.69	99.79	99.52	100.27	100.18
Rb	0.24	0.31	0.08	0.11	0.05	0.09	0.11	0.07	0.08	1.52	0.60
Ba	46.49	55.48	16.89	16.82	20.11	18.37	13.99	18.89	39.62	44.57	37.42
Ga	0.16	0.13	0.16	0.07	0.07	0.06	0.13	0.07	0.08	0.39	0.43
Sr	104.38	137.43	77.38	89.52	86.85	81.97	71.08	95.31	122.80	51.91	644.22
Zr	0.88	1.35	1.12	10.35	2.76	0.60	2.25	0.90	2.39	25.55	5.00
Hf	0.01	0.03	0.01	0.03	0.02	0.01	0.03	0.01	0.02	0.20	0.09
Cr	6.46	11.89	4.75	4.21	5.81	4.66	3.86	4.18	4.23	18.39	10.56
V	2.66	2.53	1.64	2.07	1.69	1.06	1.55	1.13	2.71	21.67	7.05
Co	0.97	0.91	1.06	0.84	0.86	0.77	1.04	0.91	0.94	3.23	1.65
Ni	8.97	7.77	9.48	9.38	9.58	8.36	10.55	8.42	14.87	16.19	8.42
U	0.17	0.27	0.18	0.17	0.19	0.16	0.29	0.14	0.24	0.45	0.43
Th	0.04	0.09	0.03	0.02	0.03	0.03	0.03	0.04	0.07	0.17	0.18
Mo	0.39	0.25	0.20	0.11	0.15	0.22	0.14	0.18	0.13	0.16	0.14
Cu	4.54	2.87	3.76	3.79	3.21	5.24	3.60	3.86	4.81	7.93	6.95
Zn	4.28	3.55	4.27	8.39	5.95	4.73	5.88	3.43	13.04	12.52	8.13
La	0.20	0.42	0.13	0.17	0.24	0.14	0.19	0.20	0.49	0.79	1.82
Ce	0.39	0.81	0.26	0.29	0.49	0.24	0.30	0.48	1.02	1.96	3.43
Pr	0.05	0.10	0.03	0.04	0.05	0.04	0.05	0.05	0.14	0.22	0.47
Nd	0.18	0.44	0.14	0.15	0.24	0.14	0.19	0.19	0.59	0.94	2.03
Sm	0.05	0.10	0.03	0.03	0.05	0.03	0.05	0.04	0.13	0.21	0.43
Eu	0.02	0.04	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.02	0.01	0.04	0.06	0.11
Gd	0.06	0.13	0.04	0.06	0.07	0.04	0.06	0.07	0.18	0.26	0.58
Tb	0.01	0.02	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.03	0.04	0.09
Dy	0.06	0.13	0.05	0.08	0.08	0.04	0.07	0.06	0.20	0.27	0.48
Ho	0.01	0.03	0.01	0.02	0.02	0.01	0.02	0.01	0.05	0.06	0.10
Er	0.04	0.09	0.04	0.09	0.08	0.03	0.06	0.05	0.19	0.21	0.29
Tm	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.02	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.03	0.03	0.04
Yb	0.03	0.08	0.04	0.11	0.09	0.03	0.06	0.05	0.22	0.21	0.22
Lu	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.03	0.02	0.00	0.01	0.01	0.04	0.03	0.03
Y	0.44	1.02	0.52	1.39	0.97	0.37	0.78	0.53	2.41	2.29	3.38
∑REE	1.55	3.43	1.33	2.50	2.42	1.14	1.87	1.75	5.76	7.58	13.49
Mg/Ca	1.09	1.07	1.11	1.10	0.98	1.11	1.10	1.10	1.09	1.08	1.02
Sr/Mn	15.70	34.82	18.30	30.24	6.47	34.21	12.61	28.17	29.04	2.42	71.41
Fe/Mn	3.05	6.70	6.91	1.73	8.68	2.40	5.01	1.72	5.15	4.84	11.49
Sr/Ba	2.25	2.48	4.58	5.32	4.32	4.46	5.08	5.05	3.10	1.16	17.22
Mn/Sr	5.59	2.48	4.79	2.46	2.46	2.60	5.05	2.54	3.00	37.35	1.14
Fe/Sr	17.06	8.84	16.30	6.80	9.54	7.93	14.40	5.53	7.81	54.96	4.58
Ca/Sr	3 121	3 357	5 493	5 315	5 506	5 728	6 356	5 031	3 863	8 217	709
Rb/Sr	0.002 3	0.002 3	0.001 1	0.001 3	0.000 5	0.001 2	0.001 5	0.000 8	0.000 7	0.030 0	0.001 0
Sr/Ca	0.000 3	0.000 3	0.000 2	0.000 2	0.000 2	0.000 2	0.000 2	0.000 2	0.000 3	0.000 1	0.001 4
U/Th	4.19	3.08	7.30	7.47	5.85	6.06	9.01	3.78	3.63	2.68	2.32
Th/K	2.44	5.49	1.76	0.96	1.60	2.00	4.76	2.17	4.17	2.99	7.14
LREE/HREE	1.35	1.24	0.84	0.38	0.80	1.11	0.73	1.23	0.72	1.23	1.59
Ce/La	1.95	1.93	2.00	1.71	2.04	1.71	1.58	2.40	2.08	2.48	1.88
δEu_N	1.28	1.09	0.96	0.93	0.75	1.05	0.83	0.90	0.76	0.81	0.64
δCe_N	0.69	0.62	0.64	0.58	0.67	0.55	0.52	0.83	0.61	0.74	0.58
Y/Ho	36.82	35.33	42.48	58.43	43.84	37.55	43.31	36.10	45.92	37.43	34.21
(La/Yb)_N	0.43	0.38	0.25	0.11	0.19	0.31	0.22	0.31	0.16	0.27	0.62
(Nd/Yb)_N	0.45	0.45	0.29	0.11	0.21	0.37	0.25	0.33	0.22	0.37	0.77
(Sm/Yb)_N	0.77	0.60	0.42	0.29	0.29	0.50	0.45	0.41	0.30	0.50	1.01
δ¹³C(PDB)	6.30	7.30		7.20	7.40	8.40	7.70	8.20	4.40		3.20
δ¹⁸O(PDB)	-3.30	-1.60		0.10	-0.40	-1.20	-2.40	-0.40	-4.80		-1.30
δ¹⁸O(SMOW)	27.50	29.30		31.00	30.50	29.60	28.40	30.50	26.00		29.60
⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr		0.709 82		0.708 06	0.708 06	0.708 04	0.708 11	0.707 65	0.709 29
⁸⁷Sr^/86Sr误差		0.000 02		0.000 01	0.000 02	0.000 02	0.000 02	0.000 02	0.000 02

Table 2

Fig.5

Fig.6

Fig.7

Fig.8

Fig.9

Fig.10

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Characteristics, enviornment and geological dating of primary dolomite in the Neoproterozoic Pingwagou Formation at Hongliugou, Ruoqiang County, Xinjiang

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样号	样品名称	矿物组成/%
样号	样品名称	粘土	石英	斜长石	方解石	白云石	菱铁矿	黄铁矿	石膏	硬石膏
HLG-029	亮晶球粒云岩	1.6	0.4	0.3	0.3	96.7	0.1	0.5	0.1	-
HLG-031	球粒-叠层石云岩	2.2	0.2	0.3	0.3	95.8	0.3	0.9	-	-
HLG-035	亮晶藻球粒云岩	2.9	1.1	0.3	0.1	95.6	-	-	-	-
HLG1-43	硅化藻鲕-球粒云岩	0.9	6.6	0.2	0.7	91.5	-	-	-	0.1