松辽盆地古龙凹陷白垩系青山口组页岩层序等时格架下的有机质分布规律

doi:10.11743/ogg20230406

Abstract

Abstract:

The Qingshankou Formation shale， Gulong Sag， Songliao Basin， has been gushing out oil in a rate stunning the Chinese oil industry. However， further prediction of sweet spots in the formation remains a challenge due to the highly uneven distribution of organic matter and confusion in the understanding of controlling factors. This study adopted the concepts of “hierarchy in sequence stratigraphy” and “transgressive-regressive （T-R） sequences”， with updated astronomical cycle research results to determine the accurate duration of sequences and re-establish an isochronous sequence stratigraphic framework specifically for lacustrine deep-water shale based on core， outcrop， and thin section observation， as well as seismic profile， well-logging， geochemical， and paleontological data analyses from a microcosmic to macroscopic scale. Subsequently， using modern lakes sedimentation as an analogy made it possible to propose qualitative and quantitative indexes for identifying paleo-water environment， and probe into the origin of the heterogeneity of organic matter enrichment under the sequence stratigraphic framework on the basis of the coupling relation among paleoproductivity， redox conditions， and sedimentation rate. The main conclusions are as follows： 1） There are four third-order sequences in Qingshankou Formation Shale， Gulong Sag， Songliao Basin. Among them， SQ1 and SQ2 consist of two T-R sequences of 13 parasequence sets （made up of 52 parasequences）. The durations of parasequence and parasequence set are approximately 40 kyr and 170 kyr， respectively. 2） Three types of lithofacies， four types of laminae， five laminae combinations， eleven laminae combination patterns， and three sedimentary microfacies have been recognized under the sequence stratigraphic framework. T-R cycles control the vertical distribution of laminae combination， lithofacies and sedimentary microfacies. The argillaceous shales deposited in deep-lake stagnant water and mud flow are prospective lithofacies. 3） T-R cycles control the enrichment of organic matter and different orders of flooding surfaces are the favorable locations for organic matter enrichment. Parasequence set 2 in Gulong Sag and parasequence sets 1 to 4 in Sanzhao Sag have been evaluated to be the most promising exploration targets. This study aims to provide sedimentological evidence for shale oil target area and “sweet spots” prediction.

Key words: organic matter enrichment, sedimentary environment, sequence stratigraphy, Gulong Shale, Songliao Basin

CLC Number:

TE121.3

Tianshu ZHANG, Rukai ZHU, Yi CAI, Huajian WANG, Dan LYU, Haiyan ZHOU, Xiuli FU, Chang LIU, Kunning CUI, Surong ZHANG, Bo WANG, Songtao WU, Jingya ZHANG, Xiaohua JIANG, Youliang FENG, He LIU. Distribution of organic matter in the Qingshankou Formation Shale， Gulong Sag， Songliao Basin observed within an isochronous sequence stratigraphic framework[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2023, 44(4): 869-886.

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井号	不同准层序组相对沉积速率/（cm/kyr）
井号	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13
D8	9.96	9.33	8.60	7.81	10.14	15.11	13.21	9.00	11.93	8.66	7.75	6.53	8.79
D7	11.85	6.12	7.83	9.68	7.00	10.97	12.11	7.80	9.08	7.45	6.15	7.42	9.91
D6	9.80	6.72	7.02	9.93	6.70	9.69	12.82	8.89	10.31	9.16	6.25	5.82	9.74
D5	10.75	7.86	8.34	9.27	7.58	13.41	11.57	11.65	13.42	11.02	7.30	6.67	9.46
Y3	8.74	6.75	7.53	9.47	6.79	10.17	12.18	10.06	10.44	9.31	8.17	7.82	9.54
Y2	10.34	6.29	6.81	7.37	6.78	8.28	11.22	11.25	11.82	8.28	6.62	9.85	13.04
Y0	9.64	5.39	8.34	9.40	6.32	7.39	11.62	12.96	9.42	6.39	7.58	9.96	8.80
Y1	7.71	6.24	6.95	7.91	6.52	8.84	11.61	10.40	11.49	9.87	6.28	9.85	11.00
D4	10.79	4.92	8.29	5.97	9.41	9.27	11.16	12.59	12.03	8.05	7.26	11.94	13.41
Y4	10.71	5.08	8.80	6.02	10.95	10.27	10.10	13.46	11.23	8.92	7.45	12.30	13.05
D3	11.48	8.46	8.72	6.49	9.82	8.85	9.89	13.08	9.83	11.68	8.58	11.15	13.15
D2	10.09	7.16	5.60	6.02	9.44	9.13	10.28	12.24	9.75	9.65	6.80	7.55	12.51
D1	8.90	6.51	7.08	7.44	8.81	11.66	9.59	10.50	13.25	7.94	7.26	11.10	11.34
Y5	9.89	6.64	8.37	7.73	6.61	7.41	10.06	12.43	10.88	8.69	8.21	9.52	10.98
Y6	9.95	6.03	8.80	6.51	11.46	7.66	11.50	8.87	11.79	7.63	8.05	12.69	14.48
SK-1s	8.71	6.49	7.31	9.51	6.03	7.64	10.92	7.58	7.95	7.27	6.79	8.51	11.83
C1	2.80	2.39	3.63	3.01	2.78	3.95	2.40	2.00	2.39	1.85	1.80	1.52	2.42
C2	5.40	4.08	4.71	3.94	5.46	3.98	3.00	3.94	4.36	3.88	3.94	4.43	5.05
C3	4.98	3.11	2.80	4.46	4.67	4.46	3.84	3.23	2.91	3.92	4.36	3.84	5.39
C4	5.72	5.31	4.84	3.73	4.07	6.31	7.21	4.33	5.51	6.31	4.34	5.59	6.94
C5	7.99	5.40	5.81	4.77	5.81	8.32	7.16	5.65	6.99	6.58	6.02	5.74	6.97
C6	9.92	5.72	6.10	6.85	5.72	8.44	11.85	8.92	9.82	8.16	6.72	7.03	8.26
Y3	8.74	6.75	7.53	9.47	6.79	10.17	12.18	10.06	10.44	9.31	8.17	7.82	9.54
C7	11.46	5.62	6.46	7.54	5.57	8.13	10.78	15.42	13.41	7.65	9.51	8.44	11.61
C8	11.20	6.33	6.95	6.43	6.02	8.20	9.44	8.09	7.26	6.46	8.11	5.95	7.67
C9	8.47	5.50	6.46	6.58	7.39	7.40	7.33	7.23	8.89	6.32	5.09	6.15	4.64
C10	6.24	4.73	5.09	5.93	6.21	9.84	8.93	8.56	7.77	6.33	4.85	5.87	5.89
Y8	10.06	6.19	6.85	6.43	7.16	8.71	9.31	7.39	8.82	7.47	6.33	8.29	7.47
C11	6.53	4.68	6.23	4.36	7.25	8.71	7.66	8.31	7.16	5.34	4.91	5.50	4.23
Y7	8.55	5.00	8.42	4.43	6.50	5.69	11.03	9.53	10.37	8.66	9.31	11.29	12.96

古沉积环境	类型	参数	古沉积环境	类型	参数	古沉积环境	类型	参数
古气候	干旱	Sr/Cu>25；Fe/Mn<70； 50<CIA<65	古水深	浅水（水深0 ~ 5 m）	Co和La含量法定量计算	氧化还原条件	分层较弱，贫氧-氧化	V/Sc<10；V/（V+Ni）<0.6
古气候	潮湿	Sr/Cu＜25；Fe/Mn>70；CIA>65		较深水（水深5 ~ 20 m）			分层较弱，厌氧还原	10<V/Sc<25； 0.6<V/（V+Ni）<0.84
古盐度	淡水	Sr/Ba<0.6； Ca/（Ca+Fe）<0.3		深水（水深>20 m）			分层较强的硫化强还原	V/Sc>25； V/（V+Ni）>0.84
	微咸水	0.6<Sr/Ba<1； 0.3<Ca/（Ca+Fe）<0.5	有机质母质来源	藻型	藻类/水生植物孢粉个数>2	古生产力	低	藻类/水生植物孢粉个数总和<20
	咸水	Sr/Ba>1； Ca/（Ca+Fe）>0.5		藻型	藻类/水生植物孢粉个数>2		中-低	20<藻类/水生植物孢粉个数总和<40
	咸水	Sr/Ba>1； Ca/（Ca+Fe）>0.5		草藻型	1<藻类/水生植物孢粉个数<2
陆源输入量	低	Ti/Al<0.03；Si/Al<3；粒度中值<0.008 mm；黏土级粒度占比>40 %
							中	40<藻类/水生植物孢粉个数总和<60
				草型	藻类/水生植物孢粉个数<1		中	40<藻类/水生植物孢粉个数总和<60
							中-高	60<藻类/水生植物孢粉个数总和<80
	高	Ti/Al>0.03；Si/Al>3；粒度中值>0.008 mm；黏土级粒度占比<40 %
				细菌型	干酪根 δ¹³C_org <-29 ‰
				细菌型	干酪根 δ¹³C_org <-29 ‰		高	藻类/水生植物孢粉个数总和>80

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Distribution of organic matter in the Qingshankou Formation Shale， Gulong Sag， Songliao Basin observed within an isochronous sequence stratigraphic framework

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