复杂地表复杂地下地区地震成像技术研究

doi:10.11743/ogg20080517

石油与天然气地质 ›› 2008, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (5): 676-682,689.doi: 10.11743/ogg20080517

复杂地表复杂地下地区地震成像技术研究

杨勤勇, 方伍宝

中国石油化工股份有限公司石油勘探开发研究院南京石油物探研究所,江苏南京 210014

收稿日期:2008-06-13 出版日期:2008-10-24 发布日期:2012-01-16
基金项目:
中国石油天然气集团公司"九五"重点科技攻关项目(970211)

A Study on seismic imaging techniques in complex surface and subsurface areas

Yang Qinyong, Fang Wubao

Research Unit of Geophysical Prospecting, Petroleum Exploration & Production Research Institute, SINOPEC, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210014, China

Received:2008-06-13 Online:2008-10-24 Published:2012-01-16

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对我国南方复杂地表和复杂地下地区的地震勘探难点,开展了偏移成像技术研究。首先对偏移算法进行了论述,推导出叠前时间偏移中的旅行时计算方法和加权因子计算方法,提出了非对称旅行时计算思想,使起伏地表直接Kirchhoff叠前时间偏移技术能够适应速度的较强横向变化;然后讨论了全速度模型建立技术(浅中深层速度融合技术),给出了起伏地表条件下综合建立速度模型的实现流程;最后给出了起伏地表叠前深度偏移的Fourier有限差分延拓算子,实现了起伏地表的叠前深度偏移。利用合成地震数据和实际数据验证了方法的有效性和实用性。

关键词: 波动方程, 叠前时间偏移, 叠前深度偏移, 全速度模型, 复杂地区

Abstract:

Aiming at seismic survey difficulties in complex surface and subsurface areas of South China,seismic migration and imaging techniques are studied.First,migration algorithms are discussed and the methods to calculate travel-time and weighting factor are derived for pre-stack time migration,presenting an idea of calculating asymmetrical travel-time,which can allow Kirchhoff pre-stack time migration directly from rugged topography to match higher lateral changes of velocity.Second,a technique to build an overall velocity model(a technique to integrate shallow,middle and deep velocity into a model)is discussed,resulting in a workflow to build a comprehensive velocity model under a condition of rugged topography.Finally,the continuation operator of Fourier finite difference has been developed for the pre-stack depth migration directly from rugged topography.All the proposed methods have been verified with synthetic and real seismic data.

Key words: wave equation, pre-stack time migration, pre-stack depth migration, overall velocity model, complex area

中图分类号:

P631.4

杨勤勇,方伍宝. 复杂地表复杂地下地区地震成像技术研究[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2008, 29(5): 676-682,689. doi: 10.11743/ogg20080517 Yang Qinyong,Fang Wubao. A Study on seismic imaging techniques in complex surface and subsurface areas[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2008, 29(5): 676-682,689. doi: 10.11743/ogg20080517

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复杂地表复杂地下地区地震成像技术研究

A Study on seismic imaging techniques in complex surface and subsurface areas

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