塔里木盆地顺南地区走滑断裂派生裂缝发育规律及预测

doi:10.11743/ogg20180510

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 走滑断裂活动过程中派生发育的裂缝作为一种重要的碳酸盐岩储层类型正受到越来越多的重视，但其作用机理及规模尚不明确，为探索走滑断控裂缝体系发育的规模，综合应用岩心、成像测井资料及数值模拟的手段开展定量评价。在对顺南地区构造裂缝进行识别与描述的基础上，总结了走滑断控裂缝的发育特征，明确了其主控因素，并通过构建地质模型，开展基于有限元法的走滑断裂派生局部应力场及变形过程模拟，以应力-应变为纽带探讨走滑断裂派生裂缝发育的影响因素及范围，进一步预测了顺南三维区的裂缝发育规律。研究结果表明：顺南地区主要发育受主干走滑断裂控制的构造裂缝，裂缝走向与断裂走向基本一致，以高角度-近垂直缝为主，裂缝发育与断裂分段性及岩性关系密切；走滑断裂派生裂缝发育范围为断裂带核部宽度的1.25~6.5倍，且断裂拉分段裂缝发育强度与范围均明显大于平移段；沿岩性界面，走滑断裂控制裂缝发育范围明显变大；岩石能干性越高，更易于产生裂缝，派生裂缝发育范围更大；顺南三维区加里东晚期—海西早期裂缝整体沿北东向断裂展布，鹰山组较一间房组裂缝发育程度高。

关键词: 应力, 数值模拟, 预测, 裂缝, 走滑断裂, 奥陶系, 顺南地区, 塔里木盆地

Abstract: Induced fracture from strike-slip faulting is an important type of reservoir space of carbonates,thus has been drawing more and more attention.However,its mechanism and scale are not clear now.In order to delineate fracture system controlled by strike-slip faults,we carried out quantitative evaluation by means of comprehensive application of core,image logging data and numerical simulation.After the identification and description of structural fractures in Shunnan area,the characters of fracture development controlled by strike-slip faults were summarized,and their main controlling factors were analyzed.Then through the construction of geological model,the induced local stress field and the deformation process of the strike-slip fault were simulated by using the finite element method.What's more,the influential factors and distribution of the induced fractures from strike-slip faults were discussed through analysis of stress-strain,and the pattern of fracture development in the 3D seismic acreage of Shunnan area was predicted further.The results show that(1) the structural fracture controlled by major strike-slip faults is the main type of fractures in Shunnan area,its strike is basically consistent with that of the faults,and it is dominated by high angle-nearly vertical shear fractures.Besides,fracture development is closely related to the segmentation and lithology of faults.(2) The extent of induced fractures from strike-slip faults is 1.25-6.5 times as many as the width of the core of fault zone,and the intensity and extent of fracturing in the pull-apart segments of faults are significantly larger than those in the strike-slip segments.(3) Along the lithologic interface,the scope of fracture development controlled by strike-slip faults expands obviously.The higher the competency of rocks is,the easier it is for the development of induced fractures,and the larger the extent of induced fractures becomes.(3) The Late Caledonian-Early Hercynian fractures are mainly distributed along the NE-trending strike-slip faults as a whole in the 3D seismic acreage in Shunnan area,and the fractures in the Yingshan Formation are better developed those that in the Yijiangfang Formation.

Key words: stress, numerical simulation, prediction, fracture, strike-slip fault, Ordovician, Shunnan area, Tarim Basin

中图分类号:

TE121.2

张继标,张仲培,汪必峰,等. 塔里木盆地顺南地区走滑断裂派生裂缝发育规律及预测[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2018, 39(5): 955-963,1055. doi: 10.11743/ogg20180510 Zhang Jibiao,Zhang Zhongpei,Wang Bifeng,et al. Development pattern and prediction of induced fractures from strike-slip faults in Shunnan area,Tarim Basin[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2018, 39(5): 955-963,1055. doi: 10.11743/ogg20180510

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