准噶尔-北天山盆山过渡带构造基本特征

doi:10.11743/ogg20080215

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

准噶尔-北天山盆山过渡带是一条走向为NWW向(近EW向)的复杂构造变形带.根据构造变形样式的差异,该盆山过渡带从南向北可以划分为出若干变形"带",自西向东可以划分出若干变形"段",由深而浅可以划分出2～3个变形"层".北天山(包括博格达山)是由基底卷入逆冲断层和褶皱构成的基岩断隆带,其中主干断层为向山体倾斜的高角度逆冲断层.该盆山结合带宏观上是一条冲断挠曲带,高角度逆冲的山前大断裂的下盘发育一系列中-低角度的基底卷入逆冲断层,部分逆冲断层上盘发育相关褶皱,但是基岩顶面和卷入变形的沉积盖层总体上构成向盆地倾斜的单斜构造.准噶尔盆地内部是一个宽阔的分层变形叠置带,侏罗系及上覆底层主要为滑脱褶皱变形,侏罗系在背斜核部加厚,滑脱背斜下伏地层及盆地基底发育高角度基底卷入断层.NNE-NE向、近SN向变换断层或构造变换带将上述构造变形带分隔成不同的"段",同一"带"、同一"段"和同一"层"内的构造变形样式是类似的,不同"带"、不同"段"和不同"层"的构造变形样式则有明显的差异.盆山过渡带的构造特征受早二叠世正断层和走滑正断层活动、晚侏罗世基底卷入逆冲断层和走滑逆冲断层活动以及上新世逆冲断层活动和褶皱变形等多次构造变形的影响,但主要是上新世以来北天山逆冲隆升和对准噶尔盆地挤压的结果.先存的基底断裂、沉积盖层中的软弱岩层以及天山隆升和对准噶尔盆地挤压作用的不均一性是影响盆山过渡带构造形成和演化的主要因素.

关键词: 断裂带, 构造样式, 构造层次, 构造演化, 北天山, 准噶尔盆地

Abstract:

The transitional belt between Junggar basin and northern Tianshan Mountain is a NWW-trending or near EW-trending complex tectonic deformation zone.According to the differences of tectonic deformation styles,the configuration within the transitional belt could be divided into several parallel zones from south to north,se-veral sectors from west to east,and 2-3 levels from basement to shallow cover.The northern Tianshan is a "thrust-upheaval basement zone" consisting of parallel alignment of basement that involves thrust faults and folds.There are 2-3 major thrust faults of high-angle dipping to the south within the "thrust-upheaval basement zone.The transitional zone is a "basement-cover" that involves thrust flexure zone consisting of basement-involved thrust faults and sedimentary cover of monocline dipping toward basin.There are several branch thrust faults of middle-and low-angle dipping to the south of the basin within the "basement-cover" and some of them have associated anticlines in the hanging-wall.The inner part of Junggar basin is a "delaminated contraction and vertical stack zone" consisting of 2 lines of detachment anticline and basement-involved high-angle faults.Structural styles are similar in the same zones,sectors,or levels,but vary in different zones,sectors and levels.The transitional belt was influenced by superpositional tectonic deformation from regional extension during the Early Permian,trans-contraction during the Late Jurassic,and contraction during the Pliocene.However,it was mainly the result of the upheaval of northern Tianshan Mountain since the Pliocene.The main factors influencing the tectonic style of the transitional belt include the pre-existing faults,weak beds within sedimentary basin cover,and upheaval and compression of northern Tianshan.

Key words: fracture zone, structural style, tectonic level, tectonic evolution, northern Tianshan, Junggar Basin

中图分类号:

TE121.2

漆家福,陈书平,杨桥,等. 准噶尔-北天山盆山过渡带构造基本特征[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2008, 29(2): 252-260,282. doi: 10.11743/ogg20080215 Qi Jiafu,Chen Shuping,Yang Qiao,et al. Characteristics of tectonic deformation within transitional belt between the Junggar Basin and the northern Tianshan Mountain[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2008, 29(2): 252-260,282. doi: 10.11743/ogg20080215

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