关键词: 裂缝, 产能, 页岩气, 五峰组, 龙马溪组, 焦石坝地区, 四川盆地

Abstract: Shale samples were taken from the Wufeng-Longmaxi Formations in Jiaoshiba Block of Fuling shale gas field to study the key controlling factors of shale fractures and their influences upon gas production capacity through analysis methods including core observation,FMI logging interpretation,Ar-ion Milling SEM images and etc.The results show two main types of fractures:micro-fractures (cleavage fractures,intergranular fractures and grain-around fractures) and macro-fractures (high angle fractures-oblique fractures and vertical fractures,horizontal fractures-foliation fractures,interlayer slipping fractures).Their growth is clearly under the joint control of mechanical properties,abnormal high pressure,distance from the main decollement surface,and bentonite and tectonism.The micro-fractures and horizontal fractures are best developed at the bottom of both Formations,while high angle fractures are mainly developed in the Wufeng Formation in structurally stable regions far from fault belts and occur in all the shale gas formations in areas near the fault belts.The differential development of natural fractures in horizontal and vertical directions is found to control the productivity of single shale gas wells through the following ways.First,it controlled shale gas enrichment as the micro-fractures and horizontal fractures far from faults around Jiaoshiba Tectonic contributed greatly to the accumulation of shale gas in the stable structural zones.In contrast,the open fractures with high angles possibly acted as channels for shale gas to escape,thus leading to a low gas abundance and a low formation pressure.Secondly,it may lower the effectiveness of volume fracturing as the high-angle open fractures not only can cause severe drilling mud leakage,but also deter the formation of fracture networks through fracturing.

Key words: fracture, production capacity, shale gas, Wufeng Formation, Longmaxi Formation, Jiaoshiba area, Sichuan Basin