准噶尔盆地腹部地层压力异常特征与控制因素

doi:10.11743/ogg20170614

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 应用钻井地层压力实测资料、测录井资料和地震速度资料等，结合盆地地层沉积结构分析，对准噶尔盆地腹部地区地层超压异常的横、纵向空间分布特征及其成因控制因素进行综合研究。研究表明：1）超压异常在盆地腹部地区普遍存在，其出现的顶界面具有穿层性，整体具有向西北方向超压顶面埋深变浅、向凹陷内埋藏变深的特点；超压顶面在莫索湾地区为侏罗系三工河组，顶面埋深在4 400 m左右，向西到夏盐-达巴松和玛湖地区超压顶面为三叠系，埋深在3 500 m左右，在莫南凸起的永进油田超压顶面在白垩系底部，埋深在5 800 m左右。2）莫索湾地区的侏罗系以下地层都存在超压异常，侏罗系的异常压力值最高，在二叠系-石炭系有所降低；同时，根据压力系数结构剖面特征分析，将超压异常划分为两种类型。3）分析盆地腹部超压异常的空间特征，认为不同层系、不同构造位置的超压异常形成具有不同的控制因素。

关键词: 地层压力结构, 压力异常成因, 超压异常, 准噶尔盆地腹部

Abstract: Formation pressure measurements and logging and seismic data were combined with basin sedimentary texture to analyze the spatial distribution of formation overpressure and its controlling factors.The results show that 1) overpressure zone is widely distributed in the central part of the basin.It has a diachronous top surface,shallows overall in NW direction and deepens toward the centre of the sag.In Mosuwan area,the top surface of the overpressure zone corresponds to the Jurassic Sangonghe Formation and has a burial depth of about 4 400 m.In Xiayan-Dabasong and the Mahu areas to the west,it corresponds to the Triassic and shallows to 3 500 m.In an oil field called Yongjin in Munan uplift,it corresponds to the bottom of the Cretaceous and deepens to about 5 800 m. 2) Overpressure can be observed in layers at and below the Jurassic in Mosuowan area with the highest values measured in the Jurassic and some lower values measured in the Permian-Carboniferous.Two types of overpressure are classified based on profile characteristics of pressure coefficient structure. 3) Spatial characteristics of the overpressure anomalies in central Basin reveal the roles of different controlling factors upon the forming of overpressure in different tectonic locations in the basin.

Key words: formation pressure structure, pressure anomaly genesis, overpressure anomaly, central Juggar basin.

中图分类号:

TE122.2

吴海生,郑孟林,何文军,等. 准噶尔盆地腹部地层压力异常特征与控制因素[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2017, 38(6): 1135-1146. doi: 10.11743/ogg20170614 Wu Haishen,Zheng Menglin,He Wenjun,et al. Formation pressure anomalies and controlling factors in central Juggar Basin[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2017, 38(6): 1135-1146. doi: 10.11743/ogg20170614

参考文献

[1] 张立强.准噶尔盆地南缘古近系超高压带砂岩铁方解石胶结物的分布及形成机制[J].成都理工大学学报(自然科学版),2011,38(6):625-632. Zhang Liqiang.Distribution and origin of ferrocalcite cements in Paleogene overpressure sandstones on the south margin of Junggar Basin,Xinjiang,China[J].Journal of Chengdu University of Technology(Science & Technology Edition),2011,38(6):625-632.
[2] 赵桂萍.准噶尔盆地南缘异常高压及其与油气成藏的关系[J].石油与天然气地质,2003,24(4):327-331. Zhao Guiping.Overpressure and its relation to petroleum accumulation in southern edge of Junggar Basin[J].Oil & Gas Geology,2003,24(4):327-331.
[3] 徐国盛,匡建超,李建林,等.天山北侧前陆盆地异常高压成因研究[J].成都理工学院学报,2000,27(3):255-262. Xu Guosheng,Kuang Jianchao,Li Jianling,et al.Research on the genesis of abnormal high pressure in the foreland basin to the north of Tianshan[J].Journal of Chengdu University of Technology,2000,27(3):255-262.
[4] 冯冲,姚爱国,汪建富,等.准噶尔盆地玛湖凹陷异常高压分布和形成机理[J].新疆石油地质,2014,35(6):640-645. Feng Chong,Yao Aiguo,Wang Jianfu,et al.Abnormal pressure distribution and formation mechanism in Mahu Sag,Junggar Basin[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2014,35(6):640-645.
[5] 孙冬胜,金之钧,吕修祥,等.沉积盆地超压体系划分及其与油气运聚关系[J].石油与天然气地质,2004,25(1):1-14. Sun Dongsheng,Jin Zhijun,Lv Xiuxiang,et al.Classification of overpressure systems in sedimentary basins and their relationship with hydrocarbon migration and accumulation[J].Oil & Gas Geology,2004,25(1):1-14.
[6] 王屿涛,范光华,蒋少斌.准噶尔盆地腹部高压和异常高压对油气生成和聚集的影响[J].石油勘探与开发,1994,21(5):1-7. Wang Yutao,Fan Guanghua,Jiang Shaobin.The effect of high pressure and abnormally high pressure on the generation and accumulation of petroleum in mid-land Junggar basin[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,1994,21(5):1-7.
[7] 吴晓智,李策.准噶尔盆地莫索湾地区异常地层压力与油气聚集[J].新疆石油地质,1994,15(3):208-213. Wu Xiaozhi,Li Ce.Abnormal pressure and hydrocarbon accumlation in Mosuowan area of hinterland of Junggar basin[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,1994,15(3):208-213.
[8] 刘得光.准噶尔盆地马桥凸起异常高压成因及油气成藏模式[J].石油勘探与开发,1998,25(1):21-26. Liu Deguang.Over pressure origin and hydrocarbon pool forming mode of Maqiao uplift in Junggar basin[J].Petroleum Explorationand Development,1998,25(1):21-26.
[9] 查明,张卫海,曲江秀.准噶尔盆地异常高压特征、成因及勘探意义[J].石油勘探与开发,2000,27(2):31-35. Zha Ming,Zhang Weihai,Qu Jiangxiu.The character and origin of overpressure and its explorational significance in Junggar Basin[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2000,27(2):31-35.
[10] 李忠权,陈更生,郭冀义,等.准噶尔盆地南缘西部地层异常高压基本地质特[J].石油实验地质,2001,23(1):47-51. Li Zhongquan,Chen Gengsheng,Guo Jiyi,et al.Basic geologic cha-racter of the abnormal formation overpressure in the western part of southern fringe of Junggar basin[J].Petroleum Geology and Experiment,2001,23(1):47-51.
[11] 何生,何治亮,杨智,等.准噶尔盆地腹部侏罗系超压特征和测井响应以及成因[J].地球科学:中国地质大学学报,2009,34(3):457-470. He Sheng,He Zhiliang,Yang Zhi,et al.Characteristics,well-log responses and mechanisms of overpressures within the Jurassic formation in the central part of Junggar basin[J].Earth Science:Journal of China University of Geosciences,2009,34(3):457-470.
[12] 刘震,金博,贺维英,等.准噶尔盆地东部地区异常压力分布特征及成因分析[J].地质科学,2002,37(增刊):91-104. Liu Zhen,Jin Bo,He Weiying,et al.Generation and distribution of abnormal formation pressures in eastern part of the Junggar basin[J].Chinese Journal of Geology,2002,37(Sl):91-104.
[13] 王震亮,孙明亮,耿鹏,等.准南地区异常地层压力发育特征及形成机理[J].石油勘探与开发,2003,30(l):32-34. Wang Zhenliang,Sun Mingliang,Geng Peng,et al.The development features and formation mechanisms of abnormal high formation pressure in southern Junggar region[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2003,30(1):32-34.
[14] 李铁军.准噶尔盆地南缘异常高压及其成因机制初探[J].地质科学,2004,39(2):234-244. Li Tiejun.Overpressure and its generation in south edge of Junggar basin[J].Chinese Journal of Geology,2004,39(2):234-244.
[15] 罗晓容,肖立新,李学义,等.准噶尔盆地南缘中段异常压力分布及影响因素[J].地球科学:中国地质大学学报,2004,29(4):404-412. Luo Xiaorong,Xiao Lixin,Li Xueyi,et al.Overpressure distribution and affecting factors in southern margin of Juggar basin[J].Earth Science:Journal of China University of Geosciences,2004,29(4):404-412.
[16] 陈景阳.准噶尔盆地异常压力演化及成藏机制研究[D].北京:中国地质大学(北京),2007. Chen Jingyang.Study on abnormal formation pressure evolution and petroleum accumulation mechanism in Junggar Basin[D].Beijing,China:China University of Geosciences(Beijing),2007.
[17] 郑孟林,邱小芝,何文军,等.中国西北地区含油气盆地动力学演化[J].地球科学与环境学报,2015,37(5):1-16. Zheng Menglin,Qiu Xiaozhi,He Wenjun,et al.Geodynamic evolution of petroliferous basins in Northwest China[J].Journal of Earth Sciences & Environment,2015,37(5):1-16.
[18] 唐勇,王刚,郑孟林,等.新疆北部石炭纪盆地构造演化与油气成藏[J].地学前缘,2015,22(3):241-253. Tang Yong,Wang Gang,Zheng Menglin,et al.Carboniferous basin evolution and its hydrocarbon accumulation in the north of Xinjiang[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2015,22(3):241-253.
[19] 杨智,何生,武恒志,等.准噶尔盆地腹部超压层分布研究[J].石油物探,2007,46(2):137-142. Yang Zhi,He Sheng,Wu Hengzhi,et al.Study into the distribution of overpressure stratum in the hinterland of Jungar basin[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2007,46(2):137-142.
[20] Yardley G S,Swarbrick R E.Lateral transfer:A source of additional overpressure?[J].Marine and Petroleum Geology,2000,17(4):523-537.
[21] 王连进,叶加仁.沉积盆地超压形成机制述评[J].石油与天然气地质,2001,22(1):17-20. Wang Lianjin,Ye Jiaren.A comment on forming mechanism of overpressure in sedimentary basins[J].Oil & Gas Geology,2001,22(1):17-20.
[22] 何惠生,叶加仁,陈景阳.准噶尔盆地腹部超压演化及成因[J].石油天然气学报(江汉石油学院学报),2009,31(1):87-91. He Huisheng,Ye Jiaren,Chen Jingyang.Overpressure evolution and genesis in central Junggar Basin[J].Journal of Oil and Gas Techno-logy,2009,31(1):87-91.
[23] 杨智,何生,李奇艳,等.准噶尔盆地腹部盆1井西凹陷超压研究[J],中国地质,2008,35(2):239-245. Yang Zhi,He Sheng,Li Qiyan,et al.Overpressure in the well Pen-1 West subbasin in the interior of the Junggar basin[J].Geology in China,2008,35(2):239-245.
[24] 曹剑,雷德文,李玉文,等.古老碱湖优质烃源岩准噶尔盆地下二叠统风城组[J].石油学报,2015,36(7):781-790. Cao Jian,Lei Dewen,Li Yuwen,et al.Ancient high-quality alkaline lacustrine source rocks discovered in the Lower Permian Fengcheng formation,Junggar basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2015,36(7):781-790.
[25] 徐兴友,孔祥星,郭春清,等.准噶尔盆地腹地董1井和成1井的油源分析及其地质意义//第十届全国有机地球化学学术会议论文摘要汇编[C].第十届全国有机地球化学学术会议,2005:118-119. Xu Xingyou,Kong Xiangxing,Guo Chunqing,et al.Dong 1 well and Chen 1 well in the hinterland of Junggar basin oil source analysis and its geological significance//Proceedings of the tenth national sympo-sium on organic geochemistry[C].Tenth National Symposium on Organic Geochemistry,2005:118-119.
[26] 胡海燕,王国建.准噶尔盆地中部超压形成机理及其成藏意义[J].石油天然气学报(江汉石油学院学报),2009,31(1):1-6. Hu Haiyan,Wang Guojian.Mechanism of super-pressure and its implication of hydrocarbon accumulation in the center of Junggar Basin[J].Journal of Oil and Gas Technology,2009,31(1):1-6.
[27] 李传亮.地层抬升会导致异常高压吗?[J].岩性油气藏,2008,20(2):124-126. Li Chuanliang.Can uplift result in abnormal high pressure in formation?[J].Lithologic Reservoirs,2008,20(2):124-126.
[28] 武恒志,孟闲龙,杨江峰.准噶尔盆地腹部车-莫古隆起区隐蔽油气藏形成条件与勘探技术[J].石油与天然气地质,2006,27(6):779-803. Wu Hengzhi,Meng Xianlong,Yang Jiangfeng.Formation conditions and prospecting technologies for subtle reservoirs in the Che-Mo palaeohigh of central Junggar basin[J].Oil & Gas Geology,2006,27(6):779-803.
[29] Roberts S J,Nunn J A.Episodic fluid expulsion from geopressured sediments[J].Marine and Petroleum Geology,1995,12(2):195-204.
[30] 纪友亮,赵登林,刘孟慧.东蹼凹陷沙河街组碎屑岩成岩作用与有机质演化的关系[J].石油与天然气地质,1995,16(2):148-154. Ji Youliang,Zhao Chenling,Liu Menghui.Diagenesis of clastic rocks in Shahejie Formation,Dongpu Depression and its relation to organic matter evolution[J].Oil & Gas Geology,1995,16(2):148-154.
[31] 胡宗全.鄂尔多斯盆地上古生界砂岩储层方解石胶结物特征[J].石油学报,2003,24(4):40-43. Hu Zongquan.Calcite cements in Upper Palaeozoic sand reservoir of Ordos Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2003,24(4):40-43.
[32] 张永旺,曾溅辉,高霞,等.东营凹陷古近系储层碳酸盐胶结物分布特征及主控因素[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2009,39(1):16-22. Zhang Yongwang,Zeng Jianhui,Gao Xia,et al.Distribution characte-ristics and main controlling factors of carbonate cements in the Paleogene reservoirs in Dongying Depression[J].Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition),2009,39(1):16-22.
[33] 杨智,邹才能,何生,等.准噶尔盆地腹部超压顶面附近碳酸盐胶结带的成因机理[J].中国科学,2010,40(4):439-451. Yang Zhi,Zou Caineng,He Sheng,et al.Formation mechanism of carbonate cemented zones adjacent to the top overpressured surface in the central Junggar Basin,NW China[J].Chinese Science:Earth Science,2010,40(4):439-451.
[34] Chowdhury A H,Noble J P A.Origin,distribution and significance of carbonate cements in the Albert Formation reservoir sandstones,New Brunswick[J].Marine & Petroleum Geology,1996,13(7):837-846.
[35] 邹华耀,郝芳,张柏桥,等.准噶尔盆地中部超压封闭层的岩石学特征与封闭机理[J].岩石学报,2006,22(8):2213-2219. Zou Huayao,Hao Fang,Zhang Boqiao,et al.Petrologic feature and sealing mechanism for the pressure seal in the center of Junggar basin[J].Acta Petrologica Sinica,2006,22(8):2213-2219.
[36] 郝芳.超压盆地生烃作用动力学与油气成藏机理[M].北京:科学出版社,2005:1-414. Hao Fang.Kinetics of hydrocarbon generation and mechanism of hydrocarbon accumulation in overpressure basins[M].Beijing:Science Press,2005:1-414.