鄂西渝东下古生界海相页岩饱和烃组成特征及其指示意义

doi:10.11743/ogg20180202

石油与天然气地质 ›› 2018, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (2): 217-228.doi: 10.11743/ogg20180202

鄂西渝东下古生界海相页岩饱和烃组成特征及其指示意义

徐姝慧¹, 何生¹, 朱钢添¹, 刘若冰², 陆亚秋³, 魏思乐¹

1. 中国地质大学(武汉) 构造与油气资源教育部重点实验室, 湖北武汉 430074;
2. 中国石化勘探分公司勘探研究院, 四川成都 610041;
3. 中国石化江汉油田分公司勘探开发研究院, 湖北潜江 433124

收稿日期:2017-06-21 修回日期:2018-01-02 出版日期:2018-04-28 发布日期:2018-05-16
通讯作者: 何生(1956-),男,教授、博士生导师,油气地质。E-mail:shenghe@cug.edu.cn。 E-mail:shenghe@cug.edu.cn
作者简介:徐姝慧(1993-),女,硕士研究生,油气地球化学。E-mail:shuhui_cug@qq.com。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金面上项目（41672139）；国家“十三五”油气重大专项（2016ZX05034002-003，2017ZX05005001-008）；中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目（CUGQYZX1707）；高等学校学科创新引智计划资助项目（B14031）。

Characteristics of saturated hydrocarbons from Lower Paleozoic marine shales in western Hubei-eastern Chongqing area and their indications

Xu Shuhui¹, He Sheng¹, Zhu Gangtian¹, Liu Ruobing², Lu Yaqiu³, Wei Sile¹

1. Key Laboratory of Tectonics and Petroleum Resources, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China;
2. Research Institute of Exploration Company, SINOPEC, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China;
3. Research Institute of Exploration and Development of Jianghan Oilfield Company, SINOPEC, Qianjiang, Hubei 433124, China

Received:2017-06-21 Revised:2018-01-02 Online:2018-04-28 Published:2018-05-16

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

鄂西渝东区下寒武统水井沱组（牛蹄塘组）、上奥陶统五峰组和下志留统龙马溪组海相富有机质页岩是我国南方页岩气勘探的重要层位。研究表明，研究区水井沱组经历的最高古地温介于280~300 ℃，现今R_o为3.90%~4.50%；五峰组和龙马溪组最高古地温介于200~220 ℃，现今R_o为2.45%~3.00%，有机质处于高演化过成熟阶段。然而，页岩样品氯仿抽提物饱和烃组成仍较为完整，存在碳数分布多具双峰型的正构烷烃、部分类异戊二烯烷烃和甾萜类化合物。该现象说明在地层条件下页岩中较严格受限的液态烃向气态烃的热力转化即环化缩聚和加氢裂解受到限制，从而造成常见饱和烃生物标志化合物的基本碳骨架在地温为200~300 ℃和热力作用时间为50~180 Ma的条件下仍然可以保存。研究表明，过成熟页岩中的饱和烃生物标志化合物没有完全失去其指示成熟度和生源的意义。根据页岩样品中的正构烷烃碳数和双峰型分布特征以及C₂₃三环萜烷/C₃₀藿烷指标判断，水井沱组页岩有机质成熟度更高，有机质来源中以原核生物的母质贡献占优，而五峰组和龙马溪组页岩有机母质来源中主要为细菌和藻类。

关键词: 有机质, 过成熟, 饱和烃, 页岩, 下古生界, 鄂西渝东

Abstract:

Organic-rich marine shales in the Lower Cambrian Shuijingtuo (Niutitang) Formation,the Upper Ordovician Wufeng Formation and the Lower Silurian Longmaxi Formation of western Hubei-eastern Chongqing area are very attractive targets for shale gas exploration in southern China.This research shows that the maximum paleogeotemperature experienced by the Shuijingtuo Formation ranges from 280℃ to 300℃,while the maximum paleogeotemperature of the Wufeng Formation and the Longmaxi Formation ranges from 200℃ to 220℃.The organic matter of the three formations is over-mature,with the vitrinite reflectance (R_o) for the Shuijingtuo Formation varying from 3.90% to 4.50%,while that for the Wufeng Formation and the Longmaxi Formation from 2.45% to 3.00%.However,nearly a complete series of n-alkanes mostly with bimodal distributions,isoprenoid alkenes,steranes,and terpanes have been observed in saturated hydrocarbons from the sampled shales' chloroform extract.This demonstrates that the conversion from liquid hydrocarbons to gaseous hydrocarbons (i.e. cyclo-polycondensation and hydrocracking) has been restricted within the shale strata,and thus the carbon skeleton of typical saturated hydrocarbon biomarkers could preserve at 200℃ to 300℃ for 50 to 180 Ma.What is also shown by the research is that some saturated hydrocarbon biomarkers in over-mature shales have not lost their ability to indicate maturity and biogenesis completely.Judging from the carbon number range and bimodal distributions of n-alkanes,and C₂₃ tricyclic terpane/C₃₀ hopance ratios in the sampled shales,the shales in the Shuijingtuo Formation have a higher level of organic maturity and the prokaryote is a major source of their organic matter,while the organic parent substance for Wufeng shales and Longmaxi shales are mainly derived from bacteria and alga.

Key words: organic matter, over-maturity, saturated hydrocarbon, shale, Lower Paleozoic, western Hubei-eastern Chongqing area

中图分类号:

TE122.1

徐姝慧,何生,朱钢添,等. 鄂西渝东下古生界海相页岩饱和烃组成特征及其指示意义[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2018, 39(2): 217-228. doi: 10.11743/ogg20180202 Xu Shuhui,He Sheng,Zhu Gangtian,et al. Characteristics of saturated hydrocarbons from Lower Paleozoic marine shales in western Hubei-eastern Chongqing area and their indications[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2018, 39(2): 217-228. doi: 10.11743/ogg20180202

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鄂西渝东下古生界海相页岩饱和烃组成特征及其指示意义

Characteristics of saturated hydrocarbons from Lower Paleozoic marine shales in western Hubei-eastern Chongqing area and their indications

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[1]	何治亮, 聂海宽, 李双建, 刘光祥, 丁江辉, 边瑞康, 卢志远. 特提斯域板块构造约束下上扬子地区二叠系龙潭组页岩气的差异性赋存[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2021, 42(1): 1-15.
[2]	蔡勋育, 赵培荣, 高波, 朱彤, 田玲珏, 孙川翔. 中国石化页岩气“十三五”发展成果与展望[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2021, 42(1): 16-27.
[3]	张金川, 刘树根, 魏晓亮, 唐玄, 刘飏. 页岩含气量评价方法[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2021, 42(1): 28-40.
[4]	姜振学, 李鑫, 王幸蒙, 王国臻, 仇恒远, 朱德宇, 姜鸿阳. 中国南方典型页岩孔隙特征差异及其控制因素[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2021, 42(1): 41-53.
[5]	王濡岳, 胡宗全, 董立, 高波, 孙川翔, 杨滔, 王冠平, 尹帅. 页岩气储层表征评价技术进展与思考[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2021, 42(1): 54-65.
[6]	王红岩, 施振生, 孙莎莎, 张磊夫. 四川盆地及周缘志留系龙马溪组一段深层页岩储层特征及其成因[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2021, 42(1): 66-75.
[7]	陈前, 闫相宾, 刘超英, 魏晓亮, 程喆, 秦伟军, 洪太元. 压实对页岩有机质孔隙发育控制作用——以四川盆地东南地区及周缘下古生界为例[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2021, 42(1): 76-85.
[8]	卢志远, 何治亮, 余川, 叶欣, 李东晖, 杜伟, 聂海宽. 复杂构造区页岩气富集特征—以四川盆地东南部丁山地区下古生界五峰组-龙马溪组为例[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2021, 42(1): 86-97.
[9]	沈骋, 任岚, 赵金洲, 陈铭培. 页岩岩相组合划分标准及其对缝网形成的影响——以四川盆地志留系龙马溪组页岩为例[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2021, 42(1): 98-106, 123.
[10]	蔡全升, 陈孝红, 张国涛, 张保民, 韩京, 陈琳, 李培军, 李炎桂. 鄂西宜昌地区下古生界五峰组-龙马溪组页岩气储层发育特征与勘探潜力[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2021, 42(1): 107-123.
[11]	孙莎莎, 董大忠, 李育聪, 王红岩, 施振生, 黄世伟, 昌燕, 拜文华. 四川盆地侏罗系自流井组大安寨段陆相页岩油气地质特征及成藏控制因素[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2021, 42(1): 124-135.
[12]	刘忠宝, 胡宗全, 刘光祥, 刘珠江, 刘晧天, 郝景宇, 王鹏威, 李鹏. 四川盆地东北部下侏罗统自流井组陆相页岩储层孔隙特征及形成控制因素[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2021, 42(1): 136-145.
[13]	张培先, 何希鹏, 高全芳, 高玉巧, 孙斌, 蔡潇, 何贵松, 张志萍, 刘娜娜. 四川盆地东南缘二叠系茅口组一段页岩气藏地质特征及富集模式[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2021, 42(1): 146-157.
[14]	丁江辉, 张金川, 石刚, 申宝剑, 唐玄, 杨振恒, 李兴起, 李楚雄. 皖南地区上二叠统大隆组页岩沉积环境与有机质富集机理[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2021, 42(1): 158-172.
[15]	党伟, 张金川, 王凤琴, 李沛, 单长安, 王睿婧. 富有机质页岩-水蒸气吸附热力学与动力学特性——以鄂尔多斯盆地二叠系山西组页岩为例[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2021, 42(1): 173-185.